2024屆高考英語語法講解復習教案13

　　2024高考英語宏志優化設計系列語法：牛津譯林版專題7（虛擬語氣訓練解析）

　　1．（2024·北京高考）Don't handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.

　　A．is　 B．were

　　C．has been

　　D．had been

　　2．（2024·浙江高考）Had they known what was coming next，they ______ second thoughts.

　　A．may have

　　B．could haveC．must have had

　　D．might have had

　　3．（2024·陜西高考）If my car ______ more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　A．was

　　B．had been

　　C．should be

　　D．would be

　　4．（2024·遼寧高考）Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ______ something instead of just talking.

　　A．will do

　　B．has done

　　C．do

　　D．did

　　5．（2024·山東高考）If we ______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.

　　A．haven't made

　　B．wouldn't make

　　C．didn't make

　　D．hadn't made

　　6．（2024·安徽高考）Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she ______ there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.

　　A．lives

　　B．would live

　　C．has lived

　　D．were to live

　　7．（2024·福建高考）We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday.

　　A．visited

　　B．had visited

　　C．would visit

　　D．would have visited

　　8．（2024·湖南高考）Sorry，I am too busy now.If I ______ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.A．have had

　　B．had had

　　C．have

　　D．had

　　9．（2024·天津高考）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ______ us a ride home.

　　A．didn't offer

　　B．wouldn't offer

　　C．hasn't offered

　　D．hadn't offered

　　10．（2011·課標全國高考）They

　　______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

　　A．will

　　B．can

　　C．must

　　D．should

　　11．（2011·北京高考）—Where are the children？The dinner's going to be completely ruined.

　　—I wish they ______ always late.

　　A．weren't

　　B．hadn't been

　　C．wouldn't be

　　D．wouldn't have been

　　12．（2011·北京高考）Maybe if I ______ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.

　　A．studied

　　B．would study

　　C．had studied

　　D．was studying13．（2011·天津高考）I ______ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.

　　A．had come

　　B．was coming

　　C．would come

　　D．would have come

　　14．（2011·福建高考）—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.

　　—I ______ it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.

　　A．attended

　　B．had attended

　　C．would attend

　　D．would have attended

　　15．（2011·陜西高考）I______through that bitter period without your generous help.

　　A．couldn't have gone

　　B．didn't go

　　C．wouldn't go

　　D．hadn't gone

　　16．（2011·江西高考）We ______ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.

　　A．will put

　　B．will have put

　　C．would put

　　D．would have put

　　17．What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we ______ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?

　　A．must

　　B．would

　　C． should

　　D．could

　　18．I ran all the way to school yesterday，otherwise I ______ late for the annual talent show.

　　A．was

　　B．had been

　　C．would be

　　D．would have been

　　19．—What's your feeling now?

　　—I am terribly sorry.If only I ______here yesterday!

　　A．came

　　B．would have come

　　C．have come

　　D．had come

　　20．（2024·河北普通高中教學質監）I would have grabbed the ball if I ______ closer to it.

　　A．was

　　B．were

　　C．would be

　　D．had been

　　21．（2024·山西第二次四校聯考）It's everybody's desire that every effort ______ to reduce the pollution in our city.

　　A．was made

　　B．be made

　　C．will be made

　　D．would be made

　　22．（2024·北京東城區示范校綜合練習一）If he had decided where to go，he ______ on his way at present.

　　A．would be

　　B．would have been

　　C．is

　　D．were

　　23．（2024·河南中原名校聯考）Without your selfless help，I ______ such great progress.

　　A．can't make

　　B．couldn't have made

　　C．couldn't make

　　D．wouldn't make

　　24．（2024·浙江名校聯盟第一次聯考）______ a little earlier，you could have got a copy of his latest book.

　　A．If you would arrive

　　B．If you arrived

　　C．Should you arrive

　　D．Had you arrived

　　25．（2024·河南中原名校聯考）—How I wish I ______ the key with me!

　　—Then you would not have to wait for your wife's rescue.

　　A．had had

　　B．have had

　　C．had

　　D．have

　　1．B　as if條件句用虛擬語氣表示與現在的事實相反。句意：不要對待那個花瓶像它是由鋼制成似的。

　　2．D　句意：如果他們知道接下來會發生什么，他們可能就會再三考慮了。表示與過去事實相反的虛擬，主句用“might/could/should/would＋have done”。

　　3．B　根據would have driven 可知是與過去的事實相反， 故if 條件句用過去完成時。句意：如果我的車子再可靠一點的話，我就會開車而不是乘飛機去拉薩了。

　　4．D　句意：杰克是個空談家。到了他做點事而不是夸夸其談的時候了。it is high time從句中要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞多用一般過去時，或是should＋動詞原形，should 不能省略。故只有D項正確。

　　5．D　在if引導的條件虛擬句中，與過去情況相反的條件句用had done的形式，主句謂語為“情態動詞＋have done”形式。句意：如果我們沒有做好充分的準備，會議也就不會那么順利。故選D項。

　　6．D　句意：格雷斯不想搬到紐約去，因為她認為如果她住在那兒的話，就不能經常見到她的父母了。由句意可知，這是對將來事情的虛擬。故主句中要用“would＋動詞原形”，條件句中可以用were to do, 一般過去時態或者should ＋ do。所以只有D項符合題意。

　　7．D　由句子中的“我們在那個小村莊里迷了路”與otherwise可想到本題考查對過去事情的虛擬語氣；otherwise等于if we hadn't lost our way in that small village，因此其主句的謂語應用“would have done”的形式，故答案為D項。

　　8．D　句意：很抱歉，我現在很忙。要是我有時間，一定會與你去遠足的。根據句意可知，此處表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，條件句中的謂語動詞要用過去式。故D項正確。

　　9．D　句意：昨天，如果不是哈羅德讓我們搭他的車回家，我們就叫輛出租車了。表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，條件句的謂語動詞用過去完成時。

　　10．D　should have done意為“本該做某事（但實際上未做）”，符合句意。句意：他們本該在午飯的時候到達，但是他們的航班延誤了。A項為將來完成時；B項的can表推測，不能用于肯定句中；C項構成must have done結構，表示“一定做過某事”。

　　11．A　本題是考查wish后接虛擬語氣的用法，而且是對現在情況的虛擬，應用一般過去時表示。句意：——孩子們到哪兒去了？飯菜快涼了。——真希望他們不要總這么晚。

　　12．C　由“if I ...then”可知，從句是對過去事情的虛擬，應用過去完成時。句意：或許當時如果我學自然科學而不學文學的話，我就會給你更多的幫助。故選C項。

　　13．D　由空后的but I didn't know that they were waiting for me可知“我”并沒有早點來，因此第一句是一個虛擬語氣的句子。因為講述的過去的事情，所以句子應借助于“would＋have＋過去分詞”的形式。本句可以改為以下形式：I would have come sooner if I had known that they were waiting for me.句意：我本來能夠早點來，但是我不知道他們在等著我。故選D項。

　　14．D　由but后的I was busy preparing for a job interview可知說話者并沒有去聽演講，因此此處應是一個表示過去情況的虛擬語氣。對過去的事情進行虛擬時，主句應用“would＋have＋過去分詞”。本句可以改為I would have attended it if I hadn't been busy preparing for a job interview.句意：——你錯過了關于核污染的演講真是遺憾。——我本想去參加的，但是我正忙著準備工作面試。故選D項。

　　15．A　句意：如果沒有你們慷慨相助，我不可能度過那段艱辛的歲月。表達與過去事實相反的虛擬時，主句用“would/could/should/might＋have done”，故選A項。

　　16．D　句意：要不是因為約翰最近受傷的緣故，我們昨天就把他的名字寫在參賽名單上了。根據句意及“but for（倘若沒有，要不是）”可知，這里考查針對過去的虛擬，所以主句謂語部分要由would/could/might/should＋have done的形式構成，答案為D項。

　　17．C　request 后面的名詞性從句要用虛擬語氣，即“（should）＋動詞原形”。18．D　句意：昨天我一路跑到學校，不然年度才藝表演我就會遲到。本句的后半句是虛擬語氣，是對過去情況的假設，所以用would have done結構。

　　19．D　 if only 意為“要是……就好了”，由時間狀語yesterday來看，這是對過去所發生事情的虛擬，所以用過去完成時。

　　20．D　從前面的would have grabbed可知，這里是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故if從句用過去完成時態。

　　21．B　desire作名詞時，其后的同位語從句中要用“should＋do”的虛擬語氣形式，should可以省略。

　　22．A　這是錯綜時間的虛擬語氣。從句與過去事實相反，故用過去完成時；從at present可知，主句與現在事實相反，故用would be的形式。

　　23．B　句意：如果沒有你無私的幫助，我就不可能取得這么大的進步。這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故主句用“情態動詞＋have＋done”的形式。

　　24．D　從后面的could have got可知，這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故從句用過去完成時態，if省略時，用倒裝語序，故選D項。

　　25．C　wish后面的從句中要用虛擬語氣，這是與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，故用一般過去時態。這里的意思是“我多么希望我現在帶著鑰匙啊”。

　　2024高考英語宏志優化設計系列語法：牛津譯林版專題7（虛擬語氣訓練解析）

　　1．（2024·北京高考）Don't handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.

　　A．is　 B．were

　　C．has been

　　D．had been

　　2．（2024·浙江高考）Had they known what was coming next，they ______ second thoughts.

　　A．may have

　　B．could haveC．must have had

　　D．might have had

　　3．（2024·陜西高考）If my car ______ more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　A．was

　　B．had been

　　C．should be

　　D．would be

　　4．（2024·遼寧高考）Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ______ something instead of just talking.

　　A．will do

　　B．has done

　　C．do

　　D．did

　　5．（2024·山東高考）If we ______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.

　　A．haven't made

　　B．wouldn't make

　　C．didn't make

　　D．hadn't made

　　6．（2024·安徽高考）Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she ______ there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.

　　A．lives

　　B．would live

　　C．has lived

　　D．were to live

　　7．（2024·福建高考）We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday.

　　A．visited

　　B．had visited

　　C．would visit

　　D．would have visited

　　8．（2024·湖南高考）Sorry，I am too busy now.If I ______ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.A．have had

　　B．had had

　　C．have

　　D．had

　　9．（2024·天津高考）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ______ us a ride home.

　　A．didn't offer

　　B．wouldn't offer

　　C．hasn't offered

　　D．hadn't offered

　　10．（2011·課標全國高考）They

　　______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

　　A．will

　　B．can

　　C．must

　　D．should

　　11．（2011·北京高考）—Where are the children？The dinner's going to be completely ruined.

　　—I wish they ______ always late.

　　A．weren't

　　B．hadn't been

　　C．wouldn't be

　　D．wouldn't have been

　　12．（2011·北京高考）Maybe if I ______ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.

　　A．studied

　　B．would study

　　C．had studied

　　D．was studying13．（2011·天津高考）I ______ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.

　　A．had come

　　B．was coming

　　C．would come

　　D．would have come

　　14．（2011·福建高考）—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.

　　—I ______ it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.

　　A．attended

　　B．had attended

　　C．would attend

　　D．would have attended

　　15．（2011·陜西高考）I______through that bitter period without your generous help.

　　A．couldn't have gone

　　B．didn't go

　　C．wouldn't go

　　D．hadn't gone

　　16．（2011·江西高考）We ______ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.

　　A．will put

　　B．will have put

　　C．would put

　　D．would have put

　　17．What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we ______ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?

　　A．must

　　B．would

　　C． should

　　D．could

　　18．I ran all the way to school yesterday，otherwise I ______ late for the annual talent show.

　　A．was

　　B．had been

　　C．would be

　　D．would have been

　　19．—What's your feeling now?

　　—I am terribly sorry.If only I ______here yesterday!

　　A．came

　　B．would have come

　　C．have come

　　D．had come

　　20．（2024·河北普通高中教學質監）I would have grabbed the ball if I ______ closer to it.

　　A．was

　　B．were

　　C．would be

　　D．had been

　　21．（2024·山西第二次四校聯考）It's everybody's desire that every effort ______ to reduce the pollution in our city.

　　A．was made

　　B．be made

　　C．will be made

　　D．would be made

　　22．（2024·北京東城區示范校綜合練習一）If he had decided where to go，he ______ on his way at present.

　　A．would be

　　B．would have been

　　C．is

　　D．were

　　23．（2024·河南中原名校聯考）Without your selfless help，I ______ such great progress.

　　A．can't make

　　B．couldn't have made

　　C．couldn't make

　　D．wouldn't make

　　24．（2024·浙江名校聯盟第一次聯考）______ a little earlier，you could have got a copy of his latest book.

　　A．If you would arrive

　　B．If you arrived

　　C．Should you arrive

　　D．Had you arrived

　　25．（2024·河南中原名校聯考）—How I wish I ______ the key with me!

　　—Then you would not have to wait for your wife's rescue.

　　A．had had

　　B．have had

　　C．had

　　D．have

　　1．B　as if條件句用虛擬語氣表示與現在的事實相反。句意：不要對待那個花瓶像它是由鋼制成似的。

　　2．D　句意：如果他們知道接下來會發生什么，他們可能就會再三考慮了。表示與過去事實相反的虛擬，主句用“might/could/should/would＋have done”。

　　3．B　根據would have driven 可知是與過去的事實相反， 故if 條件句用過去完成時。句意：如果我的車子再可靠一點的話，我就會開車而不是乘飛機去拉薩了。

　　4．D　句意：杰克是個空談家。到了他做點事而不是夸夸其談的時候了。it is high time從句中要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞多用一般過去時，或是should＋動詞原形，should 不能省略。故只有D項正確。

　　5．D　在if引導的條件虛擬句中，與過去情況相反的條件句用had done的形式，主句謂語為“情態動詞＋have done”形式。句意：如果我們沒有做好充分的準備，會議也就不會那么順利。故選D項。

　　6．D　句意：格雷斯不想搬到紐約去，因為她認為如果她住在那兒的話，就不能經常見到她的父母了。由句意可知，這是對將來事情的虛擬。故主句中要用“would＋動詞原形”，條件句中可以用were to do, 一般過去時態或者should ＋ do。所以只有D項符合題意。

　　7．D　由句子中的“我們在那個小村莊里迷了路”與otherwise可想到本題考查對過去事情的虛擬語氣；otherwise等于if we hadn't lost our way in that small village，因此其主句的謂語應用“would have done”的形式，故答案為D項。

　　8．D　句意：很抱歉，我現在很忙。要是我有時間，一定會與你去遠足的。根據句意可知，此處表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，條件句中的謂語動詞要用過去式。故D項正確。

　　9．D　句意：昨天，如果不是哈羅德讓我們搭他的車回家，我們就叫輛出租車了。表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，條件句的謂語動詞用過去完成時。

　　10．D　should have done意為“本該做某事（但實際上未做）”，符合句意。句意：他們本該在午飯的時候到達，但是他們的航班延誤了。A項為將來完成時；B項的can表推測，不能用于肯定句中；C項構成must have done結構，表示“一定做過某事”。

　　11．A　本題是考查wish后接虛擬語氣的用法，而且是對現在情況的虛擬，應用一般過去時表示。句意：——孩子們到哪兒去了？飯菜快涼了。——真希望他們不要總這么晚。

　　12．C　由“if I ...then”可知，從句是對過去事情的虛擬，應用過去完成時。句意：或許當時如果我學自然科學而不學文學的話，我就會給你更多的幫助。故選C項。

　　13．D　由空后的but I didn't know that they were waiting for me可知“我”并沒有早點來，因此第一句是一個虛擬語氣的句子。因為講述的過去的事情，所以句子應借助于“would＋have＋過去分詞”的形式。本句可以改為以下形式：I would have come sooner if I had known that they were waiting for me.句意：我本來能夠早點來，但是我不知道他們在等著我。故選D項。

　　14．D　由but后的I was busy preparing for a job interview可知說話者并沒有去聽演講，因此此處應是一個表示過去情況的虛擬語氣。對過去的事情進行虛擬時，主句應用“would＋have＋過去分詞”。本句可以改為I would have attended it if I hadn't been busy preparing for a job interview.句意：——你錯過了關于核污染的演講真是遺憾。——我本想去參加的，但是我正忙著準備工作面試。故選D項。

　　15．A　句意：如果沒有你們慷慨相助，我不可能度過那段艱辛的歲月。表達與過去事實相反的虛擬時，主句用“would/could/should/might＋have done”，故選A項。

　　16．D　句意：要不是因為約翰最近受傷的緣故，我們昨天就把他的名字寫在參賽名單上了。根據句意及“but for（倘若沒有，要不是）”可知，這里考查針對過去的虛擬，所以主句謂語部分要由would/could/might/should＋have done的形式構成，答案為D項。

　　17．C　request 后面的名詞性從句要用虛擬語氣，即“（should）＋動詞原形”。18．D　句意：昨天我一路跑到學校，不然年度才藝表演我就會遲到。本句的后半句是虛擬語氣，是對過去情況的假設，所以用would have done結構。

　　19．D　 if only 意為“要是……就好了”，由時間狀語yesterday來看，這是對過去所發生事情的虛擬，所以用過去完成時。

　　20．D　從前面的would have grabbed可知，這里是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故if從句用過去完成時態。

　　21．B　desire作名詞時，其后的同位語從句中要用“should＋do”的虛擬語氣形式，should可以省略。

　　22．A　這是錯綜時間的虛擬語氣。從句與過去事實相反，故用過去完成時；從at present可知，主句與現在事實相反，故用would be的形式。

　　23．B　句意：如果沒有你無私的幫助，我就不可能取得這么大的進步。這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故主句用“情態動詞＋have＋done”的形式。

　　24．D　從后面的could have got可知，這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故從句用過去完成時態，if省略時，用倒裝語序，故選D項。

　　25．C　wish后面的從句中要用虛擬語氣，這是與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，故用一般過去時態。這里的意思是“我多么希望我現在帶著鑰匙啊”。