高三英語二輪三輪總復(fù)習(xí) 重點(diǎn)突破專題一 第一講 名詞和介詞課件(人教版)
She wears a pair of glasses.她戴著一副眼鏡。 Don't judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。 It is bad manners to talk with his mouth full. 說話時(shí)滿嘴食物是不禮貌的。
1.(2010?重慶高考)The dictionary is what I want,but I don't
have enough money ________ me. A.by
B.for C.in
D.with 解析:考查介詞。with在此表示“在……身邊,在……身上”。 答案:D 2.(2010?四川高考)Tired,Jim was fast asleep with his
back ________ a big tree. A.in
B.below C.beside
D.a(chǎn)gainst 解析:考查介詞。against“靠,倚”。句意:疲倦了,吉姆背靠著一棵大樹很快就睡著了。 答案:D 3.(2010?江西高考)We give dogs time,space and love we
can spam,and ________ ,dogs give us their all. A.in all
B.in fact C.in short
D.in return 解析:考查介詞短語。句意:我們抽出時(shí)間、空間和愛給予狗,而狗回報(bào)給我們的則是它們的全部。in all總共;in fact實(shí)際上;in short簡(jiǎn)而言之;in return作為報(bào)答。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。 答案:D 4.(2010?湖北高考)It is illegal for a public official to ask
people for gifts or money ________ favors to them. A.in preference to
B.in place of C.in agreement with
D.in exchange for 解析:考查介詞短語。句意:政府官員索要錢財(cái)來進(jìn)行權(quán)錢交易是違法的。A項(xiàng)“優(yōu)先于”;B項(xiàng)“代替”;C項(xiàng)“與……一致”;D項(xiàng)“交換”,故D項(xiàng)符合。 答案:D 5.(2010?福建高考)More and more high-rise buildings
have been built in big cities ________ space. A.in search of
B.in place of C.for lack of
D.for fear of 解析:考查介詞短語。in search of為了尋找,in place of取代,代替,for lack of由于缺乏……;for fear of由于擔(dān)心……。根據(jù)句意,可知C項(xiàng)正確。 答案:C 對(duì)于介詞的考查,主要以對(duì)其固定搭配的考查為主,體現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)方面: 1.常見的幾組名詞和介詞的搭配: attention to對(duì)……的注意;devotion to 對(duì)……的奉獻(xiàn);a visit to 對(duì)……的訪問;interest in對(duì)……的興趣;comments on對(duì)……的評(píng)論;application for 對(duì)……的申請(qǐng);an influence on對(duì)……的影響;confidence in對(duì)……的信心;contact with 與……取的聯(lián)系 He should be admired for his devotion to improving education.他對(duì)改善教育作出的貢獻(xiàn)應(yīng)該得到贊揚(yáng)。
2.動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配的短語比較多,需要在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中 逐一記憶。如: dream of夢(mèng)想;insist on堅(jiān)持;depend on依靠;belong to 屬于;lead to導(dǎo)致;deal with 處理;argue about 爭(zhēng)論;call on 拜訪;refer to 提到 The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. 即使我告訴他我住在附近,這個(gè)人堅(jiān)決主張給我找一輛出租車。 3.形容詞與介詞搭配的短語有: anxious about 對(duì)……感到憂慮;nervous about 因……不安;successful in 在……方面很成功;dependent on依賴于……;responsible for 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé);absent from 缺席……;proud of因……自豪;famous for 因……聞名;ashamed of對(duì)……感到愧疚;loyal to 忠誠于……;harmful to 對(duì)……有害;popular with 受……歡迎
(2009·天津高考)The art show was far from being a failure;it was a great success.藝術(shù)展覽根本談不上失敗,而是十分成功的。 (2009·湖北高考)His efforts to raise money for his program were in vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.他為自己的項(xiàng)目籌錢的努力是徒勞的,因?yàn)闆]有人愿意拿出哪怕是一分錢。 (2009·湖北高考)You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.如果你以問題的形式提出要求,那么會(huì)顯得更有禮貌。 1.(2010?江西高考)Last year the number of students who
graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year. A.a(chǎn)verageB.number C.a(chǎn)mount
D.quantity 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:去年畢業(yè)時(shí)就有駕照的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到20萬,平均每年4萬。average平均,平均數(shù);a number of許多,大量,修飾可數(shù)名詞;an amount of許多,大量,與不可數(shù)名詞連用;a quantity of許多,大量的,修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意,選A。 答案:A 2.(2010?湖北高考)This restaurant has become popular for
its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A.division
B.a(chǎn)rea C.range
D.circle 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:這家餐館很受歡迎,因?yàn)樗峁└鞣N食物,能滿足各種口味和各種消費(fèi)層次。division 區(qū)分,分開,除法,部門;area 區(qū)域,面積,范圍;range一系列,(變動(dòng)或浮動(dòng)的)范圍,界限;circle圓周,循環(huán),社交圈。語境說能滿足各種口味和消費(fèi)層次,由此判斷選C。 答案:C 3.(2010?湖北高考)After the earthquake,the first thing the
local government did was to provide ________for the homeless families. A.a(chǎn)ccommodation
B.occupation C.equipment
D.furniture 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:地震發(fā)生之后,當(dāng)?shù)卣龅牡谝患戮褪菫闊o家可歸的家庭提供住宿。accommodation住處,停留處,膳宿;occupation職業(yè),占有期間,占有;equipment 設(shè)備,器材,裝備,配備;furniture 家具。從語境的“地震之后”“失去家園的家庭”判斷,本題選A表示提供“住宿”。 答案:A 4.(2010·江蘇高考)The doctor is skilled at treating heart
trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients,so he has a very good ________. A.expectation
B.reputation C.contribution
D.civilization 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:這名醫(yī)生對(duì)心臟病的治療技術(shù)高超,并且從不接受病人送的任何禮品,因此,他名聲很好。expectation 期待,預(yù)料;reputation 名譽(yù),名聲,聲望;contribution 貢獻(xiàn);civilization 文明。故答案為B。 答案:B 5.(2010·安徽高考)I haven't seen Sara since she was a
little girl,and she has changed beyond ________. A.hearing
B.strength C.recognition
D.measure 解析:句意:自從Sara還是孩子的時(shí)候,我就一直沒見過她。她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得(讓人)認(rèn)不出來了。beyond recognition無法辨認(rèn)。 答案:C 這類題型的解題關(guān)鍵是: 1.考生必須掌握選項(xiàng)中各個(gè)名詞的意思及用法。 2.考生必須讀懂題干,這是作出正確選擇的關(guān)鍵。如果讀 不懂句子的意思,就很難作出正確的選擇。為了更好地解決這一類題目,在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中考生一定要積累一些近義名詞的用法。 1.chance,opportunity (1)chance 表示“機(jī)會(huì),可能性(強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性)”。 (2)opportunity 表示“機(jī)會(huì),時(shí)機(jī)(強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力獲得的機(jī) 會(huì))”,既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞。 Chances are that he has already arrived. 他很有可能已經(jīng)到了。 (2008·江蘇高考)To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can. 為了學(xué)好英語,我們應(yīng)該找機(jī)會(huì)盡量多聽。 2.reputation,influence,impression (1)reputation 表示“名譽(yù),名聲”。 (2)influence 表示“影響”,常用于短語have an influence on
sb. 對(duì)……有影響。 (3)impression 表示“印象”,常用于短語give/leave an
impression on sb.“給……留下印象”。 (2009·安徽高考)China has got a good reputation for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organazation.中國在與流感作斗爭(zhēng)中因細(xì)致與平穩(wěn)的安排獲得了好的名聲。 3.state,position,condition,situation (1)state 意為“狀態(tài),樣子,情況,形勢(shì)”。 (2)position 意為“位置,職位”。 (3)situation 意為“形勢(shì),狀況,局面”。 (4)condition 意為“條件,境況”。
(2009·陜西高考)From their position on the top of the TV Tower,visitors can have a better view of the city. 從他們所在的電視塔頂?shù)奈恢茫慰蛡兡芨玫赜^看這個(gè)城市的風(fēng)景。 School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous situations. 學(xué)生們必須接受如何應(yīng)付危險(xiǎn)情況的教育。 He was in a poor state of health. 他的健康狀況不佳。 4.mark,sign signal,symbol (1)mark 標(biāo)志,標(biāo)記。 (2)sign 記號(hào),標(biāo)記,跡象。 (3)signal 信號(hào)。 (4)symbol 象征,符號(hào)。 (2009·湖北高考)In our class,when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book,it was a signal for everyone to stand up.在課堂上,鈴聲響起,老師合上書就是我們起立的信號(hào)。 There were no signs of life on the island. 那個(gè)島上沒有生物存在的跡象。 5.quantity,quality,character,personality (1)quantity 表示“數(shù)量”。 (2)quality 既可以表示事物的“品質(zhì)”,還可以表示人的 “品德,素質(zhì)”。 (3)character 泛指性格,無所謂好壞,還可以表示“角色, 文字,字母”。 (4)personality 意為“個(gè)性”。 They are twins but have quite different characters. 他們雖為雙胞胎,但性格卻相當(dāng)不同。 Kindness is a human quality which everyone admires. 仁慈是誰都稱贊的人類品質(zhì)。 1.(2010·福建高考)It's ________ good feeling for people to
admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them
________ pleasure. A.不填;a
B.a(chǎn);不填 C.the;a
D.a(chǎn);the 解析:句意:上海世博會(huì)給人們帶來了快樂,欣賞世博會(huì)是一種美好的感受。有些不可數(shù)名詞,如knowledge,command,feeling等,前面有“a/an+形容詞”修飾時(shí),表示一件具體的事情或一個(gè)……的人。pleasure意為“愉快,快樂”,為不可數(shù)名詞,故不加冠詞。 答案:B 2.(2010·北京高考)First impressions are the most lasting. After all,you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression. A.a(chǎn);the
B.the;the C.a(chǎn);a
D.the;a 解析:句意:第一印象最持久。畢竟,你不會(huì)再有機(jī)會(huì)去形成第一印象。第一空后有second,在此表示再一次機(jī)會(huì),而不是表順序,應(yīng)用不定冠詞;第二空中的第一印象是泛指,也不是表示順序,又根據(jù)題干可以判斷impression在此處是可數(shù)名詞,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)表泛指時(shí)須用不定冠詞,故選擇C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 3.(2011?重慶第二次調(diào)研)—How do you like ________
speaker? —His attitude toward the event was ________ big surprise to me. A.the;a B.a(chǎn)n;a C.the;the
D.a(chǎn)n;the 解析:考查冠詞用法。第一空處指說話雙方都知道的人,表示特指,故用定冠詞the;第二空處表示一個(gè)驚訝,表示泛指,故用不定冠詞a。 答案:A 1.抽象名詞具體化 具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)、情感、情緒的人或事,具體指特定的某一件事時(shí),這一抽象名詞可作為可數(shù)名詞。 (1)difficulty 困難;a difficulty 一件難事 (2)experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn);an experience 一次經(jīng)歷 (3)failure 失敗;a failure 一位失敗者,一件失敗的事
(4)knowledge 知識(shí);a good knowledge 豐富的知識(shí) (5)success 成功;a success 一位成功者,一件成功的事 (6)surprise 驚奇;a surprise 一件令人吃驚的事 (7)honour 榮譽(yù);an honour 一位(件)帶來榮譽(yù)的人或事 Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。 His new book was a great success. 他的新書獲得巨大成功。 2.有些物質(zhì)名詞可個(gè)體化為可數(shù)名詞
物質(zhì)名詞 可數(shù)名詞 物質(zhì)名詞 可數(shù)名詞 drink
飲料 two drinks 兩杯飲料 sugar
糖 a sugar
一塊糖 coffee
咖啡 a coffee 一杯咖啡 paper 紙 a paper 一張報(bào)紙; 一篇論文 tea 茶 two teas兩杯茶 hair 頭發(fā) a hair 一根頭發(fā) Would you like some coffee?你想喝點(diǎn)咖啡嗎? I would like a coffee and two beers. 我想要一杯咖啡和兩杯啤酒。
3.有些不可數(shù)名詞后面加-s時(shí)表示特殊意義
不可數(shù)名詞 復(fù)數(shù)形式 不可數(shù)名詞 復(fù)數(shù)形式 time 時(shí)間 times 次數(shù);時(shí)代;倍數(shù) glass玻璃 glasses 眼鏡 wood 木頭 woods 樹林 sand 沙子 sands 沙灘 paper 紙 papers 試卷;論文;報(bào)紙 wish 愿望 wishes 問候
She wears a pair of glasses.她戴著一副眼鏡。 Don't judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。 It is bad manners to talk with his mouth full. 說話時(shí)滿嘴食物是不禮貌的。
1.(2010?重慶高考)The dictionary is what I want,but I don't
have enough money ________ me. A.by
B.for C.in
D.with 解析:考查介詞。with在此表示“在……身邊,在……身上”。 答案:D 2.(2010?四川高考)Tired,Jim was fast asleep with his
back ________ a big tree. A.in
B.below C.beside
D.a(chǎn)gainst 解析:考查介詞。against“靠,倚”。句意:疲倦了,吉姆背靠著一棵大樹很快就睡著了。 答案:D 3.(2010?江西高考)We give dogs time,space and love we
can spam,and ________ ,dogs give us their all. A.in all
B.in fact C.in short
D.in return 解析:考查介詞短語。句意:我們抽出時(shí)間、空間和愛給予狗,而狗回報(bào)給我們的則是它們的全部。in all總共;in fact實(shí)際上;in short簡(jiǎn)而言之;in return作為報(bào)答。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。 答案:D 4.(2010?湖北高考)It is illegal for a public official to ask
people for gifts or money ________ favors to them. A.in preference to
B.in place of C.in agreement with
D.in exchange for 解析:考查介詞短語。句意:政府官員索要錢財(cái)來進(jìn)行權(quán)錢交易是違法的。A項(xiàng)“優(yōu)先于”;B項(xiàng)“代替”;C項(xiàng)“與……一致”;D項(xiàng)“交換”,故D項(xiàng)符合。 答案:D 5.(2010?福建高考)More and more high-rise buildings
have been built in big cities ________ space. A.in search of
B.in place of C.for lack of
D.for fear of 解析:考查介詞短語。in search of為了尋找,in place of取代,代替,for lack of由于缺乏……;for fear of由于擔(dān)心……。根據(jù)句意,可知C項(xiàng)正確。 答案:C 對(duì)于介詞的考查,主要以對(duì)其固定搭配的考查為主,體現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)方面: 1.常見的幾組名詞和介詞的搭配: attention to對(duì)……的注意;devotion to 對(duì)……的奉獻(xiàn);a visit to 對(duì)……的訪問;interest in對(duì)……的興趣;comments on對(duì)……的評(píng)論;application for 對(duì)……的申請(qǐng);an influence on對(duì)……的影響;confidence in對(duì)……的信心;contact with 與……取的聯(lián)系 He should be admired for his devotion to improving education.他對(duì)改善教育作出的貢獻(xiàn)應(yīng)該得到贊揚(yáng)。
2.動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配的短語比較多,需要在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中 逐一記憶。如: dream of夢(mèng)想;insist on堅(jiān)持;depend on依靠;belong to 屬于;lead to導(dǎo)致;deal with 處理;argue about 爭(zhēng)論;call on 拜訪;refer to 提到 The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. 即使我告訴他我住在附近,這個(gè)人堅(jiān)決主張給我找一輛出租車。 3.形容詞與介詞搭配的短語有: anxious about 對(duì)……感到憂慮;nervous about 因……不安;successful in 在……方面很成功;dependent on依賴于……;responsible for 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé);absent from 缺席……;proud of因……自豪;famous for 因……聞名;ashamed of對(duì)……感到愧疚;loyal to 忠誠于……;harmful to 對(duì)……有害;popular with 受……歡迎
(2009·天津高考)The art show was far from being a failure;it was a great success.藝術(shù)展覽根本談不上失敗,而是十分成功的。 (2009·湖北高考)His efforts to raise money for his program were in vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.他為自己的項(xiàng)目籌錢的努力是徒勞的,因?yàn)闆]有人愿意拿出哪怕是一分錢。 (2009·湖北高考)You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.如果你以問題的形式提出要求,那么會(huì)顯得更有禮貌。 1.(2010?江西高考)Last year the number of students who
graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year. A.a(chǎn)verageB.number C.a(chǎn)mount
D.quantity 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:去年畢業(yè)時(shí)就有駕照的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到20萬,平均每年4萬。average平均,平均數(shù);a number of許多,大量,修飾可數(shù)名詞;an amount of許多,大量,與不可數(shù)名詞連用;a quantity of許多,大量的,修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意,選A。 答案:A 2.(2010?湖北高考)This restaurant has become popular for
its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A.division
B.a(chǎn)rea C.range
D.circle 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:這家餐館很受歡迎,因?yàn)樗峁└鞣N食物,能滿足各種口味和各種消費(fèi)層次。division 區(qū)分,分開,除法,部門;area 區(qū)域,面積,范圍;range一系列,(變動(dòng)或浮動(dòng)的)范圍,界限;circle圓周,循環(huán),社交圈。語境說能滿足各種口味和消費(fèi)層次,由此判斷選C。 答案:C 3.(2010?湖北高考)After the earthquake,the first thing the
local government did was to provide ________for the homeless families. A.a(chǎn)ccommodation
B.occupation C.equipment
D.furniture 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:地震發(fā)生之后,當(dāng)?shù)卣龅牡谝患戮褪菫闊o家可歸的家庭提供住宿。accommodation住處,停留處,膳宿;occupation職業(yè),占有期間,占有;equipment 設(shè)備,器材,裝備,配備;furniture 家具。從語境的“地震之后”“失去家園的家庭”判斷,本題選A表示提供“住宿”。 答案:A 4.(2010·江蘇高考)The doctor is skilled at treating heart
trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients,so he has a very good ________. A.expectation
B.reputation C.contribution
D.civilization 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:這名醫(yī)生對(duì)心臟病的治療技術(shù)高超,并且從不接受病人送的任何禮品,因此,他名聲很好。expectation 期待,預(yù)料;reputation 名譽(yù),名聲,聲望;contribution 貢獻(xiàn);civilization 文明。故答案為B。 答案:B 5.(2010·安徽高考)I haven't seen Sara since she was a
little girl,and she has changed beyond ________. A.hearing
B.strength C.recognition
D.measure 解析:句意:自從Sara還是孩子的時(shí)候,我就一直沒見過她。她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得(讓人)認(rèn)不出來了。beyond recognition無法辨認(rèn)。 答案:C 這類題型的解題關(guān)鍵是: 1.考生必須掌握選項(xiàng)中各個(gè)名詞的意思及用法。 2.考生必須讀懂題干,這是作出正確選擇的關(guān)鍵。如果讀 不懂句子的意思,就很難作出正確的選擇。為了更好地解決這一類題目,在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中考生一定要積累一些近義名詞的用法。 1.chance,opportunity (1)chance 表示“機(jī)會(huì),可能性(強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性)”。 (2)opportunity 表示“機(jī)會(huì),時(shí)機(jī)(強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力獲得的機(jī) 會(huì))”,既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞。 Chances are that he has already arrived. 他很有可能已經(jīng)到了。 (2008·江蘇高考)To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can. 為了學(xué)好英語,我們應(yīng)該找機(jī)會(huì)盡量多聽。 2.reputation,influence,impression (1)reputation 表示“名譽(yù),名聲”。 (2)influence 表示“影響”,常用于短語have an influence on
sb. 對(duì)……有影響。 (3)impression 表示“印象”,常用于短語give/leave an
impression on sb.“給……留下印象”。 (2009·安徽高考)China has got a good reputation for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organazation.中國在與流感作斗爭(zhēng)中因細(xì)致與平穩(wěn)的安排獲得了好的名聲。 3.state,position,condition,situation (1)state 意為“狀態(tài),樣子,情況,形勢(shì)”。 (2)position 意為“位置,職位”。 (3)situation 意為“形勢(shì),狀況,局面”。 (4)condition 意為“條件,境況”。
(2009·陜西高考)From their position on the top of the TV Tower,visitors can have a better view of the city. 從他們所在的電視塔頂?shù)奈恢茫慰蛡兡芨玫赜^看這個(gè)城市的風(fēng)景。 School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous situations. 學(xué)生們必須接受如何應(yīng)付危險(xiǎn)情況的教育。 He was in a poor state of health. 他的健康狀況不佳。 4.mark,sign signal,symbol (1)mark 標(biāo)志,標(biāo)記。 (2)sign 記號(hào),標(biāo)記,跡象。 (3)signal 信號(hào)。 (4)symbol 象征,符號(hào)。 (2009·湖北高考)In our class,when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book,it was a signal for everyone to stand up.在課堂上,鈴聲響起,老師合上書就是我們起立的信號(hào)。 There were no signs of life on the island. 那個(gè)島上沒有生物存在的跡象。 5.quantity,quality,character,personality (1)quantity 表示“數(shù)量”。 (2)quality 既可以表示事物的“品質(zhì)”,還可以表示人的 “品德,素質(zhì)”。 (3)character 泛指性格,無所謂好壞,還可以表示“角色, 文字,字母”。 (4)personality 意為“個(gè)性”。 They are twins but have quite different characters. 他們雖為雙胞胎,但性格卻相當(dāng)不同。 Kindness is a human quality which everyone admires. 仁慈是誰都稱贊的人類品質(zhì)。 1.(2010·福建高考)It's ________ good feeling for people to
admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them
________ pleasure. A.不填;a
B.a(chǎn);不填 C.the;a
D.a(chǎn);the 解析:句意:上海世博會(huì)給人們帶來了快樂,欣賞世博會(huì)是一種美好的感受。有些不可數(shù)名詞,如knowledge,command,feeling等,前面有“a/an+形容詞”修飾時(shí),表示一件具體的事情或一個(gè)……的人。pleasure意為“愉快,快樂”,為不可數(shù)名詞,故不加冠詞。 答案:B 2.(2010·北京高考)First impressions are the most lasting. After all,you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression. A.a(chǎn);the
B.the;the C.a(chǎn);a
D.the;a 解析:句意:第一印象最持久。畢竟,你不會(huì)再有機(jī)會(huì)去形成第一印象。第一空后有second,在此表示再一次機(jī)會(huì),而不是表順序,應(yīng)用不定冠詞;第二空中的第一印象是泛指,也不是表示順序,又根據(jù)題干可以判斷impression在此處是可數(shù)名詞,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)表泛指時(shí)須用不定冠詞,故選擇C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 3.(2011?重慶第二次調(diào)研)—How do you like ________
speaker? —His attitude toward the event was ________ big surprise to me. A.the;a B.a(chǎn)n;a C.the;the
D.a(chǎn)n;the 解析:考查冠詞用法。第一空處指說話雙方都知道的人,表示特指,故用定冠詞the;第二空處表示一個(gè)驚訝,表示泛指,故用不定冠詞a。 答案:A 1.抽象名詞具體化 具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)、情感、情緒的人或事,具體指特定的某一件事時(shí),這一抽象名詞可作為可數(shù)名詞。 (1)difficulty 困難;a difficulty 一件難事 (2)experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn);an experience 一次經(jīng)歷 (3)failure 失敗;a failure 一位失敗者,一件失敗的事
(4)knowledge 知識(shí);a good knowledge 豐富的知識(shí) (5)success 成功;a success 一位成功者,一件成功的事 (6)surprise 驚奇;a surprise 一件令人吃驚的事 (7)honour 榮譽(yù);an honour 一位(件)帶來榮譽(yù)的人或事 Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。 His new book was a great success. 他的新書獲得巨大成功。 2.有些物質(zhì)名詞可個(gè)體化為可數(shù)名詞
物質(zhì)名詞 可數(shù)名詞 物質(zhì)名詞 可數(shù)名詞 drink
飲料 two drinks 兩杯飲料 sugar
糖 a sugar
一塊糖 coffee
咖啡 a coffee 一杯咖啡 paper 紙 a paper 一張報(bào)紙; 一篇論文 tea 茶 two teas兩杯茶 hair 頭發(fā) a hair 一根頭發(fā) Would you like some coffee?你想喝點(diǎn)咖啡嗎? I would like a coffee and two beers. 我想要一杯咖啡和兩杯啤酒。
3.有些不可數(shù)名詞后面加-s時(shí)表示特殊意義
不可數(shù)名詞 復(fù)數(shù)形式 不可數(shù)名詞 復(fù)數(shù)形式 time 時(shí)間 times 次數(shù);時(shí)代;倍數(shù) glass玻璃 glasses 眼鏡 wood 木頭 woods 樹林 sand 沙子 sands 沙灘 paper 紙 papers 試卷;論文;報(bào)紙 wish 愿望 wishes 問候