考研英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法速成：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可單數(shù)可復(fù)數(shù)情況

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　　1. 就近一致原則

　　這種情況下，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能：

　　1) 由連詞 eitheror neithernor whether ornot onlybut ;or 等連接的并列主語(yǔ)

　　Neither money nor fame has influence on me

　　Not only you but also he is wrong

　　2) 在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后面的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致

　　Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a tall grave-faced policeman.

　　Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.

　　Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili

　　2. 主語(yǔ)帶有(together/along)with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, combined with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語(yǔ)保持一致

　　Professor Taylor , with six of his students ,is attending a conference in Boston organized to compare current practice in the United States with those of other nations.

　　The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.

　　3.關(guān)系代詞做主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要與先行詞一致。如：

　　Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.

　　(1996年考研題)

　　There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the community.

　　(1990年考研題)

　　4.一些表示數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)與名詞連用時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于名詞的數(shù)，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，反之就用單數(shù)。這些短語(yǔ)包括：a lot of /lots of; plenty of/heaps of; half of; two-third of; eighty percent; part of; rest of ; none of 等等

　　Two-thirds of people present are women

　　Lots of damage was caused by the fire

　　5.集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)表示的意思和數(shù)，當(dāng)表示整體時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的個(gè)體時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)。這些集體名詞如：army, audience, band ,government ,group ,flock, police, public ,staff ,team ,troop. Crowd, firm, family 等等

　　The family is the basic unit of our society

　　The family were watching the TV

　　The audience was enormous

　　The audience were greatly moved at the words

　　6.某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)：

　　第一組：

　　a great many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)

　　a number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)

　　the majority of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)

　　第二組;

　　the number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

　　each/every + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

　　neither/either of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

　　one and a half + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

　　第三組;

　　more than one + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) many a + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

　　第四組;

　　the greater part of a large proportion of 50% of one third of plenty of the rest of

　　謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)與of 后面的名詞一致

　　第五組;

　　eitheror. not only.. but also not ..but

　　謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)的第二部分(即or/ but also/ but引導(dǎo)的后面部分)一致.

　　注意比較：

　　More students than one have been referred to

　　More than one student is going to buy this