2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)課件：虛擬語(yǔ)氣（新人教版）

由雕龍文庫(kù) 分享時(shí)間：2024-04-02 13:47:33 收藏本文

　　虛擬語(yǔ)氣一、以if條件從句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣標(biāo)志時(shí)態(tài) 從句動(dòng)詞形式主句動(dòng)詞形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 did would/could/should/might do 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 (1)did (2)were to do (3)should do would/could/should/might do 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had done would/could/should/might have done 注意以下兩個(gè)方面： 1．含蓄條件句有時(shí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣并不總是用if引導(dǎo)的條件句來(lái)表示，而是通過(guò)一些詞或短語(yǔ)表示出來(lái)。這些詞或短語(yǔ)引出的條件句與if引導(dǎo)的條件句意義相似，如but for，with，without，otherwise，or，but等。其中but for相當(dāng)于if it were not for/if it had not been for，表示“要不是……”。 He wouldn't have survived but for the neighbour's timely help.

　　2．在虛擬條件句中有時(shí)if是可以省略的，當(dāng)if被省略后，要將從句中的were，had，should置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Were he here，he could settle the issue. 二、suggest等動(dòng)詞及其相應(yīng)的名詞后跟的從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 1．賓語(yǔ)從句 suggest等表示建議、愿望、命令等的動(dòng)詞后跟的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句謂語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略。類(lèi)似用法的動(dòng)詞還有order，request，advise，require，insist，demand，command等。 The doctor suggested that he (should) take more rest. 2．主語(yǔ)從句在“It is/was/has/had been suggested＋that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”中，主語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。和suggest用法一樣的動(dòng)詞還有demand，order，advise，require，propose等。另外，在“It is/was important(necessary，desirable，advisable等)＋that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”中，從句也常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。 It is suggested that the building (should) be pulled down. It is necessary that a doctor (should) be sent for at once. 3．表語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)suggestion，order，proposal，demand等名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。 My advice is that you (should) give up smoking. 4．同位語(yǔ)從句在suggestion，advice，order，proposal，demand等名詞后跟的同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should可以省略。 His suggestion that we (should) set off at 5：00 a．m.is not good enough. 三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的特殊句型 1．It is (high/about) time (that) sb.did sth. It is (high/about) time (that) sb.did sth.(that可以省略)表示“是某人做某事的時(shí)候了”，此句型應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外，也可使用It is (high/about) time (that) sb.should do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，其中should不能省略。 It is 11：00 now.It is high time (that) you went/should go to bed. 2．would rather (that) sb.did sth. 當(dāng)表示“寧愿某人做某事”時(shí)，如果是沒(méi)有發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，即would rather sb.did sth.；如果是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即would rather sb.had done sth.。 I'd rather you left tomorrow.