2023考研英語閱讀將培根帶回家

　　Bringing home the bacon

　　將培根帶回家

　　Tiny Denmark is an agricultural superpower

　　小國丹麥是農業超級霸主

　　EVERY weekday 20,000 pigs are delivered to the Danish Crown company s slaughterhouse inHorsens, in central Denmark.

　　在每一個工作日里，2萬只豬將被送入丹麥科王公司位于丹麥中部的霍爾森斯的屠宰場中。

　　They trot into the stunning room, guided by workers armed with giant fly swats.

　　他們受到持著巨型蒼蠅拍的工人們驅趕，快步地跑進那令人震撼無比的房間中去。

　　They are hung upside down, divided intwo, shaved of their bristles and scalded clean.

　　在那兒，他們被倒掛起來，一分為二，接著被刮去身上的豬鬃，再以白灼的方法清理干凈。

　　A machine cuts them into pieces, which are then cooled, boned and packed.

　　一部機器將他們分割成塊，進而冷卻、去骨和包裝起來。

　　The slaughterhouse is enormous, ten football pitches long with 11km of conveyor belts.

　　該公司的屠宰場巨大無比，約有十個足球場的長度，配有11公里長的傳送帶。

　　Its managers attend to the tiniest detail.

　　它的管理者們關注到了最微小的細節。

　　The fly-swatting workers wear green rather than white because this puts the pigs in a bettermood.

　　由于綠色能使豬處于較好的心情，所以，驅趕豬群的工人們均著綠色服裝而不是白色。

　　The cutting machine photographs a carcass before adjusting its blades to its exact contours.

　　切割機器會事先對畜體進行攝像，再以它真實的輪廓形態去調整刀片。

　　The company calibrates not only how to carve the flesh, but also where the various parts willfetch the highest prices: the bacon goes to Britain and the trotters to China.

　　另外，公司調整的不僅僅是對肉的處理方法，同時也對應調整了不同的部分所能賣出的最高價格銷售之地：培根運往英國，而豬蹄運往中國。

　　Denmark is a tiny country, with 5.6m people and wallet-draining labour costs.

　　丹麥是一個擁有560萬人口，且勞動力成本極高的小國。

　　But it is an agricultural giant, home to 30m pigs and a quiverful of global brands.

　　但她卻是一個農業大國，在擁有3000萬頭豬之余，世界上聞名遐邇的農業品牌也聚集于此。

　　In 2011 farm products made up 20% of its goods exports.

　　在2011年，其農產品出口占總出口的百分之二十。

　　The value of food exports grew from 4 billion in 2001 to 16.1 billion in 2011.

　　食品出口貿易由2001年的400億歐元上升至2011年的1610億歐元。

　　The government expects it to rise by a further 6.7 billion by 2023.

　　截止至2023年，丹麥政府預期將會有更進一步的670億歐元的增長。

　　Why, in a post-industrial economy, is the food industry still thriving?

　　在一個后工業化的經濟體里，為何食品產業仍在蓬勃發展?

　　Much of the answer lies in a cluster in the central region of the country.

　　大部分答案可從國家中央區域的產業群中找得出。

　　Policymakers everywhere are obsessed by creating their own Silicon Valleys.

　　不管是何處的政策制定者，都渴望于建立屬于他們自己的硅谷。

　　But Denmark s example suggests that the logic of clustering can be applied as well to ancientindustries as to new ones.

　　但丹麥的例子展現出集群效應不僅對新產業，而對傳統產業來說也同樣適用。

　　In central Denmark just as in California, innovation is in the air, improving productivity isa way of life, and the whole is much greater than the sum of the parts.

　　在丹麥中央區就像在加州一樣，空氣中彌漫著創新的味道，改進生產率已是一種生活方式，而整體之和遠比部分之和大。

　　Entrepreneurs see the future in meat and milk.

　　企業家們在肉和牛奶中看到了前景。

　　The cluster includes several big companies, which act as its leading investors: Danish Crown,Arla, Rose Poultry and DuPont Danisco.

　　這片產業群中，包含了幾個作為主要投資者的大公司：丹麥科王、愛氏晨曦、Rose Poultry、杜邦丹尼斯克。

　　Plenty of smaller firms are also sprouting, which act as indicators of nascent trends andincubators of new ideas.

　　與此同時，大量的小型企業也在發展起步階段。他們不僅是行業新趨勢的引路明燈，還是創新理念的萌生之處。

　　Though the food industry, capital-intensive and tightly regulated, is rarely rich soil forentrepreneurs, in Denmark it is fertile.

　　因為資本密集和受到嚴格規管的特點，食品產業往往并不是企業家們的樂土，但是，在丹麥，這一行發展的條件卻截然不同。

　　Several young companies are making information-technology tools for different bits of thebusiness:

　　一些新近成立的公司，正在為不同的業務發展相對應的信息科技工具。

　　LetFarm for fields, Bovisoft for stables, AgroSoft for pigs, Webstech for grain.

　　LetFarm對應著土地資源管理, Bovisoft對應著牛棚管理, AgroSoft對應著豬的管理, Webstech對應著谷物的處理。

　　ISI Food Protection focuses on dealing with organisms that spoil food or spread poisoning.

　　ISI食品保護系統專注于處理會導致食品腐壞傳播毒素的微生物。

　　InOMEGA3 specialises in food ingredients containing Omega-3 fatty acids, which are creditedwith various health-giving powers.

　　InOMEGA3則專注于食品原料中包含了Omega-3脂肪酸,而這被認為與多種不同的有益健康的因素相關。

　　Soy4you，develops alternatives to meat products.

　　Soy4you，則發展成為了肉類產品的替代品。

　　The cluster also has a collection of productivity-spurring institutions such as the DanishCattle Research Centre and the Knowledge Centre for Agriculture.

　　產業群中也有一批致力于促進生產力的機構，比如丹麥牛類研究中心和農業知識中心等等。

　　Danish universities remain at the forefront of the agro-industry: at Danish TechnicalUniversity 1,500 people work on food-related subjects.

　　丹麥的大學仍保持了在農用工業的方面的前沿：在丹麥技術大學，有1500人研究與食品相關的學科。

　　A tradition of public-private partnerships, which began with farmers forming co-operatives toimprove production and marketing in the late 19th century, continues to flourish.

　　在十九世紀末，從旨在通過農民組織合作來優化生產與市場銷售的公私合作開始，這樣的傳統如今仍在持續地蓬勃發展中。

　　An Agro Food Park near Aarhus, backed by the industry and the regional government, isnearing completion.

　　靠近奧胡斯的一個農業食品產業園區，在行業與地方政府的支持下，已接近完工。

　　It employs 800 people already and is expected to have 3,000 staff by 2023.

　　目前園區內已經雇傭了800名員工，同時預計到2023年為止將擁有3000名員工。

　　The Cattle Research Centre, for example, demonstrates that there are dozens of ways toboost bovine productivity.

　　例如，牛類研究中心表明他們有許多方法來提高牛的生產力。

　　Robots can do everything from milking cows to keeping them washed and brushed tomucking out their living quarters.

　　機器人可以做到從擠牛奶、讓奶牛們保持清潔到將糞便清理出他們的生活區。

　　The milking robot can also act as a lab in the farm by analysing the milk for signs of healthproblems.

　　擠奶機器人也可以作為一個位于農場的實驗室，即通過分析牛奶的成分，進而作為健康問題的反映。

　　Microchips can keep an eye on cows behaviour. Carefully screened Viking semen canimprove the quality of the stock.

　　微芯片能夠保持著對牛只行為的監控。仔細篩選過的維京精液可以提高牛類血統的質量。

　　The word on everyone s lips is innovation.

　　掛在每個人嘴邊的詞都是創新。

　　Big companies are building centres to develop new products.

　　大公司正在建立新的中心以開發新的產品。

　　Arla is spending 36m on one in the Agro Food Park.

　　愛氏晨曦花費了3600萬歐元在它位于農業食品產業園區的中心。

　　DuPont s centre in Aarhus is part of a global network with branches in America, Australiaand China.

　　杜邦公司在奧胡斯的中心則是它囊括著美國、澳洲、中國分支的全球網絡的一部分。

　　They are also abandoning their insular ways, collaborating with startups and sponsoring foodfestivals and star chefs.

　　他們也放棄了原本狹隘的方式，開始與初創的新公司合作，以及贊助美食節和明星廚師。

　　Universities are adding departments: Aarhus now has a centre devoted to consumerbehaviour in regard to food and DTU is focusing on bio-siliconapplying IT to food.

　　大學們正在增加各項部門：奧胡斯的一個研發中心致力于研究關于食品方面的消費者行為;而DTU專注于生物硅---一項將IT技術應用于食物產業的嘗試。

　　Land of milk and honey-roast ham

　　牛奶與火腿之地

　　If all this spending on innovation is to pay off and Denmark s food industry is to continue tothrive, the country s farmers will have to overcome formidable challenges at home andabroad.

　　為了確保投入到創新研發中的一切花費都有所回報，同樣地，為了確保丹麥的食品產業能夠持續繁榮，當地的農民們必須克服來自國內來的巨大挑戰。

　　Among the Danish public, distaste for factory farming is increasing. Borgen, a populartelevision political drama, devoted an entire episode to criticising pig farming.

　　在國內，一股對工廠化農耕的厭惡正在持續升溫。

　　Demand is shifting from the European Union, which consumes more than 60% of Denmark sfood exports, to emerging countries, some of which are becoming agricultural powers intheir own right.

　　一檔十分受歡迎的政治類電視劇《權利的堡壘》，曾用了整整一集來批判養豬業。而國外的需求正從占食品出口交易量達60%的歐盟向新興國家轉移。在這些新興國家中，有一部正憑借自身的實力發展成農業強國。

　　Growing pressure on natural resources such as water and feedstock could render some ofthe industry unsustainable.

　　像水源和種子庫存短缺等等的資源問題，令行業壓力持續增加，并可能致使產業中部分環節難以為繼。

　　Against that, food is a growing industry: demand is set to rise by 60% by 2030, andDenmark s food cluster is as well placed as any to benefit.

　　雖然如此，食品產業仍擁有良好的發展前景：到2030年為止，需求將增長60%;丹麥的食品產業群會處于優勢地位，進而盈利。

　　Its companies have lots of expertise in food safety, for example: China has identifiedDenmark as a model.

　　食品公司們有很多食品安全方面的專業技術，比如，中國目前已確定了將丹麥作為其模板來發展。

　　Danish firms are thriving at the high as well as the low end of the business:

　　丹麥的公司們正在積極發展著從高到低的各項業務：

　　Noma, a celebrated restaurant in Copenhagen, has helped to create a cult of Nordic food,including pig s tails, supplied by Danish Crown.

　　一家位于哥本哈根的著名餐館Noma，幫助創作完成了一批北歐風味的食物，包括由丹麥科王公司提供的豬尾巴。

　　Above all, perhaps, Danes are remarkably hard-headed about making money out of bloodand soil: the Danish Crown slaughterhouse organises regular tours for visitors, includingschoolchildren, with views of the killing line.

　　總而言之，或許，丹麥人對于從鮮血與土壤中賺錢表現得異常冷靜：丹麥科王公司的屠宰場會定期組織游客團對他們的屠宰生產線進行參觀，而游客中還包括學生。

　　詞語解釋

　　1.upside down 顛倒，倒轉;混亂地

　　Forget about flat-the world of business is turningupside down.

　　別再相信世界是四平八穩的了，世界貿易正乾坤顛倒。

　　Turn the question upside down, and the patternstill appears.

　　將這個問題倒過來看，仍舊還是這個模式。

　　2.adjust to 調整， 調節

　　Do you adjust to deprivation quite so quickly?

　　你能這么快適應被剝奪網絡的狀態么?

　　The world must adjust to this unpleasant new threat.

　　全球必須直面這種令人不快的新威脅做出調整。

　　3.lie in 位于;躺在

　　Russia s long-term interests lie in closer integration with the west.

　　俄羅斯的長期利益在于加深與西方的一體化程度。

　　I think his chief areas of innovation lie in theme and form.

　　我認為他革新的主要領域在于影片的主題和形式。

　　4.focus on 集中于,集中研究

　　That s all you want to focus on.

　　你只需將你的注意力集中于此。

　　The project also will focus on key secreted pathogenic proteins.

　　該項目也將集中于主要分泌性致病蛋白質。