（豫皖京閩粵通用）2024屆高考英語北師大版一輪自主復習學案：book7 Unit 20《new frontiers》

　　話題詞匯

　　1．civilization n．文明

　　2．milestone n．里程碑

　　3．disastrous adj.災難性的

　　4．substitute v．取代

　　5．innovative adj.創新的

　　6．advanced science尖端科學

　　7．technical innovation科技創新

　　8．sustainable development可持續發展

　　9．make progress取得進步

　　10．compared with/to和……相比

　　經典語篇

　　請以“My Future Plan”為題，寫一篇100詞左右的英語短文。

　　1．我決定大學畢業后當一名中學教師，這是我孩提時代的夢想。

　　2．我很喜歡教師這一職業，與中學生在一起可以讓自己年輕。

　　3．我國師資力量缺乏，需要大批有志青年投身教育事業。

　　佳作欣賞

　　My Future Plan

　　I decide to be a middle school teacher after college.There are many reasons that contribute to this decision.

　　Firstly，since I was a little boy，I have been dreaming of being a teacher.And，I like so much to be with middle school students，who are full of energy and imagination，and I am sure their passion would pass on to me.

　　The most important reason is that our country needs plenty of teachers.① So far，teaching is considered a tough and low-income job in China.② However，if we have not enough teachers，our future will lack excellent scientists，managers，businessmen，soldiers and even good workers and farmers.How can our country be strong and wealthy？I wish our country to be a better one.③ I am ready to be a teacher and hope all the persons with lofty ideals may dedicate themselves to this meaningful career.

　　思維發散

　　1．仿照第①句完成句子

　　The reason why the government decided to put off the plan to build a new airport was that the plan met with fierce opposition from local farmers.

　　政府決定推遲建新機場的原因就是：該計劃遭到當地農民的強烈抵制。(2024·湖北重點中學模擬)

　　2．用it作形式主語改寫第②句

　　So far，it is considered that teaching is a tough and low-income job in China.

　　3．仿照第③句用wish翻譯句子

　　我多么希望我們在考試少的地方學習呀！

　　How I wish we could study where there are fewer exams！

　　Ⅰ.重點單詞

　　A．寫作單詞

　　1．mass (n.)質量；物質

　　(adj.)大量的

　　2．technical (adj.)技術上的

　　technique (n.)技術，技巧

　　technology (n.)工藝學；技術

　　3．latter (n.)后者

　　former (n.)前者

　　4．shortly (adv.)不久；很快

　　5．download (vt.)下載

　　6．update (vt.)更新

　　7．assess (vt.)評估；評價

　　assessment (n.)評估；評價

　　8．donate (vt.)捐贈；贈送

　　donation (n.)捐贈

　　9．meanwhile (adv.)同時

　　10．outspoken (adj.)直言的，坦率的

　　11．cure (vt.)治愈

　　12．permit (vt.)許可，允許

　　(n.)許可證；通行證

　　permission (n.)允許，許可

　　13．press (vt.)按；壓

　　14．poison (n.)毒藥；毒物

　　(v.)毒害

　　poisonous (adj.)有毒的

　　15．declare (vt.)宣告；宣布

　　declaration (n.)宣告；宣布

　　B．閱讀單詞

　　16．starvation (n.)饑餓

　　starve (vi.)挨餓

　　17．welfare (n.)福利

　　18．assist (vt.)幫助；協助

　　assistant (n.)助手

　　19．handy (adj.)方便使用的

　　20．enterprise (n.)企業；事業

　　21．conflict (n.)爭執；沖突

　　22．equality (n.)平等

　　23．stain (n.)污跡，污點

　　stainless (adj.)無污跡的

　　24．worn (adj.)磨損的

　　wear (vi.)磨損

　　25．rescue (vt.&n.)拯救，救援

　　26．original (adj.)起初的；最早的

　　27．instructor (n.)指導者；教練

　　instruct (v.)教導，指導

　　28．procedure (n.)步驟；程序

　　29．correspond (vi.)通信；符合

　　30．exploration (n.)探測；探險

　　31．phenomenon (n.)現象

　　phenomena (pl.) 現象

　　32．permanent (adj.)長久的，永久的

　　Ⅱ.重點短語

　　1．in advance預先

　　2．give away泄露(秘密)

　　3．take over接管，接收

　　4．wrestle with sth.努力解決難以處理的事情

　　5．get at sth.發現或查明某物

　　6．nothing like完全不像

　　7．by mistake錯誤地

　　8．kick off開球；開始

　　Ⅲ.經典句式

　　1．By the year 2024, the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.

　　到2024年，服裝行業將生產出各種新型布料，無論你將什么東西灑在上面都不會留下污漬。

　　2．By the year 2030，development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.

　　到2030年，生物化學和醫學的發展將能夠在理論上使人類壽命延長到至少150歲。

　　3．Due to China’s rapidly developing space programme，this could be sooner rather than later.

　　由于中國太空計劃的快速發展，這可能會提前而不會推遲完成。

　　4．Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.

　　要是沒有先驅們在科技上的這些尖端突破，不管這些突破是僥幸的還是計劃之中的，今天我們所知道的世界就會是一個完全不同的地方。

　　5．This marked the beginning of the “space race” between the US and the USSR，which ended with the US putting a man on the moon in 1969.

　　這標志著在美國與蘇聯之間的“太空競賽”開始了，這場競賽以美國在1969年把人類送上月球而告終。

　　Ⅳ.課文語法填空

　　Over the centuries, masses of people have wondered about the future.Some imagine 1.what the world will be like in the future.Some authors even predict things that have since happened.2.However，for some people，3.thinking(think) about the future is not just for fun.They plan the future of the world for a living,4.who are called futurologists.A seminar will be held at Newcastle University this weekend.Lots of people will attend it with the hope of starting new enterprises 5.based(base) on the 6.predictions(predict) they will hear at the meeting.I clicked into the websites of a few futurologists and learnt some predictions.Here are some：

　　In the next few years，computers will become 7.handier(hand)．

　　By the year 2025，no one will die of 8.starvation(starve) because there will be food for everyone.

　　By the year 2030，people 9.can live for at least 150 years.Tiny robots may be sent around the cells of our bodies to assess our health and carry 10.out repairs to keep us healthy.

　　1

　　assist vt.幫助；協助；援助

　　?1?assist sb.with sth.幫助某人某事,assist sb.to do/in doing sth.幫助某人做某事

　　?2?assistance n.援助，幫助；輔助設備

　　with the assistance of在……的幫助下

　　come/go to one’s assistance來/去幫助某人

　　?3?assistant n.助手，助理，助教；adj.輔助的；助理的；有幫助的

　　(1)Julia was assisting him to prepare his speech.

　　朱莉婭正在幫他準備演講稿。

　　(2)The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing this man.

　　緊急要求公眾協助警方追蹤此人。

　　(3)She is an assistant teacher in our school.

　　她是我們學校的助理教員。

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)Despite his cries no one came to his assistance(assist)．

　　(2)The teacher decided to assist me with my English study.

　　(3)He worked as an assistant(assist) to Mr.Ming.

　　(4)The patient was able to walk with the assistance of a cane(拐杖)．

　　2

　　conflict n.沖突，矛盾，斗爭；爭執 [C，U]；v.沖突；抵觸，相左

　　?1?come into conflict with和……沖突?動作?

　　?be? in conflict with和……沖突?狀態?

　　armed conflict武裝沖突

　　?2?conflict with與……發生沖突?動作?

　　(1)She often comes into conflict with her mother-in-law.

　　她經常與婆婆發生矛盾。

　　(2)She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.

　　她發現自己在將來擇業的問題上與父母存在著分歧。

　　(3)Both sides suffered heavy casualties in the border armed conflict.

　　在這次邊界武裝沖突中雙方都遭到了重大傷亡。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)Those results conflict with earlier findings.

　　這些結果和早期的發現相矛盾。

　　(2)She often comes into conflict with her husband over money.

　　她經常因為錢和丈夫發生矛盾。

　　3

　　rescue vt.營救；拯救；救援；n.營救；救援

　　[應試指導]　作為高級詞匯替換 save

　　?1?rescue sb./sth.from sth.從……中營救……

　　?2?go/come to one’s rescue去/來救某人

　　?3?rescuer n.救助者，救星，援救者

　　(1)We were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to our rescue with a huge loan.

　　我們幾乎要停業，但銀行借出了一大筆錢救了我們。

　　(2)Rescuers searched the rubble for survivors.

　　救援人員在瓦礫中搜尋幸存者。

　　[詞義辨析]　rescue，save

　　(1)rescue意為“營救，救援”，指從危險中迅速有效地援救、搶救，一般指人，也指搶救東西不致毀壞。

　　(2)save意為“拯救、救出”，是普通用語，指使受害者或物擺脫危險，使其保存或生存下來。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用rescue，save的正確形式填空

　　①We are informed that more firefighters will be sent there to rescue the victims.

　　②Actually，it was a young policeman that saved his daughter’s life.

　　(2)單句語法填空

　　①Having rescued(rescue) the drowning boy to the bank，he left without being noticed(notice)．

　　②He promised to come to our rescue.

　　③You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.

　　4

　　donate vt.捐贈；贈送；捐獻?器官??give；present?

　　[多詞一義]　donate，contribute，give...to

　　?1?donate sth.to...把某物捐獻給……

　　?2?donation n.捐款；捐贈?物?

　　collect donations for...為……募捐

　　make/give/present a donation to向……捐贈

　　(1)He frequently donates large sums to charity.

　　他常常向慈善機構捐贈大筆錢款。

　　(2)The silver trophy was donated by a Leicester businessman.

　　銀制獎杯是由一個萊斯特的商人捐贈的。

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)We are collecting donations(donate) for the relief fund.

　　(2)All donated(donate) blood is tested for HIV and other infections.

　　(3)Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated(donate) by the public.

　　(4)He donated thousands of pounds to charity.

　　5

　　meanwhile adv.同時；與此同時；在此期間?＝meantime?

　　in the meanwhile/meantime在此期間

　　for the meanwhile一會兒；暫時

　　(1)He had always found his wife’s mother a bit annoying.The mother-daughter relationship，meanwhile，was close.

　　他總是覺得丈母娘有點煩人，然而她們母女之間的關系卻非常親密。

　　(2)In the meanwhile，I’ll visit an old friend of mine.

　　與此同時，我將去拜訪我的一位老朋友。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)I had to wait an extra hour so I wrote letters (in the) meanwhile/meantime(在此期間)．

　　(2)I was doing my homework，and (in the) meanwhile/meantime(同時) my mother was cooking.

　　6

　　cure v.治愈?病人?；治好?疾病?；矯正，改正?某人的不良行為?；解決?問題?；n.治療；療程

　　[應試指導]　“動詞＋sb.＋of”類語境詞義辨析的考查

　　?1?cure sb.of...治愈某人的……；矯正某人的……

　　?2?a cure for...針對……的治療

　　(1)An operation finally cured his shin injury.

　　手術最終治好了他脛部的傷。

　　(2)We need to cure our environmental problems.

　　我們需要解決我們的環境問題。

　　(3)Aspirin is a wonderful cure for colds.

　　阿司匹林是治感冒的妙藥。

　　[詞義辨析]　cure，treat

　　(1)cure表示“治愈”，賓語既可以是人，也可以是疾病，有時也表示“矯正；革除”。

　　(2)treat表示“治療”時，多接人作賓語，強調治療動作，并不說明是否治愈。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用cure，treat的正確形式填空

　　①The doctor was treating the girl who suffered from cancer.

　　②Who was it that cured the old professor of his cancer?

　　(2)單句語法填空

　　①He said that he was cured(cure) with this medicine.

　　②He was at last cured of the bad habit.

　　③They have found a cure for rising prices.

　　7

　　declare v.宣告；宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱?state?

　　declare...to be...宣布……為……,declare war on...向……宣戰

　　declare for/against表示贊成/反對

　　declare that...宣布……

　　(1)The U．N.has declared it to be a safe zone.

　　聯合國已宣布它為安全區。

　　(2)He declared that he would fight for his right.

　　他宣稱要為他的權利而斗爭。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①Only a month earlier，Mr.Stenholm had declared for/against the tax cut.

　　②It was the year when Britain declared war on Germany.

　　③It has been declared(declare) already that the contract is illegal.

　　(2)一句多譯

　　他斷言那是真的。

　　①He declared that it was true.(declare that...)

　　②He declared it to be true.(declare...to be...)

　　8

　　take over接收，接管；繼承；支配

　　[應試指導]　take短語語境詞義辨析

　　take to喜歡；親近；適應

　　take in吸收；欺騙；包括在內；收留；領會，理解；觀看,take apart拆開，拆卸

　　take on呈現；雇傭；接受；從事

　　take out拿出，取出；除去

　　(1)I was assigned to take over your position.