英語四級詞匯課堂筆記完整版
第1課
如果想達到85分以上，詞匯應(yīng)該錯6個以內(nèi)。
Jump for the sun, at least you land on the moon. 目標(biāo)定的高一點有好處。
4200單詞要求對于4級考試，高三畢業(yè)是1800個單詞。
我喜歡這里： I like here. Right: I like it here.
I can succeed. Right: I can do it. I can make it.
注意生活中的英語： Nike勝利女神。 Just do it.
生活中的英語： Did you have a pleasant journey?
I am very much frightened because a girl named Monika stands beside me. Oh, thank god! Hes not the president now.
I was just screwed up.
四級考試中常見的考察詞匯的題型：
I 押韻題型(押頭韻、押尾韻);
答案總在相似中，如果有三個一樣，基本上就在其中了。
54. The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.
A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently
continue v. 繼續(xù)，連續(xù); continually adv. 時斷時續(xù)地; continuously adv. 連續(xù)不斷地。
說不停的咳嗽時，continually是間歇的時斷時續(xù)的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。
consequently adv. 因此，所以;
constantly adv. 始終如一地，連續(xù)發(fā)生地;constant temperature 恒溫
consistently adv. 一貫地，一致地; consistent adj. consistent policy 一貫的政策。
36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you havent seen before.
A revise B rewrite C reveal D reverse
rewrite v. 重寫，改寫; revise vt. 修改，修正; reveal vt. 揭示，揭露;
reverse vt. 顛倒，使反轉(zhuǎn)，使反向。
42. There were no tickets _D_ for Fridays performance.
A preferable B considerable C possible D available
performance n. 表演，演出，演奏; perform vt. possible adj. 可能的
動詞后加able構(gòu)成形容詞通常表示可的 read - readable accept - acceptable
consider vt. 考慮; considerable adj. 相當(dāng)大的。
preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的;
available adj. 可獲得的，可利用的，可支配的。
33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.
A acceptable B applicable C advisable D available
living expenses 生活費; acceptable adj. 可接受的;
apply vt. 申請，應(yīng)用; applicable adj. 可應(yīng)用的，適當(dāng)?shù)模线m的;
advise vt. 建議; advice n. 建議; advisable adj. 明智的，可取的。
54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.
A consistent B continuous C considerate D continual
achieve unity through peaceful means 通過和平手段取得統(tǒng)一; consistent policy 一貫政策
II 構(gòu)詞法題型;
構(gòu)成符合形容詞的名詞和數(shù)量詞一律用單數(shù)。
31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.
A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours D three-hours
267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.
A two-thousand-words B two-thousands-word
C two-thousand-word D two-thousands-words
以ly結(jié)尾的不全是副詞; friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.
考試中常見的否定前綴： un-、dis-、in-、im-
56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.
A Dislike B Unlike C Alike D Liking
like vt. 喜歡; dislike vt. 不喜歡，厭惡; unlike prep. 不象
alike adj. adv. 同樣的，相象的; liking n. 愛好，嗜好;
take a liking for喜歡，對產(chǎn)生好感。
III 近義詞含義比較;
44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table.
A artificial B unnatural C false D unreal
unreal adj. 不真實的; Ends justify means 不擇手段;
false adj. 具有欺騙性的，假的，偽造的; false coin/passport/hair，a false tooth/false teeth
unnatural adj. 不自然的，經(jīng)常用來修飾人的行為舉止，表示做作的，矯揉造作的。
artificial adj. 人造人為的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮
54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.
A laziness B poverty C idleness D inability
laziness n. 懶惰; poverty n. 貧窮; poor adj. 貧窮的;
idleness n. 無事可做; inability n. 沒有能力，沒有辦法。
69. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _A_.
A nuisance B trouble C worry D anxiety
invade 進攻，侵略; nuisance n. 令人討厭的東西; trouble n. 煩惱，麻煩，問題;
worry n. 擔(dān)心，發(fā)愁; anxiety n. 焦慮。 What a nuisance. 真是煩。
IV 搭配關(guān)系問題;
extent n. 程度; to... extent 到達程度，在程度之上; extent 只能和to搭配。
object vi. 反對; object + to + 動名詞(動詞的ing形式)。
objection n. 反對; objection + to + 動名詞(動詞的ing形式)。
V 形相近，意相遠;
65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.
A late B last C latter D later
late adj. 晚的，晚于通常時間的; late spring 晚春、暮春; last adj. 最后的，最終的;
later adj. 更晚的(late的比較級)、時間概念后一半的;只適用于表示某個世紀(jì)的后半期;
The later twentieth century. 二十世紀(jì)的后一半。
latter adj. (兩者中)后者的; former adj. (兩者中)前者的;
59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.
A batteries B bargains C baskets D barrels
battery n. 電池; bargain n. 特價商品; Its really a bargain. 你真會買東西，不是說真便宜。
basket n. 籃子; barrel n. 桶; wonderful bargain 物美價廉的商品;bargain v. 討價還價;
53. Remember that customers dont _D_ about prices in that city.
A debate B consult C dispute D bargain
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41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.
A after B with C by D from
cause 事業(yè); be named after 以的名字命名;
42. There were no tickets _D_ for Fridays performance.
A preferable B considerable C possible D available
preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的;
358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.
A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to
具有比較意味的形容詞只要與介詞to搭配即可表示其比較級。 super- 表示在上方，超過
inferior adj. 低于的，劣于 superior adj. 高于的，優(yōu)于 prior adj. 在之前的
Revolutionary War 特指美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭;second adj. 第二的(含有比較意味，也與to搭配)
He is second to none. 首屈一指，無與倫比;
30. Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.
A of B to C with D from
43. It wasnt such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.
A that B which C as D what
such that 如此 以至于 sb + be + ___ + sth 空格處應(yīng)為能加雙賓語的動詞;
加雙賓語的動詞的用法：動詞 + sb + sth(主動形式); sb + be + pp + sth(被動形式);
59. American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
A ignored B neglected C refused D denied
deny v. 否認(rèn)，拒絕;deny sb sth 拒絕給予某人某物;
44. They decided to chase the cow away _C_ it did more damage.
A unless B until C before D although
45. _B_ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.
A Each B Any C Either D One
common sense 常識; each 這個詞在英語中強調(diào)的是個體與眾不同的特點;
any 這個詞強調(diào)的是很多東西在一起的共性; either 兩者之間任何一個;
31. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _C_ chemists.
A each B some C any D certain
46. All _D_ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A what is needed B for our needs C the thing needed D that is needed
當(dāng)all作定語從句的先行詞時，從句只能用that來引導(dǎo); all that = what
47. _A_ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A When compared B Compare C While comparing D Comparing
本題的關(guān)鍵是弄清compare與mountain的關(guān)系; when 可以直接加過去分詞;
before + being + 過去分詞;
44. After _A_ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
A being interviewed B interviewed C interviewing D having interviewed
They lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health.
48. _C_ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.
A That was from Stephen B It was Stephen whom
C It was from Stephen that D It was Stephen that
本題重點是強調(diào)句式; 當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分指人且在句子中作賓語時，其余部分可用whom引導(dǎo);
49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _D_.
A suit B set C one D pair
50. Many new _A_ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.
A opportunities B necessities C realities D probabilities
51. He must have had an accident, or he _A_ then.
A would have been here B had to be here C should be here D would be here
must have + 過去分詞 表示對過去行為的肯定推測;
與過去事態(tài)相反用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 過去分詞 來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣;
must 一定，必須; neednt, dont have to 不必;
53. You _A_ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.
A neednt have done B must not have done
C shouldnt have done D can not have done
should have + 過去分詞 本應(yīng)該，本應(yīng)當(dāng); shouldnt have done本不應(yīng)該，本不應(yīng)當(dāng);
44. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _D_ it.
A mustnt have done B wouldnt have done
C mightnt have done D didnt have to do
52. It was essential that the applications forms _C_ back before the deadline.
A must be sent B would be sent C be sent D were sent
It be essential that 后面一定用虛擬語氣，且句子謂語動詞固定為 + 動詞原型;
It was essential that the applications forms send back before the deadline.
53. We _D_ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A just have had B have just had C just had D had just had
when 還可以表示①剛..就 (有動作先后關(guān)系)、②恰在此時;
44. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _D_ I heard voices.
A as B while C after D when
45. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _C_ something occurred which attracted my attention.
A unless B until C when D while
64. It was essential that these application forms _D_ back as early as possible.
A must be sent B will be sent C are sent D be sent
第2課
非謂語動詞與獨立主格：短語，句子(或者句子，短語)
1.當(dāng)短語部分有獨立主語，并且該主語不同于句子主語，這時短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。
獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)1：名詞(代詞)+ 分詞
現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動的，正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的，已經(jīng)完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關(guān)系來確定是使用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。當(dāng)動作由名詞(代詞)發(fā)出時使用現(xiàn)在分詞，而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。
54. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
49. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別。
獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)2：with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞
36. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
as well as 和(相當(dāng)于and); be encouraged不會考。
動詞不定式有預(yù)示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;
been encouraged 已經(jīng)被鼓勵完了，與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵
2.短語部分沒有獨立主語，則短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)：分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作，則使用現(xiàn)在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出，則使用過去分詞。
43.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞：
第一點：forget 忘記; remember 記得;
這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。
注意：動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
62. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
