2024屆高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第一輪精講精練復(fù)習(xí)題9
定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句
whose 是一個(gè)表示所屬關(guān)系的詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于my,his,her,its,their等修飾人或物。of which 可以代替whose 指物,詞序一般是名詞+of which 或of which +名詞。of whom 可以代替whose 指人,詞序是名詞+of whom。
(2009·安徽卷)Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.
父母親在大城市里打工的許多孩子在村莊里被照顧的非常好。
(2010·江蘇卷)The newly-built cafe,the walls of which are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.這家新建的墻體被涂成淺綠色的咖啡廳對(duì)我們而言確實(shí)是個(gè)安靜場(chǎng)所,尤其是在辛苦工作之后。
1.(2010·北京卷)Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A.whatB.whose
C.which
D.that
解析: 句意為:一些不是很活躍,或者他們的飲食中熱量太高的孩子會(huì)很快長(zhǎng)胖。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為children,or 連接兩個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)從句,第一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞為who,第二個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞為考查點(diǎn),先行詞children在第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中與從句中的主語(yǔ)diet形成所屬關(guān)系:children’s diet,故選擇B項(xiàng)。
答案: B
2.(2010·陜西卷)The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A.where
B.which
C.its
D.whose
解析: 句意為:那座在暴風(fēng)雨中屋頂受損的古廟現(xiàn)在正在維修當(dāng)中。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。此句先行詞是the old temple,代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:The_old_temple’s roof was damaged in a storm.由此可知先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系代詞whose 引導(dǎo)。
答案: D
3.(2010·浙江卷)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A.whom
B.which
C.them
D.those
解析: 句意為:近千人在這一小社區(qū)居住,他們當(dāng)中很多都是從農(nóng)村老家來(lái)城市尋求更好的日子的。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為1,000 people,代入定語(yǔ)從句為many of 1,000 people left their village homes for a better life in the city,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)且指人,故用whom。
答案: A
1.與定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成搭配。
The man (who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.
=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.在會(huì)議中我與他談話的那個(gè)人是從北京大學(xué)來(lái)的。
注意: 但是在下面一句中for 不可以提前,因?yàn)閘ook for 是動(dòng)詞詞組。
This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for.
這就是你找的那個(gè)人。
2.與定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞構(gòu)成搭配。
He built a telescope,through which he could study the skies.
他架起一架望遠(yuǎn)鏡,通過(guò)它他可以研究天空。
In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在漆黑的大街上沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能為她提供幫助。
3.of+which/whom表示所屬關(guān)系。(表所屬關(guān)系也可用whose)
Recently I bought an ancient vase,the price of which (=whose price) was very reasonable.
最近我買了個(gè)古代的花瓶,它的價(jià)錢很合理。
1.(2011·龍巖檢測(cè))At 13,Samuel received a training course in drawing for three years,________he got a good opportunity for further development.
A.a(chǎn)fter thatB.a(chǎn)fter which
C.a(chǎn)fter it
D.a(chǎn)fter this
解析: 考查定語(yǔ)從句。after which he got a good opportunity for further development 是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
答案: B
2.(2010·上海卷)Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.
A.on whichB.by which
C.to whichD.from which
解析: 句意為:風(fēng)力是很古老的一種能源,不久的將來(lái)我們也許會(huì)再利用它。考查定語(yǔ)從句。return to重新利用,屬于固定搭配。故排除含有介詞on,by 和from 的A、B、D項(xiàng)。
答案: C
3.(2011·東北三校一模)There are 51 students in Class Three,________failed in the test.
A.a(chǎn)ll of whichB.a(chǎn)ll of them
C.none of whomD.none of them
解析: 考查定語(yǔ)從句。后半句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞students ,應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)。因?yàn)榍昂髢删渲g沒(méi)有并列連詞,所以B、D兩項(xiàng)不正確。
答案: C
point,situation,case等,從表面上看它們不是表地點(diǎn)的,但卻表示類似地點(diǎn)的意義,因此它們作先行詞時(shí),如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),那么這個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞要用where;如果不作狀語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。
(2009·福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where 作狀語(yǔ))
把孩子放在一個(gè)能使他們從另外一個(gè)角度認(rèn)識(shí)自己的環(huán)境中對(duì)他們有益。
Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that 作賓語(yǔ))現(xiàn)在只有一點(diǎn)我希望你弄清楚。
1.(2011·云南檢測(cè))—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes,there’s one point________we must insist on.
A.why
B.where
C.how
D./
解析: the point 作介詞on的賓語(yǔ),因此應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞或者省略。
答案: D
2.(2009·浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A.which
B.where
C.how
D.why
解析: 句意為:我已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該自己作決定的那個(gè)人生階段。where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞point。
答案: B
3.(2010·北京朝陽(yáng)期中)The doctor said that the treatment would continue until the patient reached the point________he could walk correctly and safely.
A.where
B.when
C.which
D.that
解析: point 為先行詞,后面為定語(yǔ)從句,在定語(yǔ)從句中walk 為不及物動(dòng)詞,從句不缺少賓語(yǔ),且表時(shí)間故用when引導(dǎo)。句意為:醫(yī)生說(shuō),病人的治療要持續(xù)到他能夠安全穩(wěn)當(dāng)?shù)匦凶邽橹埂?/p>
答案: B
1.a(chǎn)s 與which 都可以代指主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容,有時(shí)可以互換。
He married her,as (which) was natural.
很自然地,他和她結(jié)婚了。
(2009·山東卷)Whenever I met her,which was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.
不管我何時(shí)遇見她,她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我,這是常事兒。
2.但在下列情況下一般只能用as。
(1)as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首,而which 則不能。
As we know,more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.正如我們所知,地球表面的70%以上被水覆蓋。
(2)as 表示“正如,正像”,而which 無(wú)此意。
此時(shí),as從句中常有know,expect,happen,point out,plan,suggest 等單詞或短語(yǔ)。
He came back home late,as we expected.
正如我們所料,他回家晚了。
(3)當(dāng)先行詞被the same,such 修飾時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句需用as引導(dǎo)。
I bought the same book as you have.
我買了一本跟你一樣的書。
I’ll give you such things as you may need.
我將給你你需要的東西。
He’ll marry as pretty a girl as he can find.
他將與他能發(fā)現(xiàn)的最漂亮的女孩結(jié)婚。
(4)但是當(dāng)先行詞被the same修飾時(shí),that 也可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,但意義有所不同。
the same...as(指同樣或同類的),the same...that (指同一個(gè))
This is the same watch as I lost.
這塊表與我丟的那塊一樣。
This is the same watch that I lost.
這就是我丟的那塊表。
1.(2011·山東濰坊質(zhì)量抽樣)Her books were all over the dining table,________meant we had to eat in the kitchen.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.it
解析: 句意為:她的書擺滿了餐桌,這就意味著我們必須在廚房吃飯了。which 引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,代替主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)內(nèi)容。
答案: A
2.(2011·浙江金華一中月考)Mrs Black took the police back to ________ place________she witnessed the robbery.
A.the same;that
B.the same;as
C.the same;whereD.a(chǎn)s the same;is
解析: 句意為:Black 夫人把警察帶到她目睹搶劫案的那個(gè)地方。可見在以the same place 為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句中,從句缺少的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),因此用where。A、B兩項(xiàng)中的引導(dǎo)詞that,as均為關(guān)系代詞,要在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),故錯(cuò)誤。
答案: C
3.(2011·銀川實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)第一次月考)________is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A.Which
B.As
C.That
D.It
解析: as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句不能放在主句的前面;that 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。it 可以作形式主語(yǔ),如果把句子中的逗號(hào)改為that,D項(xiàng)也正確。句意為:正像上文提到的那樣,高中生的數(shù)量在增長(zhǎng)。
答案: B
4.(2010·四川卷)After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling,________turned out to be a wise decision.
A.that
B.which
C.when
D.where
解析: 句意為:大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后,我休息了一段時(shí)間去旅游,結(jié)果證明這是一個(gè)明智的決定。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知第二個(gè)逗號(hào)后是一非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,排除A項(xiàng);定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ),排除C、D兩項(xiàng),先行詞是逗號(hào)前的整個(gè)句子,所以B為正確答案。
答案: B
5.(2011·黃岡檢測(cè))Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm ________few residents had ever experienced before.
A.a(chǎn)s
B.which
C.a(chǎn)nd it wasD.that
解析: 考查定語(yǔ)從句。as在此處為關(guān)系代詞,作experienced 的賓語(yǔ)。
答案: A
1.(2010·重慶卷)In China,the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A.where
B.which
C.whose
D.that
解析: 句意為:在中國(guó),城市的數(shù)量在快速地增加,其發(fā)展被世界所公認(rèn)。考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為cities,代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:The cities’ development is recognized across the world.由此可見,先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),故用whose。
答案: C
2.(2010·湖南卷)I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.
A.who
B.where
C.when
D.which
解析: 代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可見先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),先行詞指人,故用who/whom/that引導(dǎo),故答案為A。
答案: A
3.(2010·山東卷)That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.
A.that
B.which
C.whose
D.what
解析: 句意為:那臺(tái)新機(jī)器的部件太小了,以至于都看不見。考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為the new machine,代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen,可以看出the new machine 在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),故用whose。
答案: C
4.(2010·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)As a child,Jack studied in a village school,________is named after his grandfather.
A.which
B.where
C.what
D.that
解析: 句意為:小時(shí)候,杰克在一所鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校讀書,那所學(xué)校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是a village school,代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可見先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),且該從句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,故用which引導(dǎo)。
答案: A
5.(2010·江西卷)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.
A.where
B.who
C.which
D.what
解析: 句意為:這個(gè)女孩準(zhǔn)備在培訓(xùn)中心和她姐姐一起上鋼琴課。在那里她將待一小時(shí)。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為the training centre,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故選where。
答案: A
6.(2010·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A.whoB.that
C.a(chǎn)sD.what
解析: 句意為:我拒絕接受因?yàn)閯e人的錯(cuò)誤而遭受的責(zé)備。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選擇。先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),而且為不定代詞something,關(guān)系詞只能用that。
答案: B
7.(2009·江西卷)The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A.in it
B.in
C.in that
D.in which
解析: 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知house后面有一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而且定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞已經(jīng)省略,那么該引導(dǎo)詞一定在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),所以此空中要填介詞in,且其后不能再有賓語(yǔ)。
答案: B
8.(2009·陜西卷)Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.
A.of whichB.with which
C.a(chǎn)bout whichD.into which
解析: 句意為:槍支的控制是在美國(guó)爭(zhēng)論了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的一個(gè)話題。此題考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為subject,帶入定語(yǔ)從句后為:Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知,先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作about的賓語(yǔ),介詞about提前,故用關(guān)系代詞which。