如何做好四級閱讀理解
一、重視閱讀理解中的細節(jié)性問題
關于細節(jié)性問題(Suppporting Details) 細節(jié)性問題是關于Supporting Details類的問題，通過Skimming找出主題后，應進一步掌握闡述和發(fā)展主題的主要事實，或按要求找出特定細節(jié)。 在回答此類問題時，應采用查讀法(Scanning)，因為這些具體內容(Details)是用來說明、論證或分析文章中心的。這類題目常以WH-形式來提問，如who， what， when， where， why及how等形式。這些問題的表達常不采用文章中的原話提問，而是使用同義詞語等，因此，在選擇答案前應首先看準題于，看清問題所問;
究竟;然后，在查讀時注意尋找與題目相關的關鍵詞語;最后，在充分理解原文、原題的基礎上確定正確答案。
當然，這類細節(jié)性問題所涉及的面是很廣的。有的涉及數(shù)字計算，如問時間、距離、次數(shù)、數(shù)量等，認真計算后方可選定正確答案;有的涉及正誤判斷，要先看選項，根據(jù)選項提供的線索，尋視文中相應部分，最后在題中選出肯定答案;還有的尋問事實、原因、結果、目的等。總之，做細節(jié)題切忌通過自己對某類知識的主觀了解和認識做出想像判斷，一定要緊扣文章內容，不可隨心所欲。
細節(jié)類問題的命題方式有以下幾種：
Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
What is the example of . . . as described in the passage?
The author mentions all of the following except . . .
The reason for . . .is . . .
The author states that . . .
According to the passage, when ...
二、關于閱讀理解中的態(tài)度類問題
關于作者的態(tài)度類問題(Attitude)
閱讀理解的最后一題常常提問在作者對文章中某一問題的態(tài)度(Attitude)、全文的基調(Tone)、文章的出處(Source)及對文章前后接續(xù)內容的判斷等。
關于態(tài)度或基調(Attitude/Tone)類題的回答應從篇章的體裁著手，一般來說，在說明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的;而在議論文中，作者的觀點才會顯得多種多樣，常有的選項有：
(1) positive(積極的)
(2) negative(消極的)
(3) neutral(中立的)
(4) approval(贊成的)
(5) disapproval(不贊成的)
(6) indifferent(漠不關心的)
(7) sarcastic(諷刺的)
(8) critical(批評的)
(9) optimistic(樂觀的)
(10) pessimistic(悲觀的)
問題的幾種提問方式：
Whats the writers attitude to ?
Whats the tone of the passage?
The authors view is _______
The writers attitude of .this passage is apparently _________-
The author suggests that _________
According to author __________
有文章中，作者觀點明確，文章基調清楚，而有的文章中，作者僅僅暗示對某一問題的態(tài)度和觀點，需要閱讀時仔細琢磨。解答這類問題時，首先應請注意篇章中起連接手段作用的那些詞語;其次應注意有些表明作者觀點詞匯，如形容詞、動詞等。
對文章的出處及文章前后接續(xù)內容判斷等可從全篇著手，從個別句子或詞匯找線索進行判斷。
Example :
I am not so na?ve ,however ,as to believe that sex is responsible for this unfortunate situation of the American woman. I am not a feminist , but I am an individualist. I do not believe there is any important difference between men and women. certainly not as much as there may be between one woman and another or one man and an-other. There are plenty of women and men, for that matter who would be completely fulfilled in being allowed to be as lazy as possible. If someone will ensconce them in a pleasant home and pay their bills, they ask no more of life. It is quite all right for these men and women to live thus so long as fools can be found who will pay so much for nothing much in return. Gigolos , male and female, are to be found in every class and in the best of homes. But when a man does not want to be a gigolo, he has the freedom to go out and work and create as well as he can. But a woman has not. Even if her individual husband lets her, tradition in society is against her. In this passage the author looks on the situation of women with an attitude of .
A) amusement
B) indifference
C) disapproval
D) condemnation
此篇文章中，作者對待這一問題的態(tài)度十分明確、強硬(如用語I am not 等等)，因此只參在選項C)和D)中選擇。而從文章中的gigolos,fools等詞可看出作者不僅不贊成而且態(tài)度更甚。所以，選項C)程度還不夠，這一題的正確答案是D).
一、重視閱讀理解中的細節(jié)性問題
關于細節(jié)性問題(Suppporting Details) 細節(jié)性問題是關于Supporting Details類的問題，通過Skimming找出主題后，應進一步掌握闡述和發(fā)展主題的主要事實，或按要求找出特定細節(jié)。 在回答此類問題時，應采用查讀法(Scanning)，因為這些具體內容(Details)是用來說明、論證或分析文章中心的。這類題目常以WH-形式來提問，如who， what， when， where， why及how等形式。這些問題的表達常不采用文章中的原話提問，而是使用同義詞語等，因此，在選擇答案前應首先看準題于，看清問題所問;
究竟;然后，在查讀時注意尋找與題目相關的關鍵詞語;最后，在充分理解原文、原題的基礎上確定正確答案。
當然，這類細節(jié)性問題所涉及的面是很廣的。有的涉及數(shù)字計算，如問時間、距離、次數(shù)、數(shù)量等，認真計算后方可選定正確答案;有的涉及正誤判斷，要先看選項，根據(jù)選項提供的線索，尋視文中相應部分，最后在題中選出肯定答案;還有的尋問事實、原因、結果、目的等。總之，做細節(jié)題切忌通過自己對某類知識的主觀了解和認識做出想像判斷，一定要緊扣文章內容，不可隨心所欲。
細節(jié)類問題的命題方式有以下幾種：
Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
What is the example of . . . as described in the passage?
The author mentions all of the following except . . .
The reason for . . .is . . .
The author states that . . .
According to the passage, when ...
二、關于閱讀理解中的態(tài)度類問題
關于作者的態(tài)度類問題(Attitude)
閱讀理解的最后一題常常提問在作者對文章中某一問題的態(tài)度(Attitude)、全文的基調(Tone)、文章的出處(Source)及對文章前后接續(xù)內容的判斷等。
關于態(tài)度或基調(Attitude/Tone)類題的回答應從篇章的體裁著手，一般來說，在說明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的;而在議論文中，作者的觀點才會顯得多種多樣，常有的選項有：
(1) positive(積極的)
(2) negative(消極的)
(3) neutral(中立的)
(4) approval(贊成的)
(5) disapproval(不贊成的)
(6) indifferent(漠不關心的)
(7) sarcastic(諷刺的)
(8) critical(批評的)
(9) optimistic(樂觀的)
(10) pessimistic(悲觀的)
問題的幾種提問方式：
Whats the writers attitude to ?
Whats the tone of the passage?
The authors view is _______
The writers attitude of .this passage is apparently _________-
The author suggests that _________
According to author __________
有文章中，作者觀點明確，文章基調清楚，而有的文章中，作者僅僅暗示對某一問題的態(tài)度和觀點，需要閱讀時仔細琢磨。解答這類問題時，首先應請注意篇章中起連接手段作用的那些詞語;其次應注意有些表明作者觀點詞匯，如形容詞、動詞等。
對文章的出處及文章前后接續(xù)內容判斷等可從全篇著手，從個別句子或詞匯找線索進行判斷。
Example :
I am not so na?ve ,however ,as to believe that sex is responsible for this unfortunate situation of the American woman. I am not a feminist , but I am an individualist. I do not believe there is any important difference between men and women. certainly not as much as there may be between one woman and another or one man and an-other. There are plenty of women and men, for that matter who would be completely fulfilled in being allowed to be as lazy as possible. If someone will ensconce them in a pleasant home and pay their bills, they ask no more of life. It is quite all right for these men and women to live thus so long as fools can be found who will pay so much for nothing much in return. Gigolos , male and female, are to be found in every class and in the best of homes. But when a man does not want to be a gigolo, he has the freedom to go out and work and create as well as he can. But a woman has not. Even if her individual husband lets her, tradition in society is against her. In this passage the author looks on the situation of women with an attitude of .
A) amusement
B) indifference
C) disapproval
D) condemnation
此篇文章中，作者對待這一問題的態(tài)度十分明確、強硬(如用語I am not 等等)，因此只參在選項C)和D)中選擇。而從文章中的gigolos,fools等詞可看出作者不僅不贊成而且態(tài)度更甚。所以，選項C)程度還不夠，這一題的正確答案是D).
