職稱英語《綜合類》考試語法講解:狀語從句
狀語從句:
所謂狀語從句,是指用來說明主句行為發生的時間、原因、條件、地點、目的、結果及方式等。
1) 時間狀語從句:
記住以下連接詞的意思和重點:
when / while / as
注意:while除了做時間狀語的連接詞外,還解釋為雖然,而.
例如:He is very diligent, while she is very lazy.
before 在之前
until / not until注意:not until放在句首時,往往要求倒裝
as soon as / once
immediately / instantly / directly 原本是副詞,這里作連接詞,表示一就,
例如: I knew I had made a mistake directly I had done it.
the moment / each time / every time / next time / the first time / the instant / the year原本是名詞或副詞,這里作連接詞用。
hardly when / no soonerthan一就
注意:這是時間狀語考試的重點句型,一是不要把兩個句型中的when和than的搭配搞錯了,二是要用倒裝語序。
例如:
Hardly had I sat down when the telephone rang.
重點:在時間狀語中,用一般時代替將來時。
例如:
Well start as soon as the leader ______.
A.comes B.is coming C.will come D.came
根據英語時態一致性原則,主句與從句的時態應一致,答案似乎應該是B或C,但是正確答案是A,因為在時間狀語中,用一般時代替將來時。將上句改為過去時,道理也一樣:
He said we would start as soon as the leader _____.
A.came B.was coming C.would come D.comes
答案應為A
2) 條件狀語從句:
分真實條件句和非真實條件句
重點:在條件狀語中,用一般時代替將來時
虛擬語氣
主要連接詞:
if / unless
例如:
Children should not be taken into the room of a very sick person ______ there is some special reason for it.
A.except B. besides C. unless D.whereas
解題思路:根據上面說過的連接原則,這里必須是一個連接詞,而A,B都是介詞,因此正確答案只能在C,D中選。whereas意為而,故正確答案為C.
provided / on condition that 知道這也是連接詞就可以了,一般說,當考題中出現這種詞時,應傾向選擇。
3) 原因狀語從句:
主要連接詞:because/ since / as
要點:不要把連接詞 because與介詞短語because of 相混淆;
不要把表示原因的since與表示時間的since自從相混淆;
不要把表示原因的as與表示時間的as隨著相混淆;
順便提一下, because表示直接因果關系,而since, as 是對事實的說明,主句和從句之間并不一定具有因果關系.
例如:
As you are already 18 years old, you should know what to do and what not to do.
這個句子用because連接就不太合適。好在軍隊職稱考試中并不要求作這種分辨。
for 注意:一般只能放在主句后面,即主句 + for從句,例如:
He must have gone to bed, for it is too late. 該句不能用because
now that / seeing that / considering that
Seeing that this problem was settled, they proceeded to the next one. n
in that一般放在主句后面,例如:
Humans are superior to animals in that they can use languages as a tool to communicate.
狀語從句:
所謂狀語從句,是指用來說明主句行為發生的時間、原因、條件、地點、目的、結果及方式等。
1) 時間狀語從句:
記住以下連接詞的意思和重點:
when / while / as
注意:while除了做時間狀語的連接詞外,還解釋為雖然,而.
例如:He is very diligent, while she is very lazy.
before 在之前
until / not until注意:not until放在句首時,往往要求倒裝
as soon as / once
immediately / instantly / directly 原本是副詞,這里作連接詞,表示一就,
例如: I knew I had made a mistake directly I had done it.
the moment / each time / every time / next time / the first time / the instant / the year原本是名詞或副詞,這里作連接詞用。
hardly when / no soonerthan一就
注意:這是時間狀語考試的重點句型,一是不要把兩個句型中的when和than的搭配搞錯了,二是要用倒裝語序。
例如:
Hardly had I sat down when the telephone rang.
重點:在時間狀語中,用一般時代替將來時。
例如:
Well start as soon as the leader ______.
A.comes B.is coming C.will come D.came
根據英語時態一致性原則,主句與從句的時態應一致,答案似乎應該是B或C,但是正確答案是A,因為在時間狀語中,用一般時代替將來時。將上句改為過去時,道理也一樣:
He said we would start as soon as the leader _____.
A.came B.was coming C.would come D.comes
答案應為A
2) 條件狀語從句:
分真實條件句和非真實條件句
重點:在條件狀語中,用一般時代替將來時
虛擬語氣
主要連接詞:
if / unless
例如:
Children should not be taken into the room of a very sick person ______ there is some special reason for it.
A.except B. besides C. unless D.whereas
解題思路:根據上面說過的連接原則,這里必須是一個連接詞,而A,B都是介詞,因此正確答案只能在C,D中選。whereas意為而,故正確答案為C.
provided / on condition that 知道這也是連接詞就可以了,一般說,當考題中出現這種詞時,應傾向選擇。
3) 原因狀語從句:
主要連接詞:because/ since / as
要點:不要把連接詞 because與介詞短語because of 相混淆;
不要把表示原因的since與表示時間的since自從相混淆;
不要把表示原因的as與表示時間的as隨著相混淆;
順便提一下, because表示直接因果關系,而since, as 是對事實的說明,主句和從句之間并不一定具有因果關系.
例如:
As you are already 18 years old, you should know what to do and what not to do.
這個句子用because連接就不太合適。好在軍隊職稱考試中并不要求作這種分辨。
for 注意:一般只能放在主句后面,即主句 + for從句,例如:
He must have gone to bed, for it is too late. 該句不能用because
now that / seeing that / considering that
Seeing that this problem was settled, they proceeded to the next one. n
in that一般放在主句后面,例如:
Humans are superior to animals in that they can use languages as a tool to communicate.