2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)課件：10 定語(yǔ)從句（重大版）

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　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 7.(2024·重慶一中一診改編)I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without consideration our project would have ended in failure. 8.(2024·安徽淮北二模改編)—When did you know Mr.Wang? —It was last monthhe was knocked down by a motorbike.

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 7.句意:我很高興把史密斯先生介紹給你們,沒(méi)有他的考慮我們的項(xiàng)目就會(huì)以失敗告終。先行詞為Mr.Smith,在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)表示為“without his consideration”,做定語(yǔ),故用whose。 8.句意:——你什么時(shí)間認(rèn)識(shí)王老師的? ——那是在上個(gè)月他被一輛摩托車(chē)撞倒時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)的。將答語(yǔ)還原就是:“It was last month when he was knocked down by a motorbike that I knew Mr.Wang.”。last month when he was knocked down by a motorbike是句子的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,when引導(dǎo)的是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是last month,且從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),故填when。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 7.whose　8.when

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 9.(2024·湖南衡陽(yáng)五校聯(lián)考改編)Life is like a long race we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.? 10.(2024·山西四校聯(lián)考改編)Julie enjoyed reading when young.She grew up in a key middle school in her city, her parents both taught Chinese.?

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 9.句意:生命就像長(zhǎng)跑比賽,在比賽過(guò)程中,我們與他人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并由此超越自己。　we compete with others to go beyond ourselves是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是表示抽象地點(diǎn)的race且從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),所以填where。? 10.本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是a key middle school是一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,后面的定語(yǔ)從句中句子結(jié)構(gòu)很完整,所以使用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 9.Where

　　10.where

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 11.(2024·北京東城下學(xué)期綜合測(cè)試改編)My uncle has a large greenhouse in his garden he grows vegetables in winter.? 12.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)The results of the experiment proved to be very good, was more than we expected.? 13.(2024·福州第二次質(zhì)檢改編)Running Man is such a funny reality show　has the gravity to pull you in front of your television. 14.(2024·成都二診改編)There are times you have to act from the heart.?

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 11.句意:我的叔叔在他的花園里有一個(gè)大的溫室,在那里他冬季種植蔬菜。先行詞是a large greenhouse,定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。 12.句意:實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果證明很好,這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出我們的想象。題干中的逗號(hào)前是主句,逗號(hào)后是定語(yǔ)從句,所以填which,which表示主句造成的結(jié)果,代表主句的內(nèi)容。 13.句意:《奔跑吧,兄弟》是一檔如此有趣的真人秀節(jié)目,以至于有吸引你觀看電視的引力。先行詞show被such修飾,定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用as引導(dǎo)。 14.句意:人有些時(shí)候得憑良心做事。times為先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 11.where　12.which　13.as　14.when

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 15.(2024·江西臨川一中期中改編)There’s no longer a particular year one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family.? 16.(2024·安徽淮北二模改編) Five men dragged a Volvo XC60 car,the owner claimed has a technical fault in Xi’an on Monday.? 17.(2024·江蘇淮安二調(diào)改編)In 2024,such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China 　almost each person could benefit from in life.? 18.(2024·河南頂級(jí)名校模擬改編)Anne Bowman,a writer,　 recently made a study,asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs,one of men and one of women,in the order of attractiveness.?

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 15.先行詞為year,空后的定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),故填when。 16.句意:五個(gè)男士拉了一輛Volvo XC60小汽車(chē),它的主人宣稱(chēng)該車(chē)周一在西安出了技術(shù)問(wèn)題。定語(yǔ)從句中claim的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少has的主語(yǔ),先行詞是car,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故填which。 17.句意:在2024年,如此重要的涉及公眾利益的改革策略引入到中國(guó),幾乎每一個(gè)人在生活中都會(huì)從中獲益。根據(jù)先行詞前面的such可知,此處要用as來(lái)引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 18.此處為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為writer,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故用who。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 15.when　16.which　17.as　18.who

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 19.(2024·浙江嘉興教學(xué)測(cè)試改編)Nowadays many volunteers are working in areas have dry climates.? 20.(2024·陜西改編)Please send us all the information 　you have about the candidate for the position.

　　21.(2024·重慶改編)We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.? 22.(2024·浙江改編)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 19.句意:現(xiàn)在許多志愿者正在干旱氣候地區(qū)工作。先行詞為areas,定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),應(yīng)填which或that。 20.由句子成分可知,定語(yǔ)從句缺少賓語(yǔ),先行詞被all修飾時(shí),用that不用which,故填that。 21.句意:我們將在一個(gè)月內(nèi)完成我們?cè)谀瓿醵ㄏ碌匿N(xiāo)售目標(biāo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,定語(yǔ)從句中set后面缺少賓語(yǔ),先行詞是the sales targets,故用which或that引導(dǎo)。 22.先行詞為the fifth grade,在后面定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞when。句意:我直到五年級(jí)才成為一名嚴(yán)格意義上的攀爬手,當(dāng)時(shí)我爬到樹(shù)上去取一個(gè)落在樹(shù)杈上的風(fēng)箏。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 19.which/that　20.that　21.which/that　22.when -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅱ.用定語(yǔ)從句及括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成下列句子 1.This is the best film that I have seen(我看過(guò)的) in the past few years.(see)? 2.The result must have been disappointing,as/which could be seen from(從……可以看出) the disappointing look on his face.(see)? 3.You’d better ask your teachers and parents for advice,by which means(通過(guò)這種方式) you will make a wiser decision.(means)? 4.Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone whose functions are more practical(它的功能更加實(shí)用).(function)? 5.This is the reason why he is leaving now(他為什么現(xiàn)在離開(kāi)).(leave) -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 6.Mary Brown moved to a place which/that lies near the sea(靠近大海),so she could go swimming every day.(lie)? 7.He got himself into a difficult situation where he must make a final decision all by himself(在這種情形下他必須完全靠自己做出最終決定).(make a decision)? 8.It’s the same person as we wanted to find(我們昨天要找的)yesterday.(find)? 9.Learning strategies,to which(the) teachers attach/have attached importance(老師們認(rèn)為重要的),have not yet drawn enough attention of students.(attach)? 10.Anyone who wants to show his personal talent(凡是想展示個(gè)人才華的人) can go in for the CCTV programme “Amazing Chinese”. 核心考點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題十　定語(yǔ)從句 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)八考點(diǎn)一?關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別　關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,which,that和whose,另外,as也可充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞有when,where和why,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。 1.who指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。 (2024·湖南)Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. 幸福和成功經(jīng)常屬于那些善于認(rèn)識(shí)自己長(zhǎng)處的人。 2.whom指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ),常可省略。 Do you know the boy(whom) we met at the gate? 你認(rèn)識(shí)我們?cè)陂T(mén)口碰到的那個(gè)男孩嗎? -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 3.which 指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。 (2024·安徽)The exact year(which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 安杰拉和她的家人在中國(guó)共同度過(guò)的確切年份是2008年。 4.that 指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于who 或whom;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which。在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。 She is the pop star(that) I want to see very much. 她就是那位我非常想見(jiàn)的明星。 (2024·江西)Among the many dangers(which/that) sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog. 在海員們要面對(duì)的許多危險(xiǎn)中,最嚴(yán)重的可能就是霧。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 5.whose可指人或物,修飾名詞或代詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。“whose+名詞”可改為“the+名詞+of which/whom”或“of which/whom the+名詞”。 (2024·四川)The books on the desk,whose covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 桌子上的這些書(shū)是給我們的獎(jiǎng)品,它們的封面很亮。 (2024·山東)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)利潤(rùn)下降的公司會(huì)尋求到國(guó)外發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。 The house whose windows are very large is my uncle’s.=The house of which the windows are very large is my uncle’s.那個(gè)窗子非常大的房子是我叔叔的。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 6.as可指人也可指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。 (1)引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞前常有as,the same,so,such修飾,且在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞要用as。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out.(as做work out的賓語(yǔ)) 這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難以至于我們班里沒(méi)有人能解出來(lái)。注意:so/such...that結(jié)構(gòu)中,that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,只起連接作用,不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分。 It was so difficult a problem that nobody in my class could work it out.(work out 已經(jīng)有賓語(yǔ),that只起連接作用) -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 (2)as可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,代指整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容,從句中常用的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為see,say,hear,expect,know,report等,常譯為“正如,正像”,其引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。 (2024·江蘇)The number of smokers,as is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如所報(bào)道的,吸煙者的數(shù)量在僅僅一年中下降了百分之十七。

　　-*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 7.when指時(shí)間,在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。其先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞time,day,week,year,month等,常用on which,in which,at which,during which等代替。 (2024·陜西)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent. 作為家中最小的孩子,亞歷克斯總是渴望自己能夠獨(dú)立的日子。 (2024·湖南)I am looking forward to the day when/on which my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 我一直期盼那一天,我的女兒能夠讀懂這本書(shū)并且知道我對(duì)她的情感。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 8.where 指地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”代替。 The house where/in which he lives is near the river. 他住的房子在河邊。注意:高考對(duì)where的考查趨于復(fù)雜,先行詞由“明顯的地點(diǎn)”轉(zhuǎn)為“模糊的地點(diǎn)”,或者說(shuō)“抽象的地點(diǎn)”。這些名詞有:stage,case,position,situation,point,occasion,activity 等。 (2024·福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities where/in which they can gain experience for growth. 學(xué)生應(yīng)該參與社區(qū)活動(dòng),在這些活動(dòng)中他們能獲取成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 9.why 指原因,在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ),可用for which來(lái)替代。why不可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 Tell me the reason why/for which you came late. 告訴我你來(lái)晚了的原因。注意:用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ),就必須要用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)二?關(guān)系代詞必須用that的情況? 1.當(dāng)先行詞是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little,some等不定代詞時(shí),或當(dāng)先行詞被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等不定代詞修飾時(shí)。 We should do all that is useful to the people. 我們應(yīng)該做一切有益于人民的事情。 2.先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last等修飾時(shí)。 This is the last place that I want to visit. 這是我最不想?yún)⒂^的地方。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 3.先行詞是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我讀過(guò)的最好的一部小說(shuō)。 4.先行詞是數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。 This is the third dictionary that I have used. 這是我用過(guò)的第三本字典。 5.當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)含有表示人和物的名詞時(shí)。 We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in. 我們談?wù)摿宋覀兏信d趣的人和事。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 6.以who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句中含有定語(yǔ)從句,為避免重復(fù)時(shí)。 Who is the man that is standing under the tree? 站在樹(shù)下的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)? 注意:Qingdao is the most beautiful city where I have ever worked.(即使有最高級(jí)修飾先行詞city,但從句中work為不及物動(dòng)詞,先行詞只做其地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故要用關(guān)系副詞) 前面所述幾種情況已有前提:需要用關(guān)系代詞時(shí),遇到這幾種情況才選用that。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)三?關(guān)系代詞不能用that的情況 1.在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,關(guān)系代詞只能用指物的which和指人的whom。 This is the train by which we went to Beijing. 這就是我們?nèi)ケ本┏说哪橇谢疖?chē)。 2.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(即通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi),若去掉整個(gè)句子仍能表達(dá)完整意義的定語(yǔ)從句)中。 (2024·北京)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended to me. 上周我在圖書(shū)館里借了《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》這本書(shū),書(shū)是我的同學(xué)向我推薦的。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 3.指人時(shí),當(dāng)先行詞為everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone等時(shí),關(guān)系代詞要用who,不用that。 Is there anyone who can answer this question? 有誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題? 4.先行詞本身是指示代詞that或those時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which。 What’s that which she is looking at? 她正在看什么? -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)四?as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 1.位置不同。which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只置于所限制的句子后;as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句位置較靈活,也就是說(shuō)as從句可置于所限制的句子前、插在句子中或放在句子后。 (2024·湖南)It is a truly delightful place,which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 它確實(shí)是一個(gè)宜人的地方。與一百年前的樣子一樣,有著彎彎曲曲的小徑和漂亮的村舍。 Mike,as you know,is an honest man./Mike is an honest man,as you know./As you know,Mike is an honest man. 如你所知,邁克是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 2.先行詞不同。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),其先行詞多為一個(gè)句子;which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),其先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)句子。 As we all know,he is very proud.(先行詞為一個(gè)句子) 眾所周知,他很自大。 He was proud,which his brother never was.(先行詞是一個(gè)詞) 他是自大的,而他弟弟從不自大。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 3.意義不同。as一般譯為“正如,就像”;which一般譯為“這一點(diǎn),這件事”。 John,as you know,is my best friend. 正如你所知,約翰是我最好的朋友。 He has been to Paris more than ten times,which I don’t believe. 他已去過(guò)巴黎十多次了,這一點(diǎn)我不相信。 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 4.關(guān)系不同。當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí),關(guān)系詞往往只用which。 Tom was late for school,which made his teacher very angry. 湯姆上學(xué)遲到了,這使他老師很生氣。注意:as多用于下列習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中: ①as anybody can see正如大家能看到的那樣 ②as we had expected正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣 ③as often happens正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣 ④as has been said before如之前所述 ⑤as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的 -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)五

　　“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句? 1.在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom,不可用who或者that;指物時(shí)用which,不能用that;關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose。 The person to whom you’ll write is Mr Ball. The old man was talking with Mr Smith,in whose hospital I was operated on. 2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞及名詞、數(shù)詞。 He has two sons,both of whom were killed in the war. I live in a house,the window of which faces the south. -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇可根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和介詞的習(xí)慣搭配、先行詞和介詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)確定,有時(shí)也需要結(jié)合句意。 In the street there wasn’t any person to whom she could turn for help. The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 4.“復(fù)合介詞短語(yǔ)+關(guān)系代詞which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,定語(yǔ)從句常和先行詞用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),定語(yǔ)從句常用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 He lives in a big house,in front of which stands a tall apple tree. 注意:在一些固定搭配的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中,由于動(dòng)詞和介詞不能分割,因此不能把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞之前。 This is the book(which/that) I’m looking for. 不可以說(shuō):This is the book for which I’m looking. 5.from where 雖為“介詞+關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu),但也可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,where往往指代前面表示具體位置的介詞短語(yǔ)。 He stood on top of the hill,from where he could see the whole village.(where指代on top of the hill,指的是“從山頂那個(gè)地方看”,而不是指“山”) -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)六?定語(yǔ)從句與其他句型的區(qū)別 1.定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。二者都跟在名詞后面,區(qū)別是:定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞,是對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾限定;同位語(yǔ)從句則是對(duì)前面名詞的解釋說(shuō)明,是其內(nèi)容。同位語(yǔ)從句前的名詞常為抽象名詞,如:idea,fact,truth,evidence,news,thought。同位語(yǔ)從句主要由that引導(dǎo),在從句中不作成分,有時(shí)也可以由when,where,how,why,whether,what等詞引導(dǎo),在從句中充當(dāng)成分。 The news that our team won made us excited.(our team won是news的內(nèi)容,that不充當(dāng)從句的成分,為同位語(yǔ)從句。可理解為:The news was that our team won.) The news that he told me was exciting.(he told me 缺少一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ),由that充當(dāng),故為定語(yǔ)從句。不能將其理解為:The news was that he told me.) -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 2.定語(yǔ)從句與并列句和簡(jiǎn)單句的區(qū)別。區(qū)別的關(guān)鍵是看標(biāo)點(diǎn)和連接詞。 Our class has sixty students,most of whom study hard.(逗號(hào)后為另一個(gè)句子,兩個(gè)句子之間要用連接代詞whom,為定語(yǔ)從句) Our class has sixty students,and most of them study hard.(逗號(hào)后為另一個(gè)句子,且已經(jīng)有并列連詞and,故用them即可,為并列句) Our class has sixty students.Most of them study hard.(兩句之間為句號(hào),代表兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句,故不需要連接詞) -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 3.定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。定語(yǔ)從句前面必有先行詞,而狀語(yǔ)從句(如時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)則是作整個(gè)句子的狀語(yǔ),前面沒(méi)有先行詞。 Do you know the time when he will come back?(定語(yǔ)從句,前面有先行詞time) I will go shopping when he comes back.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,前面沒(méi)有先行詞) Put the book where it belongs.(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句,指的是“放書(shū)”的地點(diǎn),前面無(wú)先行詞,因此不能用to which) Put the book in the place where it belongs.(定語(yǔ)從句,前面有先行詞place) -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七 4.定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)別。當(dāng)it is/was后出現(xiàn)表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞時(shí),其后所接的從句是定語(yǔ)從句還是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,要看將it is/was和that(可以先假設(shè))去掉之后句式是否完整(不缺少成分),若句式完整則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 It was Sunday when he came back.(定語(yǔ)從句) It was on Sunday that he came back.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句式,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)on Sunday,去掉It was和that后句式完整) -*- 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)六考點(diǎn)七考點(diǎn)七

　　幾種特殊情況? 1.當(dāng)先行詞為way,意為“方法、方式”,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可用關(guān)系代詞which或that;做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),要用in which 或that或不填任何關(guān)系詞。 The way(that/in which) he finished the task successfully was difficult to understand.(做狀語(yǔ)) The way that/which he explained to me was not difficult to understand.(做賓語(yǔ)) 2.當(dāng)先行詞為time時(shí),若表示“一段時(shí)間”,后面定語(yǔ)從句用when引導(dǎo),也可用at/during which;若表示“次數(shù)”,后面定語(yǔ)從句用that引導(dǎo),that可以省略。 There was a time when we had no TV sets. This is the second time(that) the president has visited our country. -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空 1.(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ改編)I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.? 2.(2024·安徽改編)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.?

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 1.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為定語(yǔ)從句,且從句中缺少主語(yǔ),并修飾物,故用that/which。 2.本題的主句是“Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill”,“upon　school education depends” 是定語(yǔ)從句。在這類(lèi)從句中,先行詞指人時(shí)用whom,指物時(shí)則用which。在本句中先行詞為the fundamental skill,且前面有upon,因此填which。句意:一些專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為,閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依賴(lài)的基本技能。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 1.that/which

　　2.which

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 3.(2024·重慶改編)He wrote many children’s books,nearly half of were published in the 1990s.? 4.(2024·北京改編) Opposite is St.Paul’s Church,you can hear some lovely music.?

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 3.句意:他寫(xiě)了很多本兒童讀物,其中將近一半是于20世紀(jì)90年代出版的。此處考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為books,指物,故填which。 4.句意:對(duì)面是圣保羅教堂,在那里你可以聽(tīng)到一些動(dòng)聽(tīng)的音樂(lè)。分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾St.Paul’s Church;St.Paul’s Church是一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,且從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),故填where。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 3.Which

　　4.where

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 5.(2024·山西師大附中月考改編)Scientists have searched for a long time for a reason 　so many bees are disappearing. 6.(2024·廣州一模改編)When performing a scene there were few laughs,he would often make up his own jokes,which always entertained the audience,but sometimes also ruined the scene.?

　　答案解析解析關(guān)閉 5.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格后為定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是a reason,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句so many bees are disappearing中做狀語(yǔ),故用why來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 6.空后是定語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填where。

　　答案解析關(guān)閉 5.Why

　　6.where

　　核心考點(diǎn)