2024年職稱英語(yǔ)考試試題及答案-綜合類C
第二部分：閱讀判斷(第16~22題，每題1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
Brotherly Love
Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.
Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.
Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, You cannot play sports wearing shoes that youd walk around town with. So they started making their own. In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(釘)，produced on the Dasslers kitchen table.
On lst July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germanys athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.
But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women. The result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas.
Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat. The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.
After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called My Adidas and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company.
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees dont talk to each other.
16. Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
【參考答案】：B
17. The brothers father was a ball maker.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
【參考答案】：B
18. The brothers make shoes at home.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
【參考答案】：A
19. The brothers argued about the shoes.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
【參考答案】：B
20. The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
【參考答案】：A
21. Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
【參考答案】：C
22. People in town have forgotten their argument.
【參考答案】：B
第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30題，每題1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題;(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Who Built Gizas Pyramids(金字塔)
1 For centuries, the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them? For years, we did not know for sure. But archeologists(考古學(xué)家)recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids. Close by, there was also a cemetery(墓地)where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners. Ordinary Egyptians built them.
2 It took about eighty years to build the pyramids. According to archeologists, about 20,000-30,000 people were involved in completing the task. The workers had different roles. Some dug up the rock, some moved it, and some shaped it into blocks. People also worked on different teams, each with its own name. On a wall in Khufus Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote Friends of Khufu. Teams often competed to do a job faster.
3 Life for these workers was hard. We can see that in their skeletons(骨架), says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery. The bones show signs of arthritis(關(guān)節(jié)炎), which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time. Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery. The damage to their bones is similar to the mens. Their lives may have been even tougher: male workers lived to age 40-45, but women to only 30-35. However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt.
4 The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work. lts because they were not just building the tomb of their king, says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.
23. Paragraph 1___A___
24. Paragraph 2___C___
25. Paragraph 3___D___
26. Paragraph 4___E___
A. Builders of the pyramids
B. Egyptian slaves
C. Pyramid builders jobs
D. Pyramid builders tough lives
E. An important national project
F. Female pyramid builders: the challenges
27. The pyramids of Giza were built ___F___
28. To build the pyramids, the workers had different roles and worked ___C___
29. Both men and women workers suffered from arthritis which developed ___B___
30. The pyramid builders were proud ___E___
A. of their king
B. from taking heavy things
C. on different teams
D. by foreigners
E. of their work
F. by ordinary Egyptians
The Changing Middle Class
The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges.1 It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing，more and more people owned their own homes，workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them，and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor，but they could become rich. Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility. In other words，they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.
The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine ones own economic fate. In addition，middle class morality embraces principles of individual responsibility，importance of family, obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneself. 2
But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. A U. S.News World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet 3. Both spouses now worked，as did some of thechildren; long commutes became routine; the need for child care put strains on4 the family; and public schools were not as good as they once were. Members of the middle cIass were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat. The understanding ofjust what middle class meant was changing.
詞匯：
designation /dezignei??n/ n. 稱號(hào) commute /k?mju:t/ n. 上下班路程
mobility /m?ubil?ti/ n. 流動(dòng)性
注釋：
1. However，middle c1ass is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges. 然而，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)既不是一個(gè)真實(shí)的稱號(hào)，也不會(huì)帶來(lái)特別待遇。
2. In addition，middle-c1ass morality embraces principles of individual responsibility，importance of family，obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneslf. 另外，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的道德觀包括個(gè)人的責(zé)任感、家庭的重要性、對(duì)他人的使命感以及相信自我以外的事物。
3. make ends meet：收支相抵，維持生活
4. put strains on：帶來(lái)壓力
練習(xí)：
1. The information in this passage deals with_______.
A) an individual
B) a social and economic group
C) a political organization
D) government
2. A common middle class value is that________.
A) people should always have fun
B) children should be seen and not heard
C) debt is nothing to worry about
D) the family is very important
3. ln the years after World War II，the middle class could be defined as_______.
A) overburdened and in debt
B) hard working and suspicious
C) prosperous and optimistic
D) young and foolish
4. The phrase In other words in the first paragraph means that the following statement is_____.
A) an exception to the previous idea
B) a denial of the previous idea
C) a restatement of the previous idea
D) a contrasting idea
5. The word collectively means______.
A) as a group
B) hesitatingly
C) unknowingly
D) weakly
答案與題解：
1. B 本題的問(wèn)題是：本文的信息是關(guān)于?本文通篇講述美國(guó)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)，指的是社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)群體，因此選擇B。
2. D本題的問(wèn)題是：一個(gè)普遍的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)價(jià)值觀是?本篇第二段最后一句話講到，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的道德觀包括個(gè)人的責(zé)任感、家庭的重要性、對(duì)他人的使命感以及相信自我以外的事物。A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不包括在內(nèi)，因此正確答案是D。
3. C 本題的問(wèn)題是：在二戰(zhàn)之后的幾年，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)可以被定義為，本篇第一段提到了當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷增長(zhǎng)并且人們生活水平有了提高，因此選擇C選項(xiàng)，繁榮并且樂(lè)觀。
4. C 本題的問(wèn)題是：第一段中的ln other words這個(gè)短語(yǔ)與下列說(shuō)法一致的是，In other words漢語(yǔ)意思是換句話來(lái)說(shuō)，因此正確答案是C。
5. A 本題的問(wèn)題是：?jiǎn)卧~collectively的漢語(yǔ)意思是相同地，選擇A。
Puerto Rican Cuisine(菜肴)
Puerto Rico, a Caribbean (加勒比海區(qū)) island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own. Immigration(移民) to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it. However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico. Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents (嚙齒動(dòng)物), fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.
Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves. Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes. The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island. Africans also added to the islands food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes. In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous for - coffee, coconuts, and oranges - was actually imported by foreigners to the island.
A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy(辛辣的). lts true that chili peppers are popular; aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy. However, milder(微辣的) tastes are popular too, such as sofrito. As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, and a handful of other spices. It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.
36、who lived in Puerto Rico first
A.the Africans
B.the Spanish
C.the Americans
D.the Taino people
【參考答案】：D
37、In the first paragraph the word it refers to
A.immigration
B.Caribbean history
C.the islands natural beauty
D.Puerto Rican cuisine
【參考答案】：D
38、what is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A.Taino dishes are important in Puerto Rican cooking
B.Food imported by foreigners isnt really Puerto Rican
C.Puerto Rican cooking has many outside influences
D.African foods have probably had the most influence
【參考答案】：C
39、How is sofrito used?
A.It is eaten before meals
B.It is added to other dishes
C.It is used where foods are too spicy
D.It is eaten as a main dish
【參考答案】：B
40、 which of the following is NOT true?
A.softito is a type of extremely spicy food
B.Many people think Puerto Rican food is spicy
C.Puerto Rican cuisine uses a lot of chili peppers
D.Aij caballero is a type of chile pepper
【參考答案】：A
The Changing Middle Class
The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges(特權(quán)). It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing，more and more people owned their own homes，workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them，and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor，but they could become rich. Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility. In other words，they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.
The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine ones own economic fate. In addition, middle-class morality(道德觀) embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family, obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneself.
But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. A U. S. News World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet . Both spouses now worked, as did some of the children; long commutes became routine; the need for child care put strains on the family; and public schools were not as good as they once were. Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat. The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.
41. This passage gives information about
A. a social and economic group.
B. an individual.
C. a political organization.
D. a government department.
【參考答案】：A
42. In the years after World War II, the middle class were
A. overburdened and in debt.
B. hard working and doubtful.
