2024屆高考英語第一輪單元知識點復習課件11
⑥ exist
vi. 短語 exist in存在于……中 exist on
靠……為生 exist by
靠……生存 existence n.
存在;生存 in existence
存在 come into existence
開始存在;成立 bring into existence
使產生 ⑥ exist
vi. 溫馨提示 exist 是不及物動詞,不能用于被動,也不能用于進行時態。 exist 還可用于there be 句型中表示“存在有”。類似的還有seem, appear, stand, lie, run, remain, etc. ⑥ exist
vi.
There appears to be lots of misunderstanding between us.
我們之間有很多誤會。
There once lived two gods who were in charge of Earth and Heaven.
曾經有兩個神,他們分別掌管地和天。 ⑥ exist
vi. 活用
單項填空 There, in the small temple, used to _____ a big bell. But now it has gone.
A. happen
B. come
C. exist
D. stand 解析
在那個小寺廟里,曾經“有”一個大鐘,但現在已經不見了。 C ⑦ gentle adj. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) Mothers are always gentle with their children.
(2) It's very comfortable to let the gentle wind blow on your face.
根據語義找匹配 A. 輕輕的,輕柔的 B. 溫柔的,文雅的
A B 鏈接 gentle-looking adj.
看起來彬彬有禮的、看起來很紳士的 gentleman n.
紳士,先生 gently adv.
溫柔地,輕柔地,輕輕地
gentleness n.
溫柔,和善 短語 be gentle with sb.
對某人體貼入微 gentle in voice / action
聲音溫柔,舉止文雅 ⑦ gentle adj. 活用
單項填空 (1) Strolling at the lake, the ______ wind is brushing your face. How romantic!
A. mild
B. soft
C. gentle
D. light 解析 考查形容詞詞義辨析。題意是:信步于湖 畔,清風輕拂著你的臉。多么富有詩情畫意啊! 通過語境體現出是物體運動輕緩的語義,所以答 案是C。 ⑦ gentle adj. C ⑧pull
n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.
(2) He pulled the door open and rushed out.
根據語義找匹配 A. 拉 B. 吸引力
B A 短語 pull down
拆除; (把身體)拖垮 pull off
(匆忙地)脫下(衣物); (成功地)完成 pull on
(匆忙地)穿上 pull out
拔出; 駛出; 擺脫(困難) pull in
進站;靠岸 pull away
駛離;開走 ⑧pull
n. & v. 解析 考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是:班車駛進車站,乘客一個個地下來了。drive away開走;push in 是不存在的短語;rush in 沖進,不合題意,所以答案是C。 活用
單項填空 (1) The bus ______ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.
A. drove away
B. pushed in
C. pulled in
D. rushed in ⑧pull
n. & v. C 解析 考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是:勇士匆忙脫下衣服跳進河里救那落水兒童。pull on匆忙穿上;put off 推遲;take off脫下,在語境中不是最佳答案;pull off匆忙脫下,所以答案是D。 (2) The brave man ______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.
A. pulled on
B. put off
C. took off
D. pulled off ⑧pull
n. & v. 活用
單項填空 D
① harmful adj. 根據語境感悟其用法 Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.
果汁可能對孩子們的牙齒有害。 鏈接 harm n. 傷害;損害
vt. 傷害……;損害……
harmless adj. 無害的;無惡意的 短語 do sb. harm = do harm to sb.
對某人有害 be harmful to
對……有害
① harmful adj. 句型 It does no harm to do sth. /There is no harm (in) doing sth.
不妨做某事 It wouldn't do sb. any harm to do sth.
做某事對某人并無害處 活用
用harm的適當形式填空 (1) Your smoking may be _______(有害) to the health of your baby.
(2) The storm has done great _____ (有害) to the crops.
(3) The dog seems fierce, but actually he's ________.
harmless
① harmful adj. harmful harm 根據語境感悟其用法 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time.
他們被交通擁堵所阻礙,以致沒有按時到達那里。 ② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 鏈接 “阻止某人做某事”的幾種表達式:
ban sb. from doing sth.
stop sb. (from) doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 活用
單項填空 (1) We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution ______our life even better.
A. to make
B. making
C. make
D. against making ② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 A 解析 考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是:
為了使我們的生活更加美好,我們必須采取果斷 而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根據語境非謂語動 詞在本句是目的狀語,所以答案是A。本題極容 易造成學生們的思維定勢而誤選B。 活用
單項填空 ② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 (2) We'll spare no effort to prevent the river ______.
A. from polluting
B. polluting
C. being polluted
D. polluted 解析 考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是: 我們將不遺余力地阻止河流污染。根據語境河流 與污染形成了被動關系,所以答案是C。
② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 活用
單項填空 C ③violent adj. 猛烈的,兇暴的 根據語境感悟其用法 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail.
強烈的風暴經常伴隨雨、雪或冰雹。 鏈接 violence n.
暴力,暴行 violently adv.
猛烈地;劇烈地 短語 a violent wind 暴風 a violent language
激烈的語言 a violent attack
猛烈的攻擊 violent behaviour
暴力行為 ③violent adj. 猛烈的,兇暴的 活用
根據漢語意思,完成下列句子 (1)人們非常關注青少年暴力行為。 There is a great concern about ___________among adolescents. (2)狂風將船猛地推向一塊巨大的礁石。 ______________dashed the ship against a huge rock. ③violent adj. 猛烈的,兇暴的 答案 (1)the violent behaviour
(2)The violent wind ④ spread v. (spread, spread)
展開,傳播 根據語境感悟其用法 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.
他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的傳播。 短語 spread out a map 攤開地圖 spread news
傳播消息 ④ spread v. (spread, spread)
展開,傳播 活用
根據漢語意思,完成下列句子 (1)這座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city __________ ten miles to the north.(2)蒼蠅傳播疾病。 Flies _______ diseases. (3)壞消息通常傳得快。 Bad news usually _______________. spreads for spread spreads quickly ⑤puzzle n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) It's a puzzle to me why he hasn't come for my birthday party.
(2) Can you help me out with the math puzzle? (3) Her word puzzled him.
(4) I was puzzled how to handle the situation.
答案
(1)B (2)C (3) A (4) D 根據語義找匹配 A. 使……迷惑不解 B. 謎 C. 難題 D. 使……為難 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 鏈接 puzzling adj.
令人困惑的;使人感到困惑的 puzzled adj.
困惑的;感到困惑的 puzzlement n.
困惑,迷惑 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 短語 be in a puzzle about
對……大惑不解 work out a puzzle
猜謎;解決難題 puzzle over
對……冥思苦想 puzzle out
(苦苦思索而)搞清楚 puzzle one's brain about / over 對……而大傷腦筋 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 活用
用puzzle的正確形式填空
The (1) _________ boy (2) _______ his mother,
so there was a (3) _______ expression on her face.
Much to (4) __________ of his mother, he left home
without saying a word.
⑤puzzle n. & v. puzzlement
puzzling puzzled puzzled ⑥ exist
vi. 根據語境猜詞義 (1)Problems also exist in agriculture.
(2)Food will not get cheaper under existing conditions.
(3)She exists on tea and bread.
根據語義找匹配 A. 生存;生活 B. 現存的;現在的 adj. C. 存在;有 C A B
⑥ exist
vi. 短語 exist in存在于……中 exist on
靠……為生 exist by
靠……生存 existence n.
存在;生存 in existence
存在 come into existence
開始存在;成立 bring into existence
使產生 ⑥ exist
vi. 溫馨提示 exist 是不及物動詞,不能用于被動,也不能用于進行時態。 exist 還可用于there be 句型中表示“存在有”。類似的還有seem, appear, stand, lie, run, remain, etc. ⑥ exist
vi.
There appears to be lots of misunderstanding between us.
我們之間有很多誤會。
There once lived two gods who were in charge of Earth and Heaven.
曾經有兩個神,他們分別掌管地和天。 ⑥ exist
vi. 活用
單項填空 There, in the small temple, used to _____ a big bell. But now it has gone.
A. happen
B. come
C. exist
D. stand 解析
在那個小寺廟里,曾經“有”一個大鐘,但現在已經不見了。 C ⑦ gentle adj. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) Mothers are always gentle with their children.
(2) It's very comfortable to let the gentle wind blow on your face.
根據語義找匹配 A. 輕輕的,輕柔的 B. 溫柔的,文雅的
A B 鏈接 gentle-looking adj.
看起來彬彬有禮的、看起來很紳士的 gentleman n.
紳士,先生 gently adv.
溫柔地,輕柔地,輕輕地
gentleness n.
溫柔,和善 短語 be gentle with sb.
對某人體貼入微 gentle in voice / action
聲音溫柔,舉止文雅 ⑦ gentle adj. 活用
單項填空 (1) Strolling at the lake, the ______ wind is brushing your face. How romantic!
A. mild
B. soft
C. gentle
D. light 解析 考查形容詞詞義辨析。題意是:信步于湖 畔,清風輕拂著你的臉。多么富有詩情畫意啊! 通過語境體現出是物體運動輕緩的語義,所以答 案是C。 ⑦ gentle adj. C ⑧pull
n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.
(2) He pulled the door open and rushed out.
根據語義找匹配 A. 拉 B. 吸引力
B A 短語 pull down
拆除; (把身體)拖垮 pull off
(匆忙地)脫下(衣物); (成功地)完成 pull on
(匆忙地)穿上 pull out
拔出; 駛出; 擺脫(困難) pull in
進站;靠岸 pull away
駛離;開走 ⑧pull
n. & v. 解析 考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是:班車駛進車站,乘客一個個地下來了。drive away開走;push in 是不存在的短語;rush in 沖進,不合題意,所以答案是C。 活用
單項填空 (1) The bus ______ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.
A. drove away
B. pushed in
C. pulled in
D. rushed in ⑧pull
n. & v. C 解析 考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是:勇士匆忙脫下衣服跳進河里救那落水兒童。pull on匆忙穿上;put off 推遲;take off脫下,在語境中不是最佳答案;pull off匆忙脫下,所以答案是D。 (2) The brave man ______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.
A. pulled on
B. put off
C. took off
D. pulled off ⑧pull
n. & v. 活用
單項填空 D
① harmful adj. 根據語境感悟其用法 Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.
果汁可能對孩子們的牙齒有害。 鏈接 harm n. 傷害;損害
vt. 傷害……;損害……
harmless adj. 無害的;無惡意的 短語 do sb. harm = do harm to sb.
對某人有害 be harmful to
對……有害
① harmful adj. 句型 It does no harm to do sth. /There is no harm (in) doing sth.
不妨做某事 It wouldn't do sb. any harm to do sth.
做某事對某人并無害處 活用
用harm的適當形式填空 (1) Your smoking may be _______(有害) to the health of your baby.
(2) The storm has done great _____ (有害) to the crops.
(3) The dog seems fierce, but actually he's ________.
harmless
① harmful adj. harmful harm 根據語境感悟其用法 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time.
他們被交通擁堵所阻礙,以致沒有按時到達那里。 ② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 鏈接 “阻止某人做某事”的幾種表達式:
ban sb. from doing sth.
stop sb. (from) doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 活用
單項填空 (1) We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution ______our life even better.
A. to make
B. making
C. make
D. against making ② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 A 解析 考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是:
為了使我們的生活更加美好,我們必須采取果斷 而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根據語境非謂語動 詞在本句是目的狀語,所以答案是A。本題極容 易造成學生們的思維定勢而誤選B。 活用
單項填空 ② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 (2) We'll spare no effort to prevent the river ______.
A. from polluting
B. polluting
C. being polluted
D. polluted 解析 考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是: 我們將不遺余力地阻止河流污染。根據語境河流 與污染形成了被動關系,所以答案是C。
② prevent v.
阻礙,阻止 活用
單項填空 C ③violent adj. 猛烈的,兇暴的 根據語境感悟其用法 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail.
強烈的風暴經常伴隨雨、雪或冰雹。 鏈接 violence n.
暴力,暴行 violently adv.
猛烈地;劇烈地 短語 a violent wind 暴風 a violent language
激烈的語言 a violent attack
猛烈的攻擊 violent behaviour
暴力行為 ③violent adj. 猛烈的,兇暴的 活用
根據漢語意思,完成下列句子 (1)人們非常關注青少年暴力行為。 There is a great concern about ___________among adolescents. (2)狂風將船猛地推向一塊巨大的礁石。 ______________dashed the ship against a huge rock. ③violent adj. 猛烈的,兇暴的 答案 (1)the violent behaviour
(2)The violent wind ④ spread v. (spread, spread)
展開,傳播 根據語境感悟其用法 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.
他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的傳播。 短語 spread out a map 攤開地圖 spread news
傳播消息 ④ spread v. (spread, spread)
展開,傳播 活用
根據漢語意思,完成下列句子 (1)這座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city __________ ten miles to the north.(2)蒼蠅傳播疾病。 Flies _______ diseases. (3)壞消息通常傳得快。 Bad news usually _______________. spreads for spread spreads quickly ⑤puzzle n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) It's a puzzle to me why he hasn't come for my birthday party.
(2) Can you help me out with the math puzzle? (3) Her word puzzled him.
(4) I was puzzled how to handle the situation.
答案
(1)B (2)C (3) A (4) D 根據語義找匹配 A. 使……迷惑不解 B. 謎 C. 難題 D. 使……為難 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 鏈接 puzzling adj.
令人困惑的;使人感到困惑的 puzzled adj.
困惑的;感到困惑的 puzzlement n.
困惑,迷惑 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 短語 be in a puzzle about
對……大惑不解 work out a puzzle
猜謎;解決難題 puzzle over
對……冥思苦想 puzzle out
(苦苦思索而)搞清楚 puzzle one's brain about / over 對……而大傷腦筋 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 活用
用puzzle的正確形式填空
The (1) _________ boy (2) _______ his mother,
so there was a (3) _______ expression on her face.
Much to (4) __________ of his mother, he left home
without saying a word.
⑤puzzle n. & v. puzzlement
puzzling puzzled puzzled ⑥ exist
vi. 根據語境猜詞義 (1)Problems also exist in agriculture.
(2)Food will not get cheaper under existing conditions.
(3)She exists on tea and bread.
根據語義找匹配 A. 生存;生活 B. 現存的;現在的 adj. C. 存在;有 C A B