2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)夯實練習(xí)：必修3U4《Astronomythe science of the stars》（新人教版含解析）

　　2024高考英語（人教版）必修3U4一輪夯實練習(xí)及答案

　　一、單句語法填空

　　1．Reading in bed will do harm ________ your eyes.

　　2．It is impossible for a cock to lay ________ (egg)．

　　3．(2024·浙江，16)If steel is heavier than water，why are ships able ________ (float)on the sea?

　　4．(2024·江西，閱讀A)In his black and blue suit and with ________ oxygen tank fastened on his back，Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.

　　5．(2024·福建，閱讀B)The climate here ________ (be)quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，if ever，reaching 30℃ in summer.

　　6．Our success depends ________ whether everyone works hard.

　　7．(2024·陜西，閱讀C)The destruction of such species could prevent researchers ________ (find)cures for certain diseases.

　　8．It was difficult for the helicopters ________ (get)close to the roof of the building because of the heavy smoke.

　　9．(2024·天津，6)We have launched another man－made satellite，________ is announced in today's newspaper.

　　10．Now that they have computers，it becomes ________ (easy)to deal with the problems.

　　答案　1.to　2.eggs　3.to float　4.an　5.is　6.on

　　7．finding　8.to get　9.which　10.easier

　　Elaine was a saleswoman，who drove all over the city five days a week.When all the freeway lanes were at a dead stop，she would drive quickly along the emergency lane.While driving she usually__1__on her cellphone，drinking a soda or eating a sandwich—her hands，legs and mouth were always__2__while she was driving.

　　Last night she got__3__in Friday evening rush hour.She was going to be __4__for her date.She was already__5__when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped.Elaine drove__6__over to the emergency lane.Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror.She had to__7__her car.A good-looking officer walked up.

　　“Officer，my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant.I have constant morning sickness.I’m just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my__8__.” She looked at the officer with__9__eyes.

　　He looked at her pitifully，then said__10__，“Okay，ma’am.Take the first exit.I hope you’ll be feeling better.”

　　The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on.This was the second time that__11__had worked for her.She had one more thing to do before she got home.She had to mail a package.When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm，no parking was__12__，except for the handicapped space.Elaine drove right into it.She would only be a minute，she told__13__.All she had to do was __14__the post office，get the package__15__，and pay the clerk.

　　Fortunately，there was no__16__in the store.Everything was done so __17__that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car.Then she stopped__18__.There was an envelope on the windshield (擋風(fēng)玻璃)．She opened it slowly.She knew__19__it was，but not how much it was.She screamed when she saw the__20__.A dog started barking.

　　語篇解讀　本文主要講述了在晚上回家的途中發(fā)生在女推銷員Elaine身上的事情。

　　1.A.depended B．carried

　　C．talked D．sold

　　解析　她在開車時通常打電話、喝蘇打汽水或吃三明治。talk(to sb.)on one’s cellphone意為“用手機(和某人)通話”。

　　答案　C

　　2．A.full B．open

　　C．free D．busy

　　解析　在開車時她的手、腿和嘴巴總是閑不住。busy忙碌的，符合語境。

　　答案　D

　　3． A.stuck B．hurt

　　C．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．punished

　　解析　昨晚她趕上了周五晚上的交通高峰期。get stuck in意為陷入……。

　　答案　A

　　4．A.late B．ready

　　C．excited D．mad

　　解析　她的約會要遲到了。be late for遲到，符合語境。

　　答案　A

　　5．A.satisfiedB．a(chǎn)ngry

　　C．exhausted D．calm

　　解析　就在事情似乎變得更糟糕，所有的交通都停止的時候，她已經(jīng)生氣了。angry生氣的，發(fā)怒的。

　　答案　B

　　6．A.reluctantly

　　B．immediately

　　C．guiltily D．gratefully

　　解析　Elaine立即(immediately)將車開上應(yīng)急車道。此空與文章第一段第二句中的“quickly”相呼應(yīng)。

　　答案　B

　　7．A.stop

　　B．start

　　C．discard D．speed

　　解析　她不得不將車停(stop)下。

　　答案　A

　　8．A.gas

　　B．ticket

　　C．medicine D．package

　　解析　她說她只是想到最近的商店買點兒藥(medicine)。

　　答案　C

　　9．A.innocent B．a(chǎn)ggressive

　　C．a(chǎn)ddicted D．proud

　　解析　她用無辜的(innocent)眼神望著那名警官。

　　答案　A

　　10．A.softly B．rudely

　　C．strictly D．skeptically

　　解析　他滿懷同情地看著她，溫和地(softly)說：“那行，女士。走第一個出口吧。我希望你會好起來。”

　　答案　A 11．A.officer B．excuse

　　C．driver

　　D．mistake

　　解析　這是那個借口(excuse)第二次奏效了。

　　答案　B

　　12．A.adoptable B．a(chǎn)ccessible

　　C．a(chǎn)cceptable D．a(chǎn)vailable

　　解析　當(dāng)她晚上7點鐘到達(dá)購物中心的時候，除了殘疾人專區(qū)外，已沒有可供使用的(available)泊車位。

　　答案　D

　　13．A.the clerk B．the guard

　　C．the worker D．herself

　　解析　她告訴自己，只會停一分鐘。反身代詞herself在此作told的賓語。

　　答案　D

　　14．A.take out B．get out

　　C．run into

　　D．push into

　　解析　她要做的就是跑進(jìn)(run into)郵局，將包裹稱重(weighed)，并付錢給工作人員。

　　答案　C

　　15．A.weighed B．printed

　　C．repaired D．paid

　　解析　參見上題解析。

　　答案　A

　　16．A.car B．line

　　C．police D．service

　　解析　幸運的是，不需要排隊。line隊伍，行列，符合語境。

　　答案　B

　　17．A.quickly B．slowly

　　C．strangely D．quietly

　　解析　一切都做得很快(quickly)以至于她往回走向汽車時竟吹起了口哨。

　　答案　A

　　18．A.talking　

　　B．driving

　　C．thinking D．whistling

　　解析　她停止吹口哨(whistling)。

　　答案　D

　　19．A.how

　　B．why

　　C．what D．that

　　解析　她知道那是什么(what)，但她不知道是多少。

　　答案　C

　　20．A.letter B．order

　　C．a(chǎn)mount

　　D．invitation

　　解析　當(dāng)她看到罰單上的金額(amount)時，她尖叫起來。

　　答案　C

　　三、閱讀理解

　　A

　　“One City One Book” is a generic name (通稱) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gaines’s A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451.

　　“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library’s Washington Center for the Book.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.

　　Each city’s program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，it’s not an exercise in civics，and that it’s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work of literature.”

　　Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.

　　American Library Association puts out a detailed step-by-step guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.

　　【語篇解讀　本文是說明文，介紹了美國開展的“一個城市，一本書”的讀書活動。

　　4．“One City One Book” programs________.

　　A．a(chǎn)sk everyone in a city to donate one book

　　B．can rid a city of racial divide through reading

　　C．choose short stories for people to read

　　D．encourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段第一句可知，這個活動旨在讓同一個城市的人們讀同一本書并共同評論這本書。

　　答案　D

　　5．We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs________.

　　A．became popular very quickly

　　B．have been held more than 400 times in Seattle

　　C．were sponsored by the Library of Congress

　　D．reached its peak in 2007

　　解析　推理判斷題。從文章第二段可知，當(dāng)西雅圖在1998年首先推出這個活動以后，其他城市也紛紛效仿，到2007年這個活動已經(jīng)在400多個城市推出，可見這個活動流行得非常迅速。

　　答案　A

　　6．We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl________.

　　A．expects much from the programs

　　B．didn’t expect that the programs would run so well

　　C．has a practical attitude towards the programs

　　D．believes the programs will push forward community building

　　解析　推理判斷題。從文章第三段中Nancy Pearl的話可知，她警告人們不要對這個活動期望太多，說明她對這個活動持有十分務(wù)實的態(tài)度。

　　答案　C

　　7．What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?

　　A．It picks out the city which runs the programs well.

　　B．It gives free books to the host city.

　　C．It gives a practical guide to the programs.

　　D．It keeps a record of all known programs.

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，美國圖書館協(xié)會負(fù)責(zé)具體指導(dǎo)活動的開展。

　　答案　C

　　B

　　In Los Angeles, drivers spend sixty-one hours every year stuck in traffic. These drivers know all too well how bad the traffic can be. “There're too many cars, and you can't move around a lot.”

　　Professor Cyrus Shahabi also knows about traffic jams. He lives more than 65 kilometers from his office at the University of Southern California, in Los Angeles. He is always late even with the help of a navigation (導(dǎo)航) system.

　　He decided to develop a program called ClearPath for that. He says his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house. “What’s unique is that we use a lot of data that’s currently become available including traffic data, weather data, and we analyze that so that we can predict what's going to happen in front of you when you leave home.”

　　Professor Shahabi says his system does more than just respond to current traffic conditions. With ClearPath, he says, a driver can decide what time he wants to leave, and ClearPath will give the fastest route. It looks at the entire road network, including surface streets as well as highways, before the driver hits the road. Professor Shahabi hopes to have ClearPath available nationwide and overseas once they can collect traffic data from other cities.

　　“I always thought that Los Angeles had the worst traffic, but now I know that Shanghai, Beijing, Seoul, Tokyo, believe it or not, Singapore, Hong Kong certainly are examples that can immediately use this. ”

　　Professor Shahabi hopes to share this new technology with companies that already have navigation systems, such as Google and Apple.

　　1.Drivers in Los Angeles were mentioned in order to__________.

　　A. show care for them

　　B. introduce their life

　　C. solve traffic problems

　　D. raise the topic

　　2.What is unique about ClearPath?

　　A. It can use a lot of information all over the world.

　　B. It can ensure that you will never be late for work.

　　C. It helps drivers see clearly what happens on the road.

　　D. It helps drivers know the road conditions ahead of time.

　　3.The underlined word “hits” in the fifth paragraph probably means __________.

　　A. have an accident

　　B. get to

　　C. turn left or right

　　D. collect traffic data

　　4.What's Professor Shahabi’s attitude toward his invention?

　　A. Disappointed.

　　B. Proud.

　　C. Optimistic.

　　D. Worried.

　　參考答案1—4、DDBC

　　四、七選五

　　【陜西省西北工業(yè)大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2024第六次模擬】

　　情景對話（共5小題; 每小題1分，滿分5分）

　　根據(jù)對話情景和內(nèi)容，從對話后所給的選項中選出能填入每一空白處的最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。選項中有兩個為多余選項。

　　Librarian: Good morning, Northwest College Library. How can I help you?

　　Man:

　　6

　　.

　　Librarian: Are you a student at Northwest College?

　　Man:

　　No, I’m not.

　　7

　　Librarian: That’s right, it is.

　　8

　　Man:

　　Yes, I am.

　　Librarian: That’s no problem then.

　　Man:

　　9

　　Librarian: Well, you’ll need to come in to the library and fill out some forms.

　　Man:

　　Okay.

　　10

　　. Thanks. Bye.

　　Librarian: Goodbye.

　　A. Do you want to join our library?

　　B. What do I have to do to join?

　　C. I’ll be along later this week to join the library.

　　D. Someone told me it was possible to join, even if I wasn’t.

　　E. I’ve got a current student card from another college.

　　F. I was wondering if it was possible to join the library.

　　G. Are you 18? That’s our minimum joining age.

　　【參考答案】情景對話：6-10 FDGBC