2024屆高考英語命題猜想與仿真押題：專題07 情態動詞和虛擬語氣（命題猜想）（原卷版）
【】“情態動詞＋have done”結構的用法。
【熱點突破】
1．can和could的用法
(1)表示“能力”。
(2)表示理論上的可能性，“有時候可能會”，用于肯定
句中。
(3)表示禮貌地請求，意為“能，可以”。could可代替can,表示委婉的語氣。
(4)cannot...too/enough表示“無論……也不過分”；“越……越好……”。
No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.在打籃球方面，無人能與姚明相媲美。
It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be
rather cold sometimes.
我的家鄉三月份通常很暖和，但有時候也會相當冷。
You can’t be too careful while driving.
開車時越小心越好。
—Could I use your bike tomorrow?
——明天我可以用一下你的自行車嗎？
—Yesyou can./No，I’m afraid not.
——是的，你可以。/2．may和might的用法
(1)表示允許、許可、請求，might比may的語氣更委婉。
當may用于疑問句時，其否定回答：No，...mustn’t。
(2)may as well＋動詞原形“最好；倒不如……”。
—May I take this book out of the reading room?
——我可以把書拿出閱覽室嗎？
—Noyou mustn’t.You read it in here.
——不，絕不可以。你在這兒讀。
If you think the price of beef is too highyou may as well buy some pork.It depends on you.如果你認為牛肉太貴的話，你不妨買些豬肉。這由你自己決定。
3．must的用法
(1)表示必要性，意為“必須”。當must用于疑問句時，其否定回答為：No，...needn’t/don’t have to。
(2)表示偏執，固執，意為“非得，偏要”。
—Must you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone？——你一定要現在插話嗎？難道你沒有看到 我 正 在打電話嗎？
—Sorry sir，but it’s urgent.
——抱歉，先生。但事情緊急。
You mustn’t park hereIt’s an emergency exit.
你不可以在這兒停車！這是緊急出口處。
—Must I give up smoking？——我必須戒煙嗎？
—Yes，you must./No，you needn’t.
——是的，你必須。/
4．shall的用法
(1)用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請示。
(2)用于第二、第三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人 給對 方 的 命令、警告、允諾或威脅。
—Will you read me a story，Mummy?
——媽媽，給我講個故事好嗎？
—OK.You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.——好的，如果你盡快上床睡覺我就給你講一個。
—What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow，sir？
——先生，我明天什么時候到你家接你？
—I haven’t decided on the time.But I will call you.
——我還沒有決定時間，但是我會給你打電話的。
5should 的用法
(1)表示勸告和建議，意為“應該”。
(2)表示推測、可能性、預期，意為“應該；可能”。
(3)用于表示感情或意志等的that從句中，意為“竟然……；居然……”。
There shouldn’t be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
既然你在駕校訓練了那么多，通過路考應該沒有什么困難。
I should
go and visit him this afternoon，but I wonder if I will be free.
今天下午我應該去看望他，但是我不知道我是否有空。
It seems unfair that this should happen to me.
真不公平，這件事竟然發生在我身上。
6．will和would的用法
(1)表示意志或意愿。will指現在，would指過去。
(2)表示習慣性動作,意為“總是”,will指現在,would指過去.
(3)表示功能，意為“能，行”。
The door wouldn’t open，no matter how hard she pushed.
無論她怎么努力去推，這扇門就是打不開。
Days later，my brother called to say he was all right，but
wouldn’t say where he was.幾天后，我哥哥打電話說他一切
都好，但不愿意說他在哪兒。
Every morning he will have a walk along this river.
每天早晨，他總是沿著這條小河散步。
例1．(2024·高考北京卷，T29)—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.
A．may
B．can
C．must
D．dare
【變式探究】
Although you ________find bargains in London，it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.
A．should
B．need
C．must
D．can
【熱點突破】
情態動詞表示推測三步判斷：(1)首先看是肯定句、否定句還是疑問句。肯定句中一般must/may/might；否定句和疑問句中一般用can/could。(2)然后看是對什么時間的推測；表示對現在的推測用“情態動詞＋do”，表示對過去的推測用 “情態動詞＋have done”。(3)最后看句子語氣的肯定程度,must(十分肯定)>may(不太肯定)>could/might(可能性較小)。
例2．(2024·高考陜西卷，T21)You ________ feel all the training a waste of time，but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
A．should
B．need
C．shall
D．may
【易錯警示】情態動詞表示推測的誤must，may，might，can和could的用法上。要切記：對現在和將來的推測用“情態動詞＋動詞原形”；對正在發生的動作的推測用“情態動詞＋be doing”；對過去的推測用“情態動詞＋have done”。
Life is unpredictableeven the poorest might become the richest.
生活是不可預料的，甚至最貧窮的可能變成最富有的。
—Look! There comes our head teacher.
——看！我們班主任來了。
—That can’t be him.He is in Indonesia.
——那一定不是他。他現在在印尼。
【變式探究】
—Has Peter started out？He said he would go hiking with us.
—He________．He is a man of his word.
A．could have started
B．must have started
C．could start
D．must start
【熱點突破】have done
例3．(2024·高考天津卷，T7)I ________ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A．mightn’t
B．mustn’t
C．needn’t
D．couldn’ t
【變式探究】
—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.
A．can’t
B．mustn’t
C．needn’t
D．won’t
【熱點突破】(2024·高考北京卷，T34)If I ________ it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.
A．didn’t see
B．weren’t seeing
C．wouldn’t see
D．hadn’t seen
【變式探究】________no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A．Were there
B．Had there been
C．If there are
D．If there have been
【熱點突破】
例5．(2024·高考陜西卷，T23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________ as well as her.
A．dance
B．will dance
C．had danced
D．danced
【變式探究】Don’t handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.
A．is
B．were
C．has been
D．had been
【易錯警示】當suggest作“暗示表明”作“堅持認為”時從句要用陳述語氣。他的沉默表明他同意我的決定。他堅持說他沒有偷過錢。
1.(2024·北京)—Can't you stay a little longer?
—It's getting late.I really
go now.My daughter is home alone.
2.(2024·浙江)It was so noisy that we
not hear ourselves speak.
3.(2024·重慶)You
be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
4.(2024·陜西)You
feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.
5.(2024·四川)You
be careful with the camera.It costs!
6.(2024·福建)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad.You
have made full preparations.
7.(2024·天津)I
have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
8.(2024·北京34)If I
(see)it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
9.(2024·重慶)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway
(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
10.(2024·陜西)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I
(dance)as well as her.
11.(2024·天津)I wish I
(be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
12.(2024·安徽)It is lucky we booked a room, or we
(have)nowhere to stay now.
【】“情態動詞＋have done”結構的用法。
【熱點突破】
1．can和could的用法
(1)表示“能力”。
(2)表示理論上的可能性，“有時候可能會”，用于肯定
句中。
(3)表示禮貌地請求，意為“能，可以”。could可代替can,表示委婉的語氣。
(4)cannot...too/enough表示“無論……也不過分”；“越……越好……”。
No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.在打籃球方面，無人能與姚明相媲美。
It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be
rather cold sometimes.
我的家鄉三月份通常很暖和，但有時候也會相當冷。
You can’t be too careful while driving.
開車時越小心越好。
—Could I use your bike tomorrow?
——明天我可以用一下你的自行車嗎？
—Yesyou can./No，I’m afraid not.
——是的，你可以。/2．may和might的用法
(1)表示允許、許可、請求，might比may的語氣更委婉。
當may用于疑問句時，其否定回答：No，...mustn’t。
(2)may as well＋動詞原形“最好；倒不如……”。
—May I take this book out of the reading room?
——我可以把書拿出閱覽室嗎？
—Noyou mustn’t.You read it in here.
——不，絕不可以。你在這兒讀。
If you think the price of beef is too highyou may as well buy some pork.It depends on you.如果你認為牛肉太貴的話，你不妨買些豬肉。這由你自己決定。
3．must的用法
(1)表示必要性，意為“必須”。當must用于疑問句時，其否定回答為：No，...needn’t/don’t have to。
(2)表示偏執，固執，意為“非得，偏要”。
—Must you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone？——你一定要現在插話嗎？難道你沒有看到 我 正 在打電話嗎？
—Sorry sir，but it’s urgent.
——抱歉，先生。但事情緊急。
You mustn’t park hereIt’s an emergency exit.
你不可以在這兒停車！這是緊急出口處。
—Must I give up smoking？——我必須戒煙嗎？
—Yes，you must./No，you needn’t.
——是的，你必須。/
4．shall的用法
(1)用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請示。
(2)用于第二、第三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人 給對 方 的 命令、警告、允諾或威脅。
—Will you read me a story，Mummy?
——媽媽，給我講個故事好嗎？
—OK.You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.——好的，如果你盡快上床睡覺我就給你講一個。
—What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow，sir？
——先生，我明天什么時候到你家接你？
—I haven’t decided on the time.But I will call you.
——我還沒有決定時間，但是我會給你打電話的。
5should 的用法
(1)表示勸告和建議，意為“應該”。
(2)表示推測、可能性、預期，意為“應該；可能”。
(3)用于表示感情或意志等的that從句中，意為“竟然……；居然……”。
There shouldn’t be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
既然你在駕校訓練了那么多，通過路考應該沒有什么困難。
I should
go and visit him this afternoon，but I wonder if I will be free.
今天下午我應該去看望他，但是我不知道我是否有空。
It seems unfair that this should happen to me.
真不公平，這件事竟然發生在我身上。
6．will和would的用法
(1)表示意志或意愿。will指現在，would指過去。
(2)表示習慣性動作,意為“總是”,will指現在,would指過去.
(3)表示功能，意為“能，行”。
The door wouldn’t open，no matter how hard she pushed.
無論她怎么努力去推，這扇門就是打不開。
Days later，my brother called to say he was all right，but
wouldn’t say where he was.幾天后，我哥哥打電話說他一切
都好，但不愿意說他在哪兒。
Every morning he will have a walk along this river.
每天早晨，他總是沿著這條小河散步。
例1．(2024·高考北京卷，T29)—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.
A．may
B．can
C．must
D．dare
【變式探究】
Although you ________find bargains in London，it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.
A．should
B．need
C．must
D．can
【熱點突破】
情態動詞表示推測三步判斷：(1)首先看是肯定句、否定句還是疑問句。肯定句中一般must/may/might；否定句和疑問句中一般用can/could。(2)然后看是對什么時間的推測；表示對現在的推測用“情態動詞＋do”，表示對過去的推測用 “情態動詞＋have done”。(3)最后看句子語氣的肯定程度,must(十分肯定)>may(不太肯定)>could/might(可能性較小)。
例2．(2024·高考陜西卷，T21)You ________ feel all the training a waste of time，but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
A．should
B．need
C．shall
D．may
【易錯警示】情態動詞表示推測的誤must，may，might，can和could的用法上。要切記：對現在和將來的推測用“情態動詞＋動詞原形”；對正在發生的動作的推測用“情態動詞＋be doing”；對過去的推測用“情態動詞＋have done”。
Life is unpredictableeven the poorest might become the richest.
生活是不可預料的，甚至最貧窮的可能變成最富有的。
—Look! There comes our head teacher.
——看！我們班主任來了。
—That can’t be him.He is in Indonesia.
——那一定不是他。他現在在印尼。
【變式探究】
—Has Peter started out？He said he would go hiking with us.
—He________．He is a man of his word.
A．could have started
B．must have started
C．could start
D．must start
【熱點突破】have done
例3．(2024·高考天津卷，T7)I ________ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A．mightn’t
B．mustn’t
C．needn’t
D．couldn’ t
【變式探究】
—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.
A．can’t
B．mustn’t
C．needn’t
D．won’t
【熱點突破】(2024·高考北京卷，T34)If I ________ it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.
A．didn’t see
B．weren’t seeing
C．wouldn’t see
D．hadn’t seen
【變式探究】________no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A．Were there
B．Had there been
C．If there are
D．If there have been
【熱點突破】
例5．(2024·高考陜西卷，T23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________ as well as her.
A．dance
B．will dance
C．had danced
D．danced
【變式探究】Don’t handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.
A．is
B．were
C．has been
D．had been
【易錯警示】當suggest作“暗示表明”作“堅持認為”時從句要用陳述語氣。他的沉默表明他同意我的決定。他堅持說他沒有偷過錢。
1.(2024·北京)—Can't you stay a little longer?
—It's getting late.I really
go now.My daughter is home alone.
2.(2024·浙江)It was so noisy that we
not hear ourselves speak.
3.(2024·重慶)You
be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
4.(2024·陜西)You
feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.
5.(2024·四川)You
be careful with the camera.It costs!
6.(2024·福建)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad.You
have made full preparations.
7.(2024·天津)I
have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
8.(2024·北京34)If I
(see)it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
9.(2024·重慶)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway
(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
10.(2024·陜西)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I
(dance)as well as her.
11.(2024·天津)I wish I
(be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
12.(2024·安徽)It is lucky we booked a room, or we
(have)nowhere to stay now.
