新概念英語第二冊語法精解：主謂一致
知識要點：
在英語的句子中，謂語動詞的形式應與主語的人稱和數保持一致。如何判定，則要看句子的意思。多數情況下，根據句子的主語形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強調的內容。下面我們就常用的、易混的幾種情況作一下解釋。還未學習過主謂一致上篇的同學戳此去看哦>>
12、有些集體名詞如family, team, group, class, audience(聽眾，觀眾), government等作主語時，如看作是一個整體，謂語動詞則用單數形式;如強調各個成員時，謂語動詞要用復數形式。如：
1)My family is going to have a long journey. 我家要進行一次長途旅行。
2)My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜歡音樂。
3)The class has won the honour. 這班獲得了榮譽。
4)The class were jumping for joy. 全班同學都高興得跳了起來。
13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主語時，既可表示復數意義，也可表示單數意義，謂語動詞要根據實際情況而定。如：
1)All of the apple is rotten. 整個蘋果都爛了。
2)All of the apples are rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。
3)Most of the wood was used to make furniture(家具)。
14、the + 形容詞(或分詞)作主語時，常指一類人，謂語動詞用復數形式。如指的是抽象概念，謂語動詞則用單數形式。如：
1)The young are usually very active. 年輕人通常是很活躍的。
2)The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 現在傷病員們在這里受到了很好照顧。
15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)連接的是主語，謂語動詞與后一個主語一致。如：
1)Either you or I am going to the movies.
2)Not only you but also he is wrong.
16、不可數名詞沒有復數形式，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。如：
1)Water is a kind of matter.
2)The news at six o’clock is true.
17、集合名詞如：people, police, cattle等作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式。如：
1)The police are searching for him.
2)The cattle are grassing(吃草).
18、population當人口講時，謂語動詞用單數形式;當人們講時，謂語動詞用復數。如：
1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
2)One third of the population here are workers.
19、the number of + 名詞復數，是表示“……的數字”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式;a (large/great) number of + 名詞復數，表示許多，作主語時;謂語動詞用復數形式。
1)The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.
2)A number of students have gone for an outing.
20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
【專項訓練】
1、Nothing but cars ______ in the shop.
A.is sold B.are sold C.were sold D.are going to sell
2、No one except Jack and Tom ______ the answer.
A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.are known
3、Seventy percent of the students in our school ______ from the countryside.
A.is B.are C.comes D.are coming
4、______ of the money ______ used up.
A.Three-five, are B.Three-fifths, have been
C.Three-fifths, has been D.Third-fifths, is
5、The number of the people who ______ cars ______ increasing.
A.owns, are B.owns, is C.own, is D.own, are
6、One of Marx’s works ______ written in English in the 1860s.
A.was B.were C.would be D.are
7、The sheets for your bed ______ washing.
A.needs B.are needing C.want D.are wanting
8、On each side of the street ______ a lot of trees.
A.stands B.grow C.is standing D.are grown
9、Some person ______ calling for you at the gate.
A.are B.is C.is being D.will be
10、All that can be eaten ______ eaten up.
A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been
KEYS
1、A 因有連詞but，所以謂語形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人稱單數。見講解4。
2、B 見講解4。
3、B 見講解2。
4、C 見講解16。
5、C 定語從句看被修飾的先行詞：the number of作主語用單數形式。見講解9，19。
6、A 見講解1。
7、C 見講解2。
8、B 倒裝句，要看后面的主語。見講解3。
9、B some person指“某人”是第三人稱單數。見講解13。
10、B 主語"all"指的是"food"，所以代不可數名詞，是第三人稱單數。見講解13。
知識要點：
在英語的句子中，謂語動詞的形式應與主語的人稱和數保持一致。如何判定，則要看句子的意思。多數情況下，根據句子的主語形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強調的內容。下面我們就常用的、易混的幾種情況作一下解釋。還未學習過主謂一致上篇的同學戳此去看哦>>
12、有些集體名詞如family, team, group, class, audience(聽眾，觀眾), government等作主語時，如看作是一個整體，謂語動詞則用單數形式;如強調各個成員時，謂語動詞要用復數形式。如：
1)My family is going to have a long journey. 我家要進行一次長途旅行。
2)My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜歡音樂。
3)The class has won the honour. 這班獲得了榮譽。
4)The class were jumping for joy. 全班同學都高興得跳了起來。
13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主語時，既可表示復數意義，也可表示單數意義，謂語動詞要根據實際情況而定。如：
1)All of the apple is rotten. 整個蘋果都爛了。
2)All of the apples are rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。
3)Most of the wood was used to make furniture(家具)。
14、the + 形容詞(或分詞)作主語時，常指一類人，謂語動詞用復數形式。如指的是抽象概念，謂語動詞則用單數形式。如：
1)The young are usually very active. 年輕人通常是很活躍的。
2)The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 現在傷病員們在這里受到了很好照顧。
15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)連接的是主語，謂語動詞與后一個主語一致。如：
1)Either you or I am going to the movies.
2)Not only you but also he is wrong.
16、不可數名詞沒有復數形式，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。如：
1)Water is a kind of matter.
2)The news at six o’clock is true.
17、集合名詞如：people, police, cattle等作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式。如：
1)The police are searching for him.
2)The cattle are grassing(吃草).
18、population當人口講時，謂語動詞用單數形式;當人們講時，謂語動詞用復數。如：
1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
2)One third of the population here are workers.
19、the number of + 名詞復數，是表示“……的數字”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式;a (large/great) number of + 名詞復數，表示許多，作主語時;謂語動詞用復數形式。
1)The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.
2)A number of students have gone for an outing.
20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
【專項訓練】
1、Nothing but cars ______ in the shop.
A.is sold B.are sold C.were sold D.are going to sell
2、No one except Jack and Tom ______ the answer.
A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.are known
3、Seventy percent of the students in our school ______ from the countryside.
A.is B.are C.comes D.are coming
4、______ of the money ______ used up.
A.Three-five, are B.Three-fifths, have been
C.Three-fifths, has been D.Third-fifths, is
5、The number of the people who ______ cars ______ increasing.
A.owns, are B.owns, is C.own, is D.own, are
6、One of Marx’s works ______ written in English in the 1860s.
A.was B.were C.would be D.are
7、The sheets for your bed ______ washing.
A.needs B.are needing C.want D.are wanting
8、On each side of the street ______ a lot of trees.
A.stands B.grow C.is standing D.are grown
9、Some person ______ calling for you at the gate.
A.are B.is C.is being D.will be
10、All that can be eaten ______ eaten up.
A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been
KEYS
1、A 因有連詞but，所以謂語形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人稱單數。見講解4。
2、B 見講解4。
3、B 見講解2。
4、C 見講解16。
5、C 定語從句看被修飾的先行詞：the number of作主語用單數形式。見講解9，19。
6、A 見講解1。
7、C 見講解2。
8、B 倒裝句，要看后面的主語。見講解3。
9、B some person指“某人”是第三人稱單數。見講解13。
10、B 主語"all"指的是"food"，所以代不可數名詞，是第三人稱單數。見講解13。
