【新人教版】（廣東專版）高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)同步精練（附解析）：選修8 Unit 3　Inventors and inventions（附解析）

　　Unit 3　Inventors and inventions

　　Ⅰ. 完形填空

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　One student took a box of chicken to class.Another carried on a cell-phone __1__ and still another whistled loudly every time the __2__ turned his back.Reform school？No. College.

　　More and more，professors say，they are coming across __3__ students in their classrooms.Many of today’s young scholars arrive late，leave __4__，talk loud or take care of personal __5__ such as paying bills during class.Why are the students behaving badly？“Because they can，” said a student of University of North Texas.“A lot of the time，the professors let them get away with it.”

　　Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms and even __6__ taking some of the blame for bad behavior.They say that rude students are by no means the majority but that one of them can ruin an entire __7__.

　　People are __8__ when they learn that impolite behavior is becoming more and more common in __9__ education，says Dr. Gerald Amanda，a counselor at City College of San Francisco.They __10__ some high school students to misbehave but think those who get to __11__ will behave more politely.

　　Dr. Amanda believes that society in general has become more tolerant of rude behavior and that people in power，including professors，no longer __12__ standards for __13__.That leads to a growing imprudence(輕率行為)among some college students.“There’s a great deal of bad behavior in the world around them，and young people see it and __14__ disrespect，”said Dr. Amanda，__15__ that sometimes students “have no idea that they are being rude.”

　　【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文描述的是大學(xué)課堂的不良行為引發(fā)教育家們對大學(xué)生的不良行為的不同態(tài)度。

　　1．A.line

　　B．conversation

　　C．message

　　D．picture

　　解析：第一段描述大學(xué)課堂上學(xué)生的不良行為：有的吃東西，有的打電話，有的吹口哨。carry on a conversation在談話。

　　答案：B

　　2．A.professor

　　B．student

　　C．president

　　D．classmate

　　解析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息詞class和college，可以判定應(yīng)該填professor。下一段第一句也有提示。

　　答案：A

　　3．A.selfish

　　B．cheating

　　C．rude

　　D．hardworking

　　解析：從第一段對學(xué)生在課堂上的行為描述和下面提出的問題“Why are the students behaving badly？”，以及第三段的“Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms”，我們可以知道此空應(yīng)填rude。

　　答案：C

　　4．A.late

　　B．early

　　C．noisily

　　D．quietly

　　解析：很多學(xué)生晚來早走，表現(xiàn)不好。late和early相對。

　　答案：B

　　5.A.feeling

　　B．interest

　　C．computer

　　D．business

　　解析：take care of personal business處理個人事務(wù)。從下面的例子such as paying bills during class可知。

　　答案：D

　　6．A.enjoy

　　B．hate

　　C．start

　　D．a(chǎn)void

　　解析：一些教育家說到是把文明禮貌帶回課堂的時候了，他們甚至開始愿為這些不良行為負一些責(zé)任。take the blame負過失的責(zé)任。

　　答案：C

　　7．A.school

　　B．company

　　C．society

　　D．class

　　解析：不良的學(xué)生絕不是大多數(shù)，但即使有一個也會毀壞整個班級的聲譽。從上句的classroom想到用class。其他選項脫離了具體語境。

　　答案：D

　　8．A.delighted

　　B．surprised

　　C．interested

　　D．encouraged

　　解析：人們聽說在高等學(xué)府不禮貌的行為越來越普遍時，感到很驚訝。

　　答案：B

　　9．A.better

　　B．more

　　C．higher

　　D．younger

　　解析：本文講的是大學(xué)課堂里發(fā)生的事，大學(xué)屬于高等教育，即high education。

　　答案：C

　　10．A.expect

　　B．hope

　　C．forbid

　　D．wish

　　答案：A

　　11．A.work

　　B．college

　　C．learning

　　D．knowledge

　　解析：人們本來預(yù)料中學(xué)生會做一些不禮貌的事，等他們到了大學(xué)，這些學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)會好得多。事實出乎人們的預(yù)料，這也證明8空應(yīng)填surprised。

　　答案：B

　　12．A.change

　　B．break

　　C．set

　　D．reach

　　答案：C

　　13．A.teaching

　　B．politeness

　　C．thinking

　　D．progress

　　解析：set a standard for為……定下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如：set a high standard for one’s work對自己的工作提出高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。

　　答案：B

　　14．A.prepare

　　B．grow

　　C．develop

　　D．improve

　　解析：社會上有很多不禮貌行為，年輕人看到后而效仿。disrespect即為bad behavior，develop意為to expandor enlarge(擴展，使變大，發(fā)展)。improve的意思是to make or become better(變好)，這里不能用。

　　答案：C

　　15．A.speaking

　　B．a(chǎn)dding

　　C．warning

　　D．wishing

　　解析：adding that...是伴隨狀語。add的意思是“又說、補充說”。

　　答案：B

　　Ⅱ. 詞匯運用

　　1．Researchers in this field ________(有了一些重大的新發(fā)現(xiàn))．

　　2．At what age are children able ________(明辨是非)?

　　3．A bicycle ________(比汽車更方便) in towns.

　　4．There was a ________(普遍希望他會贏)．

　　5．The details of today’s flights ________(列在顯示屏上)．

　　6．The contract had been ________(有效地) drawn up.

　　7．We ________(收到400份申請) for the job.

　　8．The ice is too thin ________(承受不住你的重量)．

　　9．The helicopters ________(像兩個小黑點出現(xiàn)) on the horizon.

　　10．Someone ________(輕輕叩門)．

　　11．State your reasons ________(按重要性順序)．

　　答案：1.have made some important new discoveries　2.to distinguish right from wrong　3.is often more convenient than a car　4.general expectation that he would win　5.are displayed on the monitor

　　6．validly　7.received 400 applications　8.to bear your weight　9.appeared as two black dots

　　10．tapped at the door　11. in order of importance

　　Ⅲ.閱讀理解

　　Many years ago，when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver，I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station(加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City，where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款臺)，I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.

　　I took_off，but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend’s.We chatted on the way into the city，and when I got out of the car，the husband gave me his business card.

　　I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me.Soon afterward，I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.

　　Years later，I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day，and the battery(電池) was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership—a shop selling cars—was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.

　　“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment，so when I got home，I wrote them a note to say thanks.I received a letter back from one of the salesmen.No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you，and it meant a lot，he said.

　　“Thank you”—two powerful words.They’re easy to say and mean so much.

　　1.The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City________.

　　A．to visit a friend

　　B．to see his parents

　　C．to pay at the cash register

　　D．to have more gas for his car

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“...where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.”可知A項正確。

　　答案：A

　　2．The words “took off” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean “________”．

　　A．turned off

　　B．moved off

　　C．put up

　　D．set up

　　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本句后半部分(but had gone only a few miles when black smoke...)的描寫可推測took off 在此是“離開”的意思。

　　答案：B

　　3．What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his car?

　　A．He had it pulled back to the gas station.

　　B．The couple sent him a business card.

　　C．The couple offered to help him.

　　D．He called his friend for help.

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 “It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend’s.”可判斷C項正確。B項是他們分別之際所發(fā)生的行為，不符合題干要求。

　　答案：C

　　4．The battery of the author’s car was dead because________.

　　A．something went wrong with the lights

　　B．the meeting lasted a whole day

　　C．he forgot to turn off the lights

　　D．he drove too long a distance

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段 “In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day，and the battery(電池)was dead.”可知C項正確。其余三項在本文中沒有信息支持。

　　答案：C

　　5．By telling his own experiences，the author tries to show ________.

　　A．how to write a thank-you letter

　　B．how to deal with car problems

　　C．the kind-heartedness of older people

　　D．the importance of expressing thanks

　　解析：推理判斷題。文章最后一段點明了寫作意圖。

　　答案：D

　　Unit 3　Inventors and inventions

　　Ⅰ. 完形填空

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　One student took a box of chicken to class.Another carried on a cell-phone __1__ and still another whistled loudly every time the __2__ turned his back.Reform school？No. College.

　　More and more，professors say，they are coming across __3__ students in their classrooms.Many of today’s young scholars arrive late，leave __4__，talk loud or take care of personal __5__ such as paying bills during class.Why are the students behaving badly？“Because they can，” said a student of University of North Texas.“A lot of the time，the professors let them get away with it.”

　　Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms and even __6__ taking some of the blame for bad behavior.They say that rude students are by no means the majority but that one of them can ruin an entire __7__.

　　People are __8__ when they learn that impolite behavior is becoming more and more common in __9__ education，says Dr. Gerald Amanda，a counselor at City College of San Francisco.They __10__ some high school students to misbehave but think those who get to __11__ will behave more politely.

　　Dr. Amanda believes that society in general has become more tolerant of rude behavior and that people in power，including professors，no longer __12__ standards for __13__.That leads to a growing imprudence(輕率行為)among some college students.“There’s a great deal of bad behavior in the world around them，and young people see it and __14__ disrespect，”said Dr. Amanda，__15__ that sometimes students “have no idea that they are being rude.”

　　【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文描述的是大學(xué)課堂的不良行為引發(fā)教育家們對大學(xué)生的不良行為的不同態(tài)度。

　　1．A.line

　　B．conversation

　　C．message

　　D．picture

　　解析：第一段描述大學(xué)課堂上學(xué)生的不良行為：有的吃東西，有的打電話，有的吹口哨。carry on a conversation在談話。

　　答案：B

　　2．A.professor

　　B．student

　　C．president

　　D．classmate

　　解析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息詞class和college，可以判定應(yīng)該填professor。下一段第一句也有提示。

　　答案：A

　　3．A.selfish

　　B．cheating

　　C．rude

　　D．hardworking

　　解析：從第一段對學(xué)生在課堂上的行為描述和下面提出的問題“Why are the students behaving badly？”，以及第三段的“Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms”，我們可以知道此空應(yīng)填rude。

　　答案：C

　　4．A.late

　　B．early

　　C．noisily

　　D．quietly

　　解析：很多學(xué)生晚來早走，表現(xiàn)不好。late和early相對。

　　答案：B

　　5.A.feeling

　　B．interest

　　C．computer

　　D．business

　　解析：take care of personal business處理個人事務(wù)。從下面的例子such as paying bills during class可知。

　　答案：D

　　6．A.enjoy

　　B．hate

　　C．start

　　D．a(chǎn)void

　　解析：一些教育家說到是把文明禮貌帶回課堂的時候了，他們甚至開始愿為這些不良行為負一些責(zé)任。take the blame負過失的責(zé)任。

　　答案：C

　　7．A.school

　　B．company

　　C．society

　　D．class

　　解析：不良的學(xué)生絕不是大多數(shù)，但即使有一個也會毀壞整個班級的聲譽。從上句的classroom想到用class。其他選項脫離了具體語境。

　　答案：D

　　8．A.delighted

　　B．surprised

　　C．interested

　　D．encouraged

　　解析：人們聽說在高等學(xué)府不禮貌的行為越來越普遍時，感到很驚訝。

　　答案：B

　　9．A.better

　　B．more

　　C．higher

　　D．younger

　　解析：本文講的是大學(xué)課堂里發(fā)生的事，大學(xué)屬于高等教育，即high education。

　　答案：C

　　10．A.expect

　　B．hope

　　C．forbid

　　D．wish

　　答案：A

　　11．A.work

　　B．college

　　C．learning

　　D．knowledge

　　解析：人們本來預(yù)料中學(xué)生會做一些不禮貌的事，等他們到了大學(xué)，這些學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)會好得多。事實出乎人們的預(yù)料，這也證明8空應(yīng)填surprised。

　　答案：B

　　12．A.change

　　B．break

　　C．set

　　D．reach

　　答案：C

　　13．A.teaching

　　B．politeness

　　C．thinking

　　D．progress

　　解析：set a standard for為……定下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如：set a high standard for one’s work對自己的工作提出高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。

　　答案：B

　　14．A.prepare

　　B．grow

　　C．develop

　　D．improve

　　解析：社會上有很多不禮貌行為，年輕人看到后而效仿。disrespect即為bad behavior，develop意為to expandor enlarge(擴展，使變大，發(fā)展)。improve的意思是to make or become better(變好)，這里不能用。

　　答案：C

　　15．A.speaking

　　B．a(chǎn)dding

　　C．warning

　　D．wishing

　　解析：adding that...是伴隨狀語。add的意思是“又說、補充說”。

　　答案：B

　　Ⅱ. 詞匯運用

　　1．Researchers in this field ________(有了一些重大的新發(fā)現(xiàn))．

　　2．At what age are children able ________(明辨是非)?

　　3．A bicycle ________(比汽車更方便) in towns.

　　4．There was a ________(普遍希望他會贏)．

　　5．The details of today’s flights ________(列在顯示屏上)．

　　6．The contract had been ________(有效地) drawn up.

　　7．We ________(收到400份申請) for the job.

　　8．The ice is too thin ________(承受不住你的重量)．

　　9．The helicopters ________(像兩個小黑點出現(xiàn)) on the horizon.

　　10．Someone ________(輕輕叩門)．

　　11．State your reasons ________(按重要性順序)．

　　答案：1.have made some important new discoveries　2.to distinguish right from wrong　3.is often more convenient than a car　4.general expectation that he would win　5.are displayed on the monitor

　　6．validly　7.received 400 applications　8.to bear your weight　9.appeared as two black dots

　　10．tapped at the door　11. in order of importance

　　Ⅲ.閱讀理解

　　Many years ago，when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver，I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station(加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City，where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款臺)，I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.

　　I took_off，but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend’s.We chatted on the way into the city，and when I got out of the car，the husband gave me his business card.

　　I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me.Soon afterward，I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.

　　Years later，I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day，and the battery(電池) was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership—a shop selling cars—was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.

　　“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment，so when I got home，I wrote them a note to say thanks.I received a letter back from one of the salesmen.No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you，and it meant a lot，he said.

　　“Thank you”—two powerful words.They’re easy to say and mean so much.

　　1.The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City________.

　　A．to visit a friend

　　B．to see his parents

　　C．to pay at the cash register

　　D．to have more gas for his car

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“...where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.”可知A項正確。

　　答案：A

　　2．The words “took off” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean “________”．

　　A．turned off

　　B．moved off

　　C．put up

　　D．set up

　　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本句后半部分(but had gone only a few miles when black smoke...)的描寫可推測took off 在此是“離開”的意思。

　　答案：B

　　3．What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his car?

　　A．He had it pulled back to the gas station.

　　B．The couple sent him a business card.

　　C．The couple offered to help him.

　　D．He called his friend for help.

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 “It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend’s.”可判斷C項正確。B項是他們分別之際所發(fā)生的行為，不符合題干要求。

　　答案：C

　　4．The battery of the author’s car was dead because________.

　　A．something went wrong with the lights

　　B．the meeting lasted a whole day

　　C．he forgot to turn off the lights

　　D．he drove too long a distance

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段 “In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day，and the battery(電池)was dead.”可知C項正確。其余三項在本文中沒有信息支持。

　　答案：C

　　5．By telling his own experiences，the author tries to show ________.

　　A．how to write a thank-you letter

　　B．how to deal with car problems

　　C．the kind-heartedness of older people

　　D．the importance of expressing thanks

　　解析：推理判斷題。文章最后一段點明了寫作意圖。

　　答案：D