2023考研英語閱讀英國的比爾蓋茨在哪
Wheres Britains Bill Gates?
英國的比爾?蓋茨在哪?
MEET the British Bill Gates. He studied computer science at Cambridgedropping out to starthis career in nearby Silicon Fen. Then he launched his own start-up, based at SiliconRoundabout, a new hub of tech firms in east London. Bolstered by finance from the City, heresisted the lure of a foreign takeover, ultimately listing on the London Stock Exchange.
讓我們一起來與認(rèn)識(shí)英國的比爾?蓋茨。他原本在劍橋大學(xué)主修計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)輟學(xué)來到學(xué)習(xí)附近的硅谷開始自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。然后他在英國東部的迷你硅谷成立了一家新的科技公司。由于有來自城市的財(cái)政支持，他拒絕了外國公司收購的誘惑，最終使自己的公司在倫敦證券交易所上市。
It is a plausible biographygiven the necessary addition of animal spiritsbut an imaginaryone. Britain has no digital equivalent of the 18th-century industrial innovators who turnedtechnology into commercial leadership. Its more recent prowess in pharmaceuticals andbiotechnology has not been emulated in the digital sphere. David Camerons government shouldponder this failure and address the reasons for it. Luck is one of them, but so are nationaland European regulations and a tepid climate for entrepreneurs.
雖然只是想象的，但如果加入了必要的奮斗精神，這樣的自傳是看似合理的。在信息時(shí)代，沒有等同于18世紀(jì)工業(yè)革命的可以把英國帶上世界商業(yè)霸主的地位發(fā)明。在制藥和生物科技上的高超技術(shù)是數(shù)碼領(lǐng)域所無法模仿的。大衛(wèi)?卡梅隆政府應(yīng)該反思這次失敗并且找出其原因。運(yùn)氣就是其中之一，英國本土和歐洲的管制以及對(duì)企業(yè)家冷淡的態(tài)度也是原因的一部分。
A nation of digital shopkeepers
作為數(shù)位公司的店主的國家
Britain has one of the biggest online economies. Its researchers invented both the web and the computer. It has the English languagewhich helps to link it with Californias Silicon Valley and Indian high-techand great universities. There are thriving tech clusters in Bristol, London and elsewhere . More so than other European countries, Britain should be competing with America as a tech leader.
英國有最大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)。他的研究人員發(fā)明的既有網(wǎng)絡(luò)也有電腦。英國擁有語言優(yōu)勢(shì)這個(gè)幫助他們和加州的硅谷以及印度高科技區(qū)域建立聯(lián)系，以及擁有好的大學(xué)。在布里斯托爾,倫敦一起英國的其他地區(qū),許多科技公司的發(fā)展蒸蒸日上。比起其他歐洲國家，英國應(yīng)該以技術(shù)行業(yè)領(lǐng)跑者的身份來與美國競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
Yet it has nurtured relatively few big tech companies and no huge ones. In particular, Britain has vanishingly few platform firmsie, the sort that, like Microsoft, Google or Facebook, have built and marketed a service or piece of software on which other businesses and applications rely. That is where the real money is: platforms tend to yield lots of jobs in spin-offs and ancillary enterprises. Britain has Autonomy, which makes specialised search software, and ARM, which designs the microchips for Apples iPhones. Both are leaders in their fields, but neither is a giant. More damningly, they are the only two innovative tech outfits in the FTSE index of leading shares.
雖然英國有一些較大的科技公司，但是沒有一個(gè)大型的科技公司。特別是，英國幾乎沒有應(yīng)用平臺(tái)類的公司比如，像微軟，谷歌或臉譜公司這樣的公司，他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)了一些其它商業(yè)或者應(yīng)用程序依賴的服務(wù)和軟件。這就是公司利益的來源:應(yīng)用平臺(tái)公司經(jīng)常通過其工司資產(chǎn)分配和其附屬公司帶來大量的工作崗位。英國有專注于搜索軟件的公司奧托諾尼和為蘋果手機(jī)生產(chǎn)微型芯片的安謀公司。兩家公司都是其行業(yè)的領(lǐng)頭人，但是都不是一個(gè)行業(yè)巨頭。更加致命的是，他們是在倫敦金融時(shí)報(bào)指數(shù)主要證券中僅有的兩家創(chuàng)新型科技股。
There should surely be more. Individual ideas and people are the key, obviously, but there are three problems with Britains tech ecology that its government could ameliorate. One is the absence of a market as big and homogeneous as American tech firms enjoy. Another is a relative shortage of capital for start-ups and growing firms. The third is the lack of entrepreneurs who combine technological expertise, business acumen and the sort of balls that, in 2006, reputedly let Mark Zuckerberg turn down Yahoo!s offer of $1 billion for Facebook.
這里的確需要有更多這樣的公司。顯然，個(gè)人的創(chuàng)意和消費(fèi)群體是關(guān)鍵，但是，對(duì)于英國科技發(fā)展的環(huán)境，仍有三個(gè)需要政府解決的問題。其中一個(gè)是缺少一個(gè)像美國公司擁有的那種大型市場(chǎng)。另一個(gè)問題就是新創(chuàng)立以及處于發(fā)展期的公司相對(duì)缺少資金。第三點(diǎn)就是缺少能夠?qū)I(yè)技術(shù)，商業(yè)頭腦以及超人膽識(shí)相結(jié)合的企業(yè)家，值得一提的，臉書的創(chuàng)始人，扎克伯格，就擁有這樣的膽識(shí)并拒絕了雅虎10億美元的收購報(bào)價(jià)。
Begin with the market. You might think that distance and geography would be marginal considerations for tech firms. You would be wrong. For American firms, a domestic market of 300m interconnected English-speaking consumers is a big advantage. Easy transatlantic communications should help British firms conquer that market; but they also encourage American firms to snap up promising British companies. Europe is fragmented not only by multiple languages but also by the lack of a properly common market in services, including digital ones, so tech firms must still overcome assorted legal and bureaucratic barriers to trade across the EU. Digital firms should be able to benefit from the single market just as mobile-phone companies such as Nokia and Vodafone have. Proper implementation across the union of the directive on liberalising the services market, passed in 2006, would be a start.
從一個(gè)市場(chǎng)形成伊始。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為距離和地理位置對(duì)于高科技公司來說是一個(gè)不重要的考慮因素。不過，這樣想你會(huì)錯(cuò)的。對(duì)于美國公司來說，國內(nèi)的3億把英語作為交流語言的消費(fèi)者形成的市場(chǎng)就是一個(gè)巨大優(yōu)勢(shì)。簡(jiǎn)單的橫渡大西洋交流便能幫助英國公司征服美國市場(chǎng);但是美國會(huì)鼓勵(lì)他們的公司競(jìng)購這些有潛力的英國公司。歐洲不僅由于多種語言而不能形成統(tǒng)一的市場(chǎng)，同時(shí)也由于缺少一個(gè)合適地常規(guī)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)，其中包括數(shù)位服務(wù)，因此高科技公司必須一致克服各種各樣的法律和政治上的障礙來與歐盟貿(mào)易。數(shù)位企業(yè)應(yīng)該能像手機(jī)公司諾基亞和沃達(dá)豐一樣從單一的市場(chǎng)獲利。對(duì)2006年通過的旨在將歐盟范圍內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)自由化建議的正確貫徹與執(zhí)行,將是一個(gè)開始.
Wheres Britains Bill Gates?
英國的比爾?蓋茨在哪?
MEET the British Bill Gates. He studied computer science at Cambridgedropping out to starthis career in nearby Silicon Fen. Then he launched his own start-up, based at SiliconRoundabout, a new hub of tech firms in east London. Bolstered by finance from the City, heresisted the lure of a foreign takeover, ultimately listing on the London Stock Exchange.
讓我們一起來與認(rèn)識(shí)英國的比爾?蓋茨。他原本在劍橋大學(xué)主修計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)輟學(xué)來到學(xué)習(xí)附近的硅谷開始自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。然后他在英國東部的迷你硅谷成立了一家新的科技公司。由于有來自城市的財(cái)政支持，他拒絕了外國公司收購的誘惑，最終使自己的公司在倫敦證券交易所上市。
It is a plausible biographygiven the necessary addition of animal spiritsbut an imaginaryone. Britain has no digital equivalent of the 18th-century industrial innovators who turnedtechnology into commercial leadership. Its more recent prowess in pharmaceuticals andbiotechnology has not been emulated in the digital sphere. David Camerons government shouldponder this failure and address the reasons for it. Luck is one of them, but so are nationaland European regulations and a tepid climate for entrepreneurs.
雖然只是想象的，但如果加入了必要的奮斗精神，這樣的自傳是看似合理的。在信息時(shí)代，沒有等同于18世紀(jì)工業(yè)革命的可以把英國帶上世界商業(yè)霸主的地位發(fā)明。在制藥和生物科技上的高超技術(shù)是數(shù)碼領(lǐng)域所無法模仿的。大衛(wèi)?卡梅隆政府應(yīng)該反思這次失敗并且找出其原因。運(yùn)氣就是其中之一，英國本土和歐洲的管制以及對(duì)企業(yè)家冷淡的態(tài)度也是原因的一部分。
A nation of digital shopkeepers
作為數(shù)位公司的店主的國家
Britain has one of the biggest online economies. Its researchers invented both the web and the computer. It has the English languagewhich helps to link it with Californias Silicon Valley and Indian high-techand great universities. There are thriving tech clusters in Bristol, London and elsewhere . More so than other European countries, Britain should be competing with America as a tech leader.
英國有最大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)。他的研究人員發(fā)明的既有網(wǎng)絡(luò)也有電腦。英國擁有語言優(yōu)勢(shì)這個(gè)幫助他們和加州的硅谷以及印度高科技區(qū)域建立聯(lián)系，以及擁有好的大學(xué)。在布里斯托爾,倫敦一起英國的其他地區(qū),許多科技公司的發(fā)展蒸蒸日上。比起其他歐洲國家，英國應(yīng)該以技術(shù)行業(yè)領(lǐng)跑者的身份來與美國競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
Yet it has nurtured relatively few big tech companies and no huge ones. In particular, Britain has vanishingly few platform firmsie, the sort that, like Microsoft, Google or Facebook, have built and marketed a service or piece of software on which other businesses and applications rely. That is where the real money is: platforms tend to yield lots of jobs in spin-offs and ancillary enterprises. Britain has Autonomy, which makes specialised search software, and ARM, which designs the microchips for Apples iPhones. Both are leaders in their fields, but neither is a giant. More damningly, they are the only two innovative tech outfits in the FTSE index of leading shares.
雖然英國有一些較大的科技公司，但是沒有一個(gè)大型的科技公司。特別是，英國幾乎沒有應(yīng)用平臺(tái)類的公司比如，像微軟，谷歌或臉譜公司這樣的公司，他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)了一些其它商業(yè)或者應(yīng)用程序依賴的服務(wù)和軟件。這就是公司利益的來源:應(yīng)用平臺(tái)公司經(jīng)常通過其工司資產(chǎn)分配和其附屬公司帶來大量的工作崗位。英國有專注于搜索軟件的公司奧托諾尼和為蘋果手機(jī)生產(chǎn)微型芯片的安謀公司。兩家公司都是其行業(yè)的領(lǐng)頭人，但是都不是一個(gè)行業(yè)巨頭。更加致命的是，他們是在倫敦金融時(shí)報(bào)指數(shù)主要證券中僅有的兩家創(chuàng)新型科技股。
There should surely be more. Individual ideas and people are the key, obviously, but there are three problems with Britains tech ecology that its government could ameliorate. One is the absence of a market as big and homogeneous as American tech firms enjoy. Another is a relative shortage of capital for start-ups and growing firms. The third is the lack of entrepreneurs who combine technological expertise, business acumen and the sort of balls that, in 2006, reputedly let Mark Zuckerberg turn down Yahoo!s offer of $1 billion for Facebook.
這里的確需要有更多這樣的公司。顯然，個(gè)人的創(chuàng)意和消費(fèi)群體是關(guān)鍵，但是，對(duì)于英國科技發(fā)展的環(huán)境，仍有三個(gè)需要政府解決的問題。其中一個(gè)是缺少一個(gè)像美國公司擁有的那種大型市場(chǎng)。另一個(gè)問題就是新創(chuàng)立以及處于發(fā)展期的公司相對(duì)缺少資金。第三點(diǎn)就是缺少能夠?qū)I(yè)技術(shù)，商業(yè)頭腦以及超人膽識(shí)相結(jié)合的企業(yè)家，值得一提的，臉書的創(chuàng)始人，扎克伯格，就擁有這樣的膽識(shí)并拒絕了雅虎10億美元的收購報(bào)價(jià)。
Begin with the market. You might think that distance and geography would be marginal considerations for tech firms. You would be wrong. For American firms, a domestic market of 300m interconnected English-speaking consumers is a big advantage. Easy transatlantic communications should help British firms conquer that market; but they also encourage American firms to snap up promising British companies. Europe is fragmented not only by multiple languages but also by the lack of a properly common market in services, including digital ones, so tech firms must still overcome assorted legal and bureaucratic barriers to trade across the EU. Digital firms should be able to benefit from the single market just as mobile-phone companies such as Nokia and Vodafone have. Proper implementation across the union of the directive on liberalising the services market, passed in 2006, would be a start.
從一個(gè)市場(chǎng)形成伊始。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為距離和地理位置對(duì)于高科技公司來說是一個(gè)不重要的考慮因素。不過，這樣想你會(huì)錯(cuò)的。對(duì)于美國公司來說，國內(nèi)的3億把英語作為交流語言的消費(fèi)者形成的市場(chǎng)就是一個(gè)巨大優(yōu)勢(shì)。簡(jiǎn)單的橫渡大西洋交流便能幫助英國公司征服美國市場(chǎng);但是美國會(huì)鼓勵(lì)他們的公司競(jìng)購這些有潛力的英國公司。歐洲不僅由于多種語言而不能形成統(tǒng)一的市場(chǎng)，同時(shí)也由于缺少一個(gè)合適地常規(guī)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)，其中包括數(shù)位服務(wù)，因此高科技公司必須一致克服各種各樣的法律和政治上的障礙來與歐盟貿(mào)易。數(shù)位企業(yè)應(yīng)該能像手機(jī)公司諾基亞和沃達(dá)豐一樣從單一的市場(chǎng)獲利。對(duì)2006年通過的旨在將歐盟范圍內(nèi)服務(wù)市場(chǎng)自由化建議的正確貫徹與執(zhí)行,將是一個(gè)開始.
