2024屆高考英語一輪復習課時作業14：Unit 4《Astronomy the science of the stars》（人教版必修3湖北專用）

　　課時作業(十四)　[必修3　Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars]

　　[限時：30分鐘]

　?、?多項選擇

　　1．Though it was dark, my father ________ working in the field by the light of moon.

　　A．remained

　　B．stayed

　　C．lasted

　　D．kept

　　2．The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly________.

　　A．atmosphere

　　B．state

　　C．situation

　　D．phenomenon

　　3．The computer revolution may well change society as ________as did the Industrial Revolution.

　　A．certainly

　　B．insignificantly

　　C．fundamentally

　　D．comparatively

　　4．There was a ________ quarrel between the husband and the wife；after that the wife left home and never came back.

　　A．sensitive

　　B．serious

　　C．violent

　　D．strict

　　5．Though most people know that smoking ________ the risk of cancer，it is still hard for them to give it up.

　　A．multiplies

　　B．adds

　　C．combines

　　D．gains

　　6．Before the economic crisis came，John had sensed that the firm was to be ruined and he________ just in time.

　　A．pulled up

　　B．pulled out

　　C．pulled off

　　D．pulled down

　　7．What you should do, instead, is ________and look for a solution to the problem.

　　A．cheer up

　　B．come up

　　C．break up

　　D．cut up

　　8．I'm planning to hold a party in the open air，but I can make no guarantee because it ________ the weather.

　　A．links with

　　B．depends on

　　C．connects to

　　D．decides on

　　9．Alice read the letter with a ________ expression on her face，not knowing who sent it to her.

　　A．crowded

　　B．puzzled

　　C．satisfactory

　　D．pleasant

　　10．The special building in the middle of the square is the oldest wooden building ________.

　　A．in existence

　　B．in silence

　　C．in safety

　　D．in need

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　Jerry is the kind of man you love to hate.He is always in a(n)__11__mood and always has something__12__to say.In his opinion, the bottom line is your choice__13__you live a life.

　　One morning, he did something you are never__14__to do in the restaurant business: he left the back door open and was__15__up at gunpoint by three armed robbers.While trying to open the__16__， with his hand shaking from__17__， he input the wrong code.The robbers beat him and even__18__him.Luckily, Jerry was found__19__quickly after the robbers had fled and he was rushed to the local first aid center.After 18 hours of operation and weeks of good care, he was out of hospital with fragments (碎片) of the bullets still in his body.

　　Jerry told me what happened after he was sent to hospital.He said the doctors were__20__.They kept telling him he was going to be fine and__21__him into the emergency room.But when he saw the__22__on the faces of the doctors and nurses, he got really__23__.In their eyes, he__24__， “He's dying.” He knew he needed to take__25__.There was a big，burly nurse shouting questions at him.She asked if he was allergic (過敏的) to anything, and the doctors and nurses stopped working as they waited for his reply.Jerry__26__for a while and then he decided to live.He took a deep breath and said, “Yes.__27__！” Over their laughter, Jerry told them to operate on him__28__he wouldn't die.

　　Jerry lived, thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing__29__.I learnt from him that every day we have the choice to live fully.

　　Attitude, __30__， is everything.

　　11．A.exciting　 B．good　 C．usualD．balanced

　　12．A.positive

　　B．funny

　　C．new

　　D．different

　　13．A.how

　　B．where

　　C．whether

　　D．why

　　14．A.advised

　　B．imagined

　　C．asked

　　D．supposed

　　15．A.pulled

　　B．put

　　C．held

　　D．done

　　16．A.box

　　B．safe

　　C．counter

　　D．door

　　17．A.nervousness

　　B．worry

　　C．unwillingness

　　D．pressure

　　18．A.knocked

　　B．killed

　　C．knifed

　　D．shot

　　19．A.probably

　　B．relatively

　　C．merely

　　D．reasonably

　　20．A.excited

　　B．organized

　　C．hard-working

　　D．great

　　21．A.rolled

　　B．carried

　　C．wheeled

　　D．forced

　　22．A.surprise

　　B．expressions

　　C．feeling

　　D．puzzles

　　23．A.scared

　　B．embarrassed

　　C．disappointed

　　D．annoyed

　　24．A.knew

　　B．found

　　C．meant

　　D．read

　　25．A.notice

　　B．order

　　C．breath

　　D．action

　　26．A.thought

　　B．wondered

　　C．judged

　　D．stopped

　　27．A.Medicine

　　B．Operation

　　C．Bullets

　　D．Fragments

　　28．A.unless

　　B．even if

　　C．as if

　　D．before

　　29．A.reply

　　B．attitude

　　C．opinion

　　D．determination

　　30．A.to be honest

　　B．in that case

　　C．after all

　　D．strictly speaking

　?、?閱讀理解

　　Surface Exploration. Robots make great explorers on planets，moons，and other landing areas.Aside from Earth，just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore.The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe，making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment.The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand.Plus there would be complications with radiation，weather，and a lack of gravity.Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.

　　Data Collection. Robots are designed for collecting scientific data.Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently.Important scientific projects from detecting minerals，analyzing ground samples，and finding water are all performed much quicker and more accurately(精確地)by robots.

　　Cost Effective. The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans，but also have enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip.Moreover，robots have no problems working for hours on end.Robots never complain，they don't require food or water，and they never need a bathroom break.

　　Space Travel. Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space.Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are the Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars.They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars' history.

　　31．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?

　　A．The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.

　　B．It may be dangerous for human to explore the solar system except the earth.

　　C．Both the Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water in the Mars.

　　D．Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.

　　32．Which column of the passage could come from?

　　A．Education.

　　B．Finance.

　　C．Travel.

　　D．Science.

　　33．The underlined phrase “withstand” most probably means “________”．

　　A．arise

　　B．bear

　　C．defeat

　　D．diverse

　　34．What is the writer's attitude in writing this passage?

　　A．Negative.

　　B．Persuasive.

　　C．Subjective.

　　D．Objective.

　?、?完成句子

　　閱讀下列各小題，根據每句后的漢語提示，用句末括號內的英語單詞完成句子。

　　35．____________________ will mainly depend on her development abroad. (what)

　　她最終將做什么主要取決于她在國外的發展。

　　36．I will say for certain that nothing can prevent their plans ____________________. (carry)

　　我可以確定地說，沒有任何東西能阻止他們計劃的實施。

　　37．With the sun ____________________the mountain, evening fell. (set)

　　太陽落到山的后面，夜幕降臨了。

　　38．Now you've got a chance, ____________________ make full use of it. (well)

　　現在得到了一個機會，你不妨好好地利用它。

　　39．____________________， her parents took her to travel around the world. (cheer)

　　為了讓她高興起來，她的父母帶著她去周游世界了。

　　40．Only with the help of the government ________________taking care of babies after a month's training gradually. (hang)

　　只有在政府的幫助下，經過一個月的培訓之后，婦女才逐漸掌握了如何照顧嬰兒的技巧。

　　41．We have many cases where hard work as well as good communication skills ____________________ of success in the past years. (multiply)

　　在過去的幾年里，我們有很多勤奮的工作和良好的交流技巧增加成功機會的案例。

　　42．____________________was being looked into by some experts. (crash)

　　一些專家正在調查這兩列火車是怎么碰撞的。

　　43．The article points out that India is on the track to be one of the world's greatest economic powers and ____________________China by 2024. (overtake)

　　這篇文章指出印度正在成為世界經濟強國之一，并且到2024年它很有可能超過中國。

　　44．____________________ that bad weather could cause more natural disasters. (remain)

　　糟糕的天氣仍有可能會引起更多的自然災害。

　　課時作業(十四)

　　Ⅰ.1.A　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管天黑了，我的父親仍然借著月光在田野里干活。

　　2．A　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩國高層領導人之間的會談在友好的氣氛中進行著。atmosphere氣氛；state狀態；situation處境；phenomenon現象。由句意可知A項正確。

　　3．C　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：計算機革命或許像工業革命一樣能根本地改變社會。fundamentally基礎地，根本地，重要地，符合題意。insignificantly不重要的，不顯著的；comparatively相對地，對比地。

　　4．C　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：丈夫和妻子之間發生了一次激烈的爭吵；之后，妻子離家出走，再也沒回來。violent激烈的，暴力的；sensitive敏感的；serious嚴重的，嚴肅的；strict嚴格的。

　　5．A　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管大多數人知道吸煙增加得癌癥的機率，但是讓他們戒掉依然很難。multiply增加；add增加(如果add后加to則可選)；combine結合，聯合；gain獲得，得到。

　　6．B　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在經濟危機來臨之前，John就覺察到這家公司即將倒閉，于是就及時退了出來。A使車停下；B離開，(火車)駛出車站；C脫去，勝利完成；D拆毀(建筑物)，拖垮。根據句意判斷選B，表示“離開，辭職”。

　　7．A　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：相反地，你應做的是要振作起來尋找問題的解決之道。cheer up意為“振作起來”。

　　8．B　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我計劃舉行一次露天聚會，但是我不敢保證，因為這要取決于天氣。link with聯系著；depend on取決于，依賴；connect to連接；decide on決定。由句意不難推出答案為B。

　　9．B　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：愛麗絲面帶迷惑的表情看了那封信，不知道是誰寄給她的。這里是迷惑的表情，表現出她的內心感受，故用修飾人的詞來修飾expression。因此答案選B。

　　10．A　考查介詞短語辨析。句意：廣場中央的那座特殊的建筑物是現存最古老的木造建筑。in existence現存，存在；in silence保持安靜；in safety處于安全中；in need需要。根據句意答案選A。

　?、?態度決定一切。假如一個人的心態良好，始終保持樂觀的狀態，死神也會望而卻步，為他打開生命的綠燈。

　　11．B　根據第三段中的內容可知他總是心態“良好”。D項表示“平衡的”，不符合語境。

　　12．A　第三段的后半部分提到在醫生和護士對他不抱有希望時他決定自己活下來，由此可知他的話總是非常“樂觀的”。

　　13．A　根據他起死回生的經歷可知，他認為，底線是你選擇“如何”生活。后三項內容都與他的特殊經歷在語意邏輯上不符。

　　14．D　經營飯店時開著后門顯然是不應該發生的事。be supposed to do sth表示“應該做某事”。

　　15．C　此處表示在三個全副武裝的強盜的槍口的威脅下被搶劫，此處hold up表示“攔劫，搶劫”，尤指持槍搶劫。pull up表示“拔起，停車，斥責”；put up表示“舉起，建造，張貼”；do up表示“打扮，修理”，都不符合所給語境。

　　16．B　強盜的目的是錢，所以他們強迫他打開“保險箱”。safe在這里用作名詞，意為“保險箱，保險柜”。

　　17．A　根據當時的情形可推斷他因為“緊張”輸錯了密碼。

　　18．D　本段的最后部分提到他的身體中仍然殘留著子彈碎片，由此可知他們開槍打了他。

　　19．B　在強盜逃跑后，他被發現得很及時并被匆忙送往急救中心。此處relatively表示“相當地，相當程度上”。A項表示“很可能”；C項表示“僅僅”；D項表示“適度地，合理地”，明顯不符合語境。

　　20．D　上一段最后一句提到經過長達18個小時的手術和幾個星期的悉心護理，他已經出院。再結合下一句中醫生對他的安慰可知他認為那里的醫生很“好”。

　　21．C　他當時命危在旦夕，由此可推斷是被“推”進急救室的。前兩項不符合語境；文章中沒有提到他不愿接受緊急治療，所以D項錯誤。

　　22．B　他從醫生和護士臉上的“表情”中察覺到了他存活希望的渺茫。A、D兩項不符合后文語境。C項與on the faces搭配不當。

　　23．A　根據下一句可知他當時非常“恐懼”。后三項分別表示“尷尬的”、“失望的”、“煩悶的”，都與下文語境不符。

　　24．D　他從醫生和護士臉上的表情讀懂了他們所要表達的信息，此處read表示“了解，領悟”。

　　25．D　既然醫生和護士都對他不抱有希望，根據下文他的幽默可知，他需要采取“行動”。

　　26．A　上一句提到護士長問他對什么藥物過敏，然后醫生和護士停止工作等待他的答復，由此可知他“思考”了一會兒后決定活下來。