【名師小課堂】2024屆高三英語新人教版一輪復習閱讀寫作技能課件：10 首尾定位法巧解排序題
排序題通常出現在說明文、記敘文或人物傳記類的文章或段落的理解題中。要求根據某人所經歷事情的時間先后排序，或按某事物的發展變化過程排序，或按操作程序或制作過程先后排序，或許按重要性排序等。
這類題屬于事實細節題，只需淺層理解，難度較小，一般從閱讀材料中可以直接找到答案，但是這種題容易錯，比較耗時間。題中含有原文單詞、詞組、句型的轉述，再以a, b, c, d, e, f 等給事件標上序號。
首尾定位法巧解排序題
解答這類題的具體過程如下：
第一步，在a～f中畫出關鍵詞或特征詞。
第二步，尋讀，在文中找到a～f的對應信息，并在文中標上a～f。這樣可使順序一目了然，也減少閱讀量。
注意年代數詞和表示時間先后關系的詞，如then, after, shortly after, afterwards, after that, before that, in the same year, later, and, next , at last, finally, so等。
第三步，弄清“首事件”和“尾事件”，利用“排除法”，迅速縮小范圍，快速選出正確答案。也就是所謂的“首尾定位法”。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 1. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage? A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
即學即用 本文為記敘文, 主要講述了著名美國文學家弗蘭西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品。
A， 細節理解題。由文章中第三段的兩處關鍵詞novel和greatest success可知他的小說有：This side of paradise, The Beautiful and Damned,
The Great Gatsby,（須排除兩處干擾項的關鍵詞collection of short stories 短篇小說集），第四段的第四句的關鍵詞novels 提到Tender Is the Night and The love of the last Tycoon，共計5篇小說。
2. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald
____________.
A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama
B. was well educated and well off before he served in the army C. would have completed more works if his wife hadn’t broken down D. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital
C， 推理判斷題。由第四段第一句的However, Fitzgerald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing可知，Ielda和妻子間的問題影響到了他的創作。
3. The passage is mainly about
.
A. Fitzgerald’s family and work
B. Fitzgerald’s life and literary works
C. how Fitzgerald fell in love with Zelda D. how Fitzgerald got addicted to alcohol
B， 主旨大意題。通過跳讀和尋讀可得知第一、二段主要講述了菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活，第三段簡介他的作品，第四段講述了在他妻子生病、自己酗酒期間他完成了兩部小說，由此得知本文主要講述著名文學家菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品 。
4. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about
.
A. Zelda’s personal life
B. Zelda’s illness and treatment C. Fitzgerald’s friendship with Graham D. Fitzgerald’s contributions to the literary world
D ，推理判斷題。根據人物傳記的特點和本段對菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述,
說明了菲茨杰拉德的作品對文學界的意義,
因此最后總結的應是關于菲茨杰拉德對文學界的貢獻。
5. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life according to the passage? a. He became addicted to drinking.
b. He studied at St. Paul Academy.
c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.
d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.
e. He failed to reorder his life.
f. He joined the army and met Zelda.
A. f-c-e-a-b-d
B. b-e-a-f-c-d
C. f-d-e-c-b-a
D. b-f-c-d-e-a
D， 把握事件發生順序。題干關鍵詞為 correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life可知本題是要求考生把握事件發生的順序。句子b和f在第一段，時間連接詞分別為once和in 1917,句子c和d在第三段，時間連接詞分別為in 1920和in 1925，句子e和a在第四段，時間連接詞分別為during the 1920s 和while his wife was in hospital。由此確定發生最早的是b項，最遲的是a項，答案應為D。
排序題通常出現在說明文、記敘文或人物傳記類的文章或段落的理解題中。要求根據某人所經歷事情的時間先后排序，或按某事物的發展變化過程排序，或按操作程序或制作過程先后排序，或許按重要性排序等。
這類題屬于事實細節題，只需淺層理解，難度較小，一般從閱讀材料中可以直接找到答案，但是這種題容易錯，比較耗時間。題中含有原文單詞、詞組、句型的轉述，再以a, b, c, d, e, f 等給事件標上序號。
首尾定位法巧解排序題
解答這類題的具體過程如下：
第一步，在a～f中畫出關鍵詞或特征詞。
第二步，尋讀，在文中找到a～f的對應信息，并在文中標上a～f。這樣可使順序一目了然，也減少閱讀量。
注意年代數詞和表示時間先后關系的詞，如then, after, shortly after, afterwards, after that, before that, in the same year, later, and, next , at last, finally, so等。
第三步，弄清“首事件”和“尾事件”，利用“排除法”，迅速縮小范圍，快速選出正確答案。也就是所謂的“首尾定位法”。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。 1. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage? A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
即學即用 本文為記敘文, 主要講述了著名美國文學家弗蘭西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品。
A， 細節理解題。由文章中第三段的兩處關鍵詞novel和greatest success可知他的小說有：This side of paradise, The Beautiful and Damned,
The Great Gatsby,（須排除兩處干擾項的關鍵詞collection of short stories 短篇小說集），第四段的第四句的關鍵詞novels 提到Tender Is the Night and The love of the last Tycoon，共計5篇小說。
2. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald
____________.
A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama
B. was well educated and well off before he served in the army C. would have completed more works if his wife hadn’t broken down D. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital
C， 推理判斷題。由第四段第一句的However, Fitzgerald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing可知，Ielda和妻子間的問題影響到了他的創作。
3. The passage is mainly about
.
A. Fitzgerald’s family and work
B. Fitzgerald’s life and literary works
C. how Fitzgerald fell in love with Zelda D. how Fitzgerald got addicted to alcohol
B， 主旨大意題。通過跳讀和尋讀可得知第一、二段主要講述了菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活，第三段簡介他的作品，第四段講述了在他妻子生病、自己酗酒期間他完成了兩部小說，由此得知本文主要講述著名文學家菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品 。
4. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about
.
A. Zelda’s personal life
B. Zelda’s illness and treatment C. Fitzgerald’s friendship with Graham D. Fitzgerald’s contributions to the literary world
D ，推理判斷題。根據人物傳記的特點和本段對菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述,
說明了菲茨杰拉德的作品對文學界的意義,
因此最后總結的應是關于菲茨杰拉德對文學界的貢獻。
5. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life according to the passage? a. He became addicted to drinking.
b. He studied at St. Paul Academy.
c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.
d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.
e. He failed to reorder his life.
f. He joined the army and met Zelda.
A. f-c-e-a-b-d
B. b-e-a-f-c-d
C. f-d-e-c-b-a
D. b-f-c-d-e-a
D， 把握事件發生順序。題干關鍵詞為 correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life可知本題是要求考生把握事件發生的順序。句子b和f在第一段，時間連接詞分別為once和in 1917,句子c和d在第三段，時間連接詞分別為in 1920和in 1925，句子e和a在第四段，時間連接詞分別為during the 1920s 和while his wife was in hospital。由此確定發生最早的是b項，最遲的是a項，答案應為D。
