2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪全冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：Unit8《Adventure》（北師大版）

　　Unit 8　Adventure

　　需寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)記牢的單詞——記其形、明其義奇遇冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷較重要的；較嚴(yán)重的特別的；額外的團(tuán)體組織機(jī)構(gòu)行李確切地精確地冒……的危險(xiǎn)興奮激動(dòng)枯燥無(wú)味的；暗淡的；遲鈍的10．a(chǎn)uthor n.

　　作者量數(shù)量教授目的；目標(biāo)志向抱負(fù)沒(méi)有希望的愉快的高興的悲哀憂(yōu)傷需舉一反三的單詞——知其性、通令人疲勞的→tired 疲倦的厭倦的→tire 使疲倦；使疲勞不舒服的不自在的→comfortable 舒服的→comfort

　　．安慰住所住處→accommodate 容納不同于有區(qū)別→difference ．不同之處→different 不同的anxious adj.憂(yōu)慮的擔(dān)心的→anxiety

　　．焦慮不安相似性類(lèi)似性→similar_ 相似的不同的各種各樣的→variety ．品種；種類(lèi)；變化配備設(shè)備→equip 裝備配較喜歡的東西偏愛(ài)→prefer ．喜歡使驚愕(驚奇)→amazed 驚愕的吃驚的→令人驚異的→amazement ．吃驚驚愕使困惑→confused 困惑的→confusing 令人困惑的→confusion ．混亂；困惑富有的富裕的→wealth ．財(cái)富準(zhǔn)備預(yù)備→prepare ．準(zhǔn)備耐心；忍耐力→patient ．病人 有耐心的→patiently 耐心地觀察觀測(cè)→observation ．觀察不利不advantage (反義詞) ．有利條件長(zhǎng)處界限；限度限制；限定→limited 有限的需會(huì)讀明義的單詞——識(shí)其形、知其義　沙漠荒原節(jié)目主持人野生的；狂熱的可選擇的非強(qiáng)制的地平線(xiàn)路程路線(xiàn)最大的最多的高度海拔腳印足跡極度的極端的體操體操訓(xùn)練流動(dòng)涌出旅行者旅客商品物品l

　　n.

　　燃料口述聽(tīng)寫(xiě)陳述獵人震驚驚駭疲憊的遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的vi.

　　運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用國(guó)籍運(yùn)輸運(yùn)送員工全體工作人員幸存殘存遮蔽庇護(hù)所哲學(xué)

　　1．right_now 　就在此刻 目的是以便顛倒地倒置地

　　出現(xiàn)到場(chǎng)

　　決定不履行(允諾的事)

　　使理解(某事)n_turn

　　輪流(壞事)突然發(fā)生爆發(fā) 9．put_..._into_prison

　　把……關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄

　　堅(jiān)持(某種)說(shuō)法；袖手旁觀

　　在途中損壞不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

　　用完耗盡carry_on

　　繼續(xù)做某事

　　1. [教材原句]When I turned up for my first

　　jump I was

　　so_nervous_that

　　I tried to back out, 當(dāng)我第一次跳的時(shí)候我太緊張了以致試圖放棄但在朋友們的勸說(shuō)下我終于完成了那次蹦極。[句式解讀]so ... that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。[教材原句]Although people enjoyed reading his book,

　　of them thought that Marco's stories about China were

　　too__fantastic__to

　　be

　　true.

　　盡管人們喜歡讀他的書(shū)但是很多人認(rèn)為馬可講的關(guān)于中國(guó)的故事太離奇了令人難[句式解讀]too ... to ...“太……而不能……”。[教材原句]The next to go was Captain Oates, 接下來(lái)離開(kāi)的是奧茨上尉他行走有很大的困難。[句式解讀]have difficulty (in) doing sth.[教材原句]Then_came_the_total_darkness

　　of the polar winter.接下來(lái)極地冬日的完全黑暗時(shí)期到來(lái)了。[句式解讀]副詞置于句首的倒裝句。

　　[重難·搶分型詞匯——合作學(xué)會(huì)]

　　1differ　不同于有區(qū)別[高考佳句](2024·安徽高考閱讀E)The foods we eat — and when and how we eat them — are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural

　　(農(nóng)村的)

　　and urban areas within one country.我們的飲食包括食用的時(shí)間和方式往往體現(xiàn)出一個(gè)特殊文化的獨(dú)特性甚至在同一個(gè)國(guó)家內(nèi)部的農(nóng)村地區(qū)和城市地區(qū)也有差別。(1)differ from　與……不differ in

　　在……方面不同關(guān)于某事與某人意見(jiàn)不同(2)difference n.

　　不同；區(qū)別(to ...)

　　(對(duì)……)有/無(wú)/幾乎無(wú)影響分辨……與……的不同(3)different adj.

　　不同的；相be different from/to

　　與……不同在……方面不同Even though we completely differ from each other in character, we are still great friends.

　　雖然我們?cè)谛愿裆贤耆煌覀內(nèi)匀皇遣诲e(cuò)的朋友。Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function.

　　教和學(xué)是兩個(gè)完全不同的過(guò)程它們?cè)诜N類(lèi)和功能上不同。Under the Dome, a 103－minute documentary released by Chai Jing, make a difference.

　　《穹頂之下》一部由柴靜出版的103分鐘的紀(jì)錄片已經(jīng)激發(fā)了關(guān)于大氣污染的公共意識(shí)并鼓勵(lì)人們參與更多的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行改變。

　　Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(differ) from what it used to be a few years ago.

　　③Since his retirement, Crowe has differed with the President on several issues.

　　④These two books differ in color — one is red, the other is blue.

　　⑤(2024·河北衡水中學(xué)模擬)The story shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.一句多譯美國(guó)人和中國(guó)人在時(shí)間的處理上非常不一樣。－1 There_are_many_differences_between_Americans_and_Chinese_in_managing_time.(difference)－2 Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differ in)－3 Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differ from)－4

　　Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)2．a(chǎn)nxious 　憂(yōu)慮的；不安的[高考佳句](2024·廣東高考寫(xiě)作)When it comes to the effect, anxious.

　　當(dāng)談及效果它會(huì)有助于你提高強(qiáng)身健體的意識(shí)但是也有可能讓你過(guò)度擔(dān)憂(yōu)。(1) be anxious for/about　為……擔(dān)心/擔(dān)憂(yōu)急于做某事急于讓某人做某事(should) do sth.

　　希望……(2)anxiety n.

　　憂(yōu)慮；擔(dān)心；渴望焦慮地(3)anxiously adv.

　　焦慮地I was anxious about his safety when I heard the news of the train accident.

　　當(dāng)我聽(tīng)到火車(chē)發(fā)生事故的消息時(shí)我很擔(dān)心他的安全。She was anxious to finish school and get a job.

　　她渴望畢業(yè)找一份工作。We were anxious

　　that everyone should know the truth.

　　我們渴望人人了解實(shí)情。

　　Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious (anxiety)．(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.

　　③At exact eleven Sir Percival knocked and entered, with anxiety and worry in every line of his face.

　　Ⅱ.單句寫(xiě)作別人告訴我輔導(dǎo)中心(the Learning Center)可以給學(xué)生提供幫助我急于想從您那兒得到一些幫助。3．risk　冒……的危險(xiǎn)危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[高考佳句](2024·湖北高考閱讀A)By feeding the ponies, risk of them getting hit by a car and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift.

　　游客隨意給馬駒喂食會(huì)增加它們被車(chē)撞的危險(xiǎn)而且在該地區(qū)每年的馬駒遷移中讓他們很難聚集在一起。(1)risk doing sth.　冒險(xiǎn)做某事冒生命危險(xiǎn)(2)take/run the risk of doing sth.

　　冒著take a risk/risks (to do sth.)

　　冒險(xiǎn)(做某事)冒著做某事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)＝ at any risk

　　無(wú)論冒什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)無(wú)論如何We've been advised not to risk travelling in these conditions.

　　我們被建議在這些條件下不要冒險(xiǎn)出行。I wonder if the whole future of the company is at risk.

　　我想知道公司的整個(gè)前途是否受到了威脅。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　risk后面跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。另外enjoy,_sh,_practise,_feel_like,_avoid,_mind,_suggest,___imagine,_keep等動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后也要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式。

　　Ⅰ.用risk的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空(2024·四川高考閱讀D)Dr Dominoni,

　　more debt?

　　Ⅱ.完成句子我不想冒遭人襲擊的危險(xiǎn)一個(gè)人在晚上外出。無(wú)論你做什么都不要冒不必要的危險(xiǎn)。4．quantity　．?dāng)?shù)量；大量[高考佳句](2024·安徽高考閱讀C)．.. people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.人們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何組織大量的信息以便日后能夠提取。(1)a large quantity of ＝ large quantities of大量的大量地(2)quality n.

　　質(zhì)量 My brother bought a large quantity of books.

　　我弟弟買(mǎi)了大量的書(shū)。If you buy this goods in quantity, we will offer a better price.

　　如果你大量購(gòu)買(mǎi)這種商品我們會(huì)給你打折的。The new camera is of high quality and is not expensive, either, which makes it popular.

　　新的照相機(jī)質(zhì)量好也不貴這使它很受歡迎。[名師指津]　a quantity of/quantities of既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。“a quantity of＋作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)；“quantities of＋作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

　　Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(block) several rivers here.

　　②Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help have_been_offered (offer) since the organization was built.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子如果你大量購(gòu)買(mǎi)會(huì)便宜得多。雨水把大量的泥沙沖下山坡。5．observe　觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守；慶祝[高考佳句](2024·陜西高考閱讀D)Other forms of parental involvement, observing a child's class, also fail to help ...

　　其他的家長(zhǎng)參與形式其中包括在學(xué)校做志愿者并觀察孩子的上課情況也未能起作用……(1)observe sb. do sth.　觀察某人做某事(全過(guò)程)觀察某人正在做某事觀察……(2)observe the traffic rules

　　遵守交通規(guī)則過(guò)圣誕節(jié)When I passed his house, I observed him playing in his yard.

　　當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)他家時(shí)我注意到他正在院子里玩耍。She observed that all the chairs were already occupied.

　　她發(fā)現(xiàn)所有Do observe the traffic rules whenever you cross the road.

　　不管什么時(shí)候過(guò)馬路一定要遵守交通規(guī)則。[名師指津]　observe sb. do sth. 在變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)添加省略的不定式符號(hào)“to”。The thief was observed to open the window and run away.

　　有人發(fā)現(xiàn)竊賊開(kāi)窗戶(hù)逃跑了。

　　Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出句中observe的含義observe (慶祝)

　　National Day, observe (遵守)

　　the traffic regulations. If we ③observe (注意到)

　　someone run a red light, 句型轉(zhuǎn)換④The police observed the man enter the bank.(變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句) was drying up．6．limit 　限制；限定界限；限度[高考佳句](2024·湖北高考閱讀A)Some of them are also later sold, limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.

　　根據(jù)Natural England設(shè)置的規(guī)定為了限定馬駒的數(shù)量它們中的一些后來(lái)也被賣(mài)掉了。(1)limit ... to ... 　把……限制在……內(nèi)(2)beyond the limit

　　超過(guò)限度在……范圍內(nèi)對(duì)……規(guī)定限度對(duì)……是有限的/無(wú)限的(3)limited adj.

　　有限的受限制于……Within the limit of legal rights, persons are free to do as they please.

　　在法權(quán)范圍內(nèi)人可以自由地做他們高興做的事。Life is limited, but there

　　is no limit to serving the people.

　　人的生命是有限的但是為人民服務(wù)是無(wú)限的。I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.

　　我認(rèn)為教學(xué)不應(yīng)該局限在教室里。

　　Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空②I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.

　　③Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.

　　④We'll take care of all your expenses — within limits, of course.

　　Ⅱ.單句寫(xiě)作他出生在一個(gè)貧困家庭中童年時(shí)期僅僅接受了有限的教育。 7．get across　 使理解(某事)；([經(jīng)典例句]I spoke slowly, get my meaning across.

　　盡管我說(shuō)得很慢但我的意思仍不被人理解。為/被某人所理解向某人傳達(dá)/事被某人所理解到處走動(dòng)；(消息等)傳開(kāi)＝ get on

　　進(jìn)展；相處；應(yīng)付過(guò)活用完；耗盡；(設(shè)法)處理；通過(guò)(考試等)；撥通電話(huà)(to)(from)

　　離開(kāi)；脫身開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做某事Did your speech get across to the audience?

　　你的演說(shuō)聽(tīng)眾理解嗎？After that, he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.

　　在此之后他知道只要盡全力就能成功應(yīng)對(duì)一切緊急事件。

　　Ⅰ.介、副詞填空 without water.

　　④You'll find this map valuable in helping you to get around/round/about London.

　　Ⅱ.翻譯句子這個(gè)專(zhuān)家努力想讓民眾明白自己關(guān)于公共交通的新理念卻沒(méi)能成功。tion_across_to_the_people,_but_in_vain.

　　⑥我們剛搬到一個(gè)比較大的房子里有很多事要做。咱們著手做吧！8．run out　(某物)用完；不多了；沒(méi)有了；(協(xié)議、文件等)失效、到期 [經(jīng)典例句]Because of the war, run out soon.

　　由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)加沙地帶的人們害怕他們的食物很快會(huì)用完。s　偶然遇到追逐撞上；偶然遇到(車(chē)輛)輾過(guò)；超時(shí)I unexpectedly ran across him on the street the other day.

　　前幾天我在街上偶然遇見(jiàn)了他。(2024·湖北高考多選)When he was running after his brother, 當(dāng)這個(gè)男孩追趕他哥哥的時(shí)候失去平衡狠狠地摔倒了。(2024·遼寧高考完形)．..I had a good excuse: A business meeting had run over and I'd wasted no time getting to the dinner.我有一個(gè)像樣的借口：(我參加的)商務(wù)會(huì)議超時(shí)了來(lái)吃晚飯的路上我沒(méi)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。[名師指津]　run out, 兩者都表示“用完”前者為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)其主語(yǔ)是物不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；后者是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)可以用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。run out＝give out; run out of＝use up。Sanaa

　　could be the first capital in the world to run out of water.

　　薩那將可能是全世界第一個(gè)無(wú)水可用的首都。

　　Ⅰ.介、副詞填空－stricken area are running out．We must act immediately before there's none left.ion, having run out of raw materials.

　　⑤If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.

　　Ⅱ.選詞填空(run out/run out of/use up/give out) e_out/ran_out/was_used_up．[常考·保分型詞匯——自主練會(huì)]1．confuse　使困惑把……弄糊涂；混淆把……混同；使混亂搞亂[練習(xí)]單句語(yǔ)法填空f(shuō)ood nowadays.

　　②They looked at me in confusion (confuse)

　　and didn't answer the question.

　　③Don't

　　confuse

　　him with his brother. They are much alike.

　　④The ending of the film still makes most of the children confused (confuse)．(confuse)

　　about his words.

　　⑥From the confused (confuse)

　　look on his face, I knew that the man didn't understand what the waiter said.

　　confuse A with B “把A和B混淆”；confusion ．混亂困惑混淆”；confusing“令人困惑的難懂的”通常修飾物；confused“感到困惑的感到難懂的”通常修飾人；be confused about ...“對(duì)……感到困惑”。　 2．preparation　．準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備[練習(xí)]單句語(yǔ)法填空(prepare) for the coming examinations.

　　②The third book in the series is in preparation now.

　　make preparations for ...“為……做準(zhǔn)備(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)”；in preparation for“作為……的準(zhǔn)備”。　 3．break down　分解；(機(jī)器)出故障；(身體、精神等)垮掉；(談判)失敗；破壞消除[練習(xí)]寫(xiě)出下列句中break down的含義broke down. 破裂－fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.出故障break down some barriers to trade between them.打破broke down when she heard the news that her father died.崩潰broken down.分解break down有多個(gè)意義注意在不同的語(yǔ)境中加以　 4．various　不同的各種各樣的[練習(xí)]用various的適當(dāng)形式填空n this matter vary from person to person.

　　②One of the advantages is that we can find a variety of topics, such as science, culture and history.