【人教版新課標(biāo)通用】2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)活頁練習(xí)：3-5 Word版含答案
Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1．—You seemed to be very surprised at the news that he won.
—Not exactly. It was his courage________his skill________really struck me.
A．a(chǎn)s well as; that
B．other than; that
C．rather than; which
D．a(chǎn)nd; which
解析 考查短語辨析和固定句式。other than除了；不同于；as well as與……一樣；也；rather than而不是。It was...that...構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。
答案 B
2．The government has taken measures to________the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A．take down
B．bring down
C．hand down
D．tear down
解析 考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)“取下；寫下；拆除”；B項(xiàng)“擊落；降低(價(jià)格等)”；C項(xiàng)“傳遞”；D項(xiàng)“拆除；弄倒”。
答案 B
3．It was Mr Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. Without his help, we________it so easily.
A．can't manage
B．mustn't have managed
C．couldn't have managed
D．couldn't manage
解析 考查虛擬語氣。句意：是張先生幫我們擺脫了困境。要是沒有他的幫助，我們就不可能這么輕易完成。
答案 C
4．When I study English, I like to put my dictionary________my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.
A．out of
B．beyond
C．within
D．in
解析 考查介詞搭配。within one's reach在某人能夠得著的地方或范圍內(nèi)。句意：當(dāng)我學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí)，我喜歡把字典放在能夠得著的地方以便需要時(shí)隨時(shí)查閱。
答案 C
5．Before you________the design of this product, you need to study the market carefully.
A．memorise
B．confirm
C．order
D．express
解析 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。memorise記憶；記住；confirm批準(zhǔn)；確認(rèn)；order命令；express表達(dá)；表示。
答案 B
6．With a lot of difficult problems________，the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks.
A．settling
B．to settle
C．being settled
D．settled
解析 句意：因?yàn)橛性S多難題要解決，經(jīng)理感覺像熱鍋上的螞蟻。“with＋賓語＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語表將來，實(shí)際上此題中的with結(jié)構(gòu)就相當(dāng)于with a lot of difficult problems for him to settle，所以盡管settle和problems之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，仍用主動(dòng)形式。
答案 B
7．________by all his grandchildren，the old man was delighted.
A．Surrounded
B．Surrounding
C．To be surrounded
D．To be surrounding
解析 surround與the old man之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的，所以此題應(yīng)用surround的過去分詞作狀語。
答案 A
8．He spent at least as much time reading as you________online yesterday.
A．had to chat
B．do chatting
C．had chatted
D．did chatting
解析 此句補(bǔ)充完整為：He spent at least as much time reading as you spent chatting online yesterday.因?yàn)榍懊嬉殉霈F(xiàn)了一次you spent...，為了避免重復(fù)，所以用did代替；spend的用法是：spend time(in)doing sth，所以選用D項(xiàng)。
答案 D
9．The news came________many provinces in the south of our country had been caught in a big flood.
A．whether
B．why
C．that
D．what
解析 句意：我國南方很多省份遭遇洪水的消息傳開了。that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，修飾先行詞news。
答案 C
10．Growing coin doesn't need________growing rice.
A．a(chǎn)s much water
B．much as water
C．a(chǎn)s much water as
D．a(chǎn)s much as water
解析 as much as經(jīng)常與不可數(shù)名詞連用，一般來說名詞要放在much的后面。
答案 C
11．—What does he want to do after he finishes middle school?
—He has made up his mind to join the army rather than________to college.
A．going
B．go
C．went
D．goes
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。rather than連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to。
答案 B
12．—Peter，where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
—We________busy with our work for months，so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A．were
B．have been
C．had been
D．will be
解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。我們?nèi)ズ＿叞l(fā)生在過去，而我們忙于工作在此之前。因此用過去完成時(shí)。
答案 C
13．The Great Wall of China is like a huge dragon，winding its way________deserts，________valleys，________mountains until it finally reaches the sea.
A．a(chǎn)cross；through；over
B．through；across；over
C．over；across；through
D．over；through；across
解析 考查介詞。across橫過，穿過；over從某一物體上方越過；through穿過，從……中通過。
答案 A
14．Along with the letter was his promise________he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A．which
B．that
C．what
D．whether
解析 考查名詞性從句。that引導(dǎo)的從句說明的是promise的內(nèi)容，因此是同位語從句，that在句中不作成分。
答案 B
15．Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A．where
B．that
C．why
D．when
解析 考查狀語從句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
答案 D
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
Rather than using cellphones to just snap photos of friends or the occasional celebrity sighting, phone users in California may get the chance to track levels of harmful black soot near their workplaces and homes.
Tech companies created a simple circular filter that darkens over time as it absorbs black soot. Anyone with a basic cell phone camera can take a picture of the filter next to a calibration chart (校準(zhǔn)圖表) that reflects different black soot pollution levels－ no smart phones required.
“We don't need a fancy app for this,_because we just need to be able to e-mail it or SMS it to our system，” said Martin Lukac, a co-founder of the nonprofit Nexleaf Analytics.
Sending the photo via e-mail to an online database allows the cellphone user to get back into about black soot concentration.
The power of that information is that it reflects the individual's exposure to air pollution.
If Nexleaf can get the funding, a select starting group of Californians could track local black soot levels wherever they go during a normal day—local bus stops, community centers, schools or playgrounds.
The nonprofit could also create apps for iPhone or
Android users. But Nexleaf intentionally began with the
low-tech solution for the sake of cellphone users in developing countries.
Regular cooking stoves and other burners of biomass create much of the black soot in developing countries such as India. By contrast, diesel engines in vehicles such as trucks and buses represent the main black
soot culprits in California and the United States—even
if California clean air law has reduced black soot in the
state in the past two decades.
Nexleaf’s filters have already been sent to India. There they helped an effort supported by U. N. called
Project Surya monitor the black soot levels from cleanerburning cooking stoves that were distributed to 500
households.
The darkening Nexleaf filters also gave a clear
warning sign to Indian women about the health danger
of their regular cooking stoves. When they saw the junk
they were breathing in, they were all asking for our
cleaner-burning cooking stoves.
【語篇解讀】 加利福尼亞州的人們現(xiàn)在可以用他們的手機(jī)來測量自己所處的位置的空氣的污染程度了。
1．The underlined word“this”in Paragraph 3 refers to________.
A．sending e-mails to an online database
B．tracking levels of harmful black soot
C．taking a picture of air in workplaces
D．a(chǎn)bsorbing black soot in the air
解析 代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段中的“track levels of harmful black soot”可知，第一段講的是利用手機(jī)來獲取空氣的污染程度，第二段講到一個(gè)帶有照相機(jī)的普通手機(jī)就可以為空氣的污染程度拍照，接著第三段講到，我們不需要昂貴的裝置來獲取有關(guān)空氣的污染程度的信息，下文講到了原因以及其體的操作流程。
答案 B
2．Why were cellphone users asked to collect information on black soot?
A．To collect data for scientists to make research.
B．To pay attention to its role in changing climate.
C．To realize how seriously they suffer air pollution.
D．To find way of dealing with air pullution.
解析 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。結(jié)合第四段中的“The power of that information is that it reflects the individual's exposure to air pollution”可知答案為C。
答案 C
3．Nexleaf Analytics helps India by giving Indians________.
A．burners of biomass
B．iPhones
C．cellphones
D．cleaner-burning cooking stoves
解析 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“cleaner-burning cooking stoves that were distributed to 500 households”以及最后一段中的“they were all asking for our cleaner-burning cooking stoves”可知這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)給印度的一些家庭分發(fā)了清潔燃燒爐子。
答案 D
4．Indian women asked for cleaner-burning cooking stoves because they________.
A．knew the health danger of their regular cooking stoves
B．had to obey the clean air law in India
C．needn't pay for the cleaner-burning cooking stoves
D．found it convenient to use the new stoves
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從最后一段中的“When they saw the junk they were breathing in...”可知答案為A。
答案 A
Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)
目前，我國高中學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)困難的現(xiàn)象很嚴(yán)重，因此，一位即將進(jìn)入高中學(xué)習(xí)的女生寫信向外籍教師(Bruce)請教。請你根據(jù)信的內(nèi)容和寫作要點(diǎn)代替Bruce寫封回信。
Dear Bruce，
I'm writing to ask you for advice on how to avoid becoming a poor English learner in high school.It's said that some students who were not so bad at English in the junior grow poor in it in high school.How I want to remain a good English learner in future！What should I do to achieve my aim？Thank you!
Looking forward to your reply!
Best wishes!
Li Hong
寫作要點(diǎn)：
1．告訴Li Hong她所聽說的英語學(xué)習(xí)困難的情況確實(shí)存在，但大多數(shù)的高中英語學(xué)習(xí)困難生都是初中英語成績太差的學(xué)生；
2．就如何防止高中英語學(xué)習(xí)困難現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生給Li Hong提出建議。
`樹立高中能學(xué)好英語的信心； 根據(jù)高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合身邊學(xué)習(xí)有困難的學(xué)生的不足，另提兩條建議。
利用高中開學(xué)前的時(shí)間復(fù)習(xí)初中所學(xué)內(nèi)容；
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Li Hong，
Your letter reached me this morning.Now I'd like to share my opinion with you.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely hoping you can benefit from the above and will be a successful high school English learner.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Bruce
【參考范文】
Dear_Li_Hong，
Your_letter_reached_me_this_morning.Now_I'd_like_to_share_my_opinion_with_you.
Yes，some high school poor English learners really got good English scores in the junior，but most are those who were too bad at English at that time.So don't
be afraid of falling behind in future.Here are some tips for you.
First of all，be confident that you can learn English well in the senior.Also，review the knowledge learned in the junior before the new school life begins.Besides，make necessary mental preparations for the hard learning in the senior.With more difficult English textbooks，you should preview the text and review in time what has been learned，especially the new words.
Sincerely_hoping_you_can_benefit_from_the_above_and_will_be_a_successful_high_school_English_learner.
Best_wishes!
Yours，
Bruce
Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1．—You seemed to be very surprised at the news that he won.
—Not exactly. It was his courage________his skill________really struck me.
A．a(chǎn)s well as; that
B．other than; that
C．rather than; which
D．a(chǎn)nd; which
解析 考查短語辨析和固定句式。other than除了；不同于；as well as與……一樣；也；rather than而不是。It was...that...構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。
答案 B
2．The government has taken measures to________the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A．take down
B．bring down
C．hand down
D．tear down
解析 考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)“取下；寫下；拆除”；B項(xiàng)“擊落；降低(價(jià)格等)”；C項(xiàng)“傳遞”；D項(xiàng)“拆除；弄倒”。
答案 B
3．It was Mr Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. Without his help, we________it so easily.
A．can't manage
B．mustn't have managed
C．couldn't have managed
D．couldn't manage
解析 考查虛擬語氣。句意：是張先生幫我們擺脫了困境。要是沒有他的幫助，我們就不可能這么輕易完成。
答案 C
4．When I study English, I like to put my dictionary________my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.
A．out of
B．beyond
C．within
D．in
解析 考查介詞搭配。within one's reach在某人能夠得著的地方或范圍內(nèi)。句意：當(dāng)我學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí)，我喜歡把字典放在能夠得著的地方以便需要時(shí)隨時(shí)查閱。
答案 C
5．Before you________the design of this product, you need to study the market carefully.
A．memorise
B．confirm
C．order
D．express
解析 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。memorise記憶；記住；confirm批準(zhǔn)；確認(rèn)；order命令；express表達(dá)；表示。
答案 B
6．With a lot of difficult problems________，the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks.
A．settling
B．to settle
C．being settled
D．settled
解析 句意：因?yàn)橛性S多難題要解決，經(jīng)理感覺像熱鍋上的螞蟻。“with＋賓語＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語表將來，實(shí)際上此題中的with結(jié)構(gòu)就相當(dāng)于with a lot of difficult problems for him to settle，所以盡管settle和problems之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，仍用主動(dòng)形式。
答案 B
7．________by all his grandchildren，the old man was delighted.
A．Surrounded
B．Surrounding
C．To be surrounded
D．To be surrounding
解析 surround與the old man之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的，所以此題應(yīng)用surround的過去分詞作狀語。
答案 A
8．He spent at least as much time reading as you________online yesterday.
A．had to chat
B．do chatting
C．had chatted
D．did chatting
解析 此句補(bǔ)充完整為：He spent at least as much time reading as you spent chatting online yesterday.因?yàn)榍懊嬉殉霈F(xiàn)了一次you spent...，為了避免重復(fù)，所以用did代替；spend的用法是：spend time(in)doing sth，所以選用D項(xiàng)。
答案 D
9．The news came________many provinces in the south of our country had been caught in a big flood.
A．whether
B．why
C．that
D．what
解析 句意：我國南方很多省份遭遇洪水的消息傳開了。that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，修飾先行詞news。
答案 C
10．Growing coin doesn't need________growing rice.
A．a(chǎn)s much water
B．much as water
C．a(chǎn)s much water as
D．a(chǎn)s much as water
解析 as much as經(jīng)常與不可數(shù)名詞連用，一般來說名詞要放在much的后面。
答案 C
11．—What does he want to do after he finishes middle school?
—He has made up his mind to join the army rather than________to college.
A．going
B．go
C．went
D．goes
解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。rather than連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to。
答案 B
12．—Peter，where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
—We________busy with our work for months，so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A．were
B．have been
C．had been
D．will be
解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。我們?nèi)ズ＿叞l(fā)生在過去，而我們忙于工作在此之前。因此用過去完成時(shí)。
答案 C
13．The Great Wall of China is like a huge dragon，winding its way________deserts，________valleys，________mountains until it finally reaches the sea.
A．a(chǎn)cross；through；over
B．through；across；over
C．over；across；through
D．over；through；across
解析 考查介詞。across橫過，穿過；over從某一物體上方越過；through穿過，從……中通過。
答案 A
14．Along with the letter was his promise________he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A．which
B．that
C．what
D．whether
解析 考查名詞性從句。that引導(dǎo)的從句說明的是promise的內(nèi)容，因此是同位語從句，that在句中不作成分。
答案 B
15．Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A．where
B．that
C．why
D．when
解析 考查狀語從句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
答案 D
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
Rather than using cellphones to just snap photos of friends or the occasional celebrity sighting, phone users in California may get the chance to track levels of harmful black soot near their workplaces and homes.
Tech companies created a simple circular filter that darkens over time as it absorbs black soot. Anyone with a basic cell phone camera can take a picture of the filter next to a calibration chart (校準(zhǔn)圖表) that reflects different black soot pollution levels－ no smart phones required.
“We don't need a fancy app for this,_because we just need to be able to e-mail it or SMS it to our system，” said Martin Lukac, a co-founder of the nonprofit Nexleaf Analytics.
Sending the photo via e-mail to an online database allows the cellphone user to get back into about black soot concentration.
The power of that information is that it reflects the individual's exposure to air pollution.
If Nexleaf can get the funding, a select starting group of Californians could track local black soot levels wherever they go during a normal day—local bus stops, community centers, schools or playgrounds.
The nonprofit could also create apps for iPhone or
Android users. But Nexleaf intentionally began with the
low-tech solution for the sake of cellphone users in developing countries.
Regular cooking stoves and other burners of biomass create much of the black soot in developing countries such as India. By contrast, diesel engines in vehicles such as trucks and buses represent the main black
soot culprits in California and the United States—even
if California clean air law has reduced black soot in the
state in the past two decades.
Nexleaf’s filters have already been sent to India. There they helped an effort supported by U. N. called
Project Surya monitor the black soot levels from cleanerburning cooking stoves that were distributed to 500
households.
The darkening Nexleaf filters also gave a clear
warning sign to Indian women about the health danger
of their regular cooking stoves. When they saw the junk
they were breathing in, they were all asking for our
cleaner-burning cooking stoves.
【語篇解讀】 加利福尼亞州的人們現(xiàn)在可以用他們的手機(jī)來測量自己所處的位置的空氣的污染程度了。
1．The underlined word“this”in Paragraph 3 refers to________.
A．sending e-mails to an online database
B．tracking levels of harmful black soot
C．taking a picture of air in workplaces
D．a(chǎn)bsorbing black soot in the air
解析 代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段中的“track levels of harmful black soot”可知，第一段講的是利用手機(jī)來獲取空氣的污染程度，第二段講到一個(gè)帶有照相機(jī)的普通手機(jī)就可以為空氣的污染程度拍照，接著第三段講到，我們不需要昂貴的裝置來獲取有關(guān)空氣的污染程度的信息，下文講到了原因以及其體的操作流程。
答案 B
2．Why were cellphone users asked to collect information on black soot?
A．To collect data for scientists to make research.
B．To pay attention to its role in changing climate.
C．To realize how seriously they suffer air pollution.
D．To find way of dealing with air pullution.
解析 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。結(jié)合第四段中的“The power of that information is that it reflects the individual's exposure to air pollution”可知答案為C。
答案 C
3．Nexleaf Analytics helps India by giving Indians________.
A．burners of biomass
B．iPhones
C．cellphones
D．cleaner-burning cooking stoves
解析 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“cleaner-burning cooking stoves that were distributed to 500 households”以及最后一段中的“they were all asking for our cleaner-burning cooking stoves”可知這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)給印度的一些家庭分發(fā)了清潔燃燒爐子。
答案 D
4．Indian women asked for cleaner-burning cooking stoves because they________.
A．knew the health danger of their regular cooking stoves
B．had to obey the clean air law in India
C．needn't pay for the cleaner-burning cooking stoves
D．found it convenient to use the new stoves
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從最后一段中的“When they saw the junk they were breathing in...”可知答案為A。
答案 A
Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)
目前，我國高中學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)困難的現(xiàn)象很嚴(yán)重，因此，一位即將進(jìn)入高中學(xué)習(xí)的女生寫信向外籍教師(Bruce)請教。請你根據(jù)信的內(nèi)容和寫作要點(diǎn)代替Bruce寫封回信。
Dear Bruce，
I'm writing to ask you for advice on how to avoid becoming a poor English learner in high school.It's said that some students who were not so bad at English in the junior grow poor in it in high school.How I want to remain a good English learner in future！What should I do to achieve my aim？Thank you!
Looking forward to your reply!
Best wishes!
Li Hong
寫作要點(diǎn)：
1．告訴Li Hong她所聽說的英語學(xué)習(xí)困難的情況確實(shí)存在，但大多數(shù)的高中英語學(xué)習(xí)困難生都是初中英語成績太差的學(xué)生；
2．就如何防止高中英語學(xué)習(xí)困難現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生給Li Hong提出建議。
`樹立高中能學(xué)好英語的信心； 根據(jù)高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合身邊學(xué)習(xí)有困難的學(xué)生的不足，另提兩條建議。
利用高中開學(xué)前的時(shí)間復(fù)習(xí)初中所學(xué)內(nèi)容；
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Li Hong，
Your letter reached me this morning.Now I'd like to share my opinion with you.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely hoping you can benefit from the above and will be a successful high school English learner.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Bruce
【參考范文】
Dear_Li_Hong，
Your_letter_reached_me_this_morning.Now_I'd_like_to_share_my_opinion_with_you.
Yes，some high school poor English learners really got good English scores in the junior，but most are those who were too bad at English at that time.So don't
be afraid of falling behind in future.Here are some tips for you.
First of all，be confident that you can learn English well in the senior.Also，review the knowledge learned in the junior before the new school life begins.Besides，make necessary mental preparations for the hard learning in the senior.With more difficult English textbooks，you should preview the text and review in time what has been learned，especially the new words.
Sincerely_hoping_you_can_benefit_from_the_above_and_will_be_a_successful_high_school_English_learner.
Best_wishes!
Yours，
Bruce
