2024屆高考英語一輪復習考點規范練：32（新人教版）
考點規范練32(選修7 Unit 2)
.閱讀理解
A
Robots have proven very useful in different situations.But those robots are small remote-controlled tanks with a mechanical arm,and they can get hung up on narrow stairwells(樓梯井) and are stopped by ladders.“A lot of the places where you do disaster recovery are only accessible for people,”says Marc Raibert,the president of Boston Dynamics,which is providing advice and help for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)—the scientific research department of the U.S. military(軍隊)—to create the most advanced robots on earth.“If you’re a humanoid—a machine or creature with the appearance and qualities of a human—access can be increased and you can use available tools.”In the future DARPA hopes,a humanoid robot will be able to drive trucks,and enter power plants.
That future is a long way off.Simple movements like squatting(蹲) are almost impossible for something with metal parts and skin that cannot bend,says Raibert.Still,recent progress is impressive enough that the military has begun to bet on legged bots.The Office of Naval Research is working with Virginia Tech on a humanoid firefighting robot,and Dynamics showed off two of its latest projects:Cheetah,a four-legged robot capable of running 28 miles per hour,and the Legged Squad Support System,a big and awkward headless robot funded by DARPA and the Marine Corps to help carry things in places like mountain areas.
“Half the land on earth is too rough,sandy,or rocky for wheeled things,”says Raibert.“Humans and animals can go to those places.They are the only examples of successful systems that do what we’re trying to do.”
None of the walking robots is meant to fight.They’re designed to put out fires and clean up industrial accidents.But they are all funded by the military.“I’m well aware of how the world works,”says Dennis Hong,founding director of Virginia Tech’s robotics lab.“Robots for me are tools to help society,not to fight in wars.But once a technology leaves our lab,there’s no way to control how people can use it.”
1.In Marc Railbert’s opinion,robots need to be designed like humans to .?
A.accomplish complex tasks
B.be controlled efficiently
C.survive disasters
D.appear friendly
2.Which of the following is most likely to be Cheetah?
3.The underlined word “They”in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to .?
A.Cheetah and the Legged Squad Support System
B.humans and animals
C.wheeled things
D.legged robots
4.How does Dennis Hong feel about using robots in wars?
A.Surprised.B.Cautious.
C.Uninterested. D.Helpless.
B
When it comes to preschool education,there are two lines of thought.One says that preschoolers need to be taught early academic skills in order to get a leg up on future school achievement.Another says the focus should be on social and emotional development.But,new research from Penn State University says a high quality preschool program should do both.
Karen Bierman,Penn State Professor of Psychology,and her team studied 350 preschoolers.Half were taught the traditional curriculum(課程).The other half were given the basic curriculum as well as social and emotional teachings.
The results show that the half students taught with a curriculum that includes social lessons,such as sharing,listening,and self-control,score higher in both the social and academic areas of school readiness that the other half students.
The other finding is that when you work on both academic and social-emotional skills,you get stronger gains in both areas.“You get the combined power when you put both together,so neither area is weakened,”she says.
Clearly,knowing how to share,develop healthy friendships,and learn side-by-side with others is important to a child’s academic achievement in the classroom.But,Bierman says the importance of social and emotional education goes beyond that.Preschool is prime time for the development of self-regulation,which not only tells a child not to hit another child,but also tells a child how to set personal goals and focus himself enough to follow through with those goals.And the ability to regulate behavior is what helps children get motivated at school.“When they get upset,bored,or frustrated,it doesn’t defeat them,”she says.?
Goal-oriented(面向目標的) and motivated learning is best taught in preschool,Bierman says,when the prefrontal part of the brain,which controls decision-making,is at the height of development.“First grade teachers can teach letter names,but preschool is when that behavior is peaking and language is just beginning to develop,”she says.
5.Karen Bierman and her team carried out the research by .?
A.tracking 350 preschoolers for years
B.separating children into two equal groups
C.working out a high quality preschool program
D.analyzing the importance of social and emotional teaching
6.The underlined words “prime time”in the text probably refer to .?
A.the best time B.the only time
C.the earliest time D.the suitable time
7.According to the text,self-regulation can help children .?
A.be willing to study
B.become emotionless
C.memorize letter names
D.learn language quickly
8.What’s the best title for the text?
A.Preschool learning:more than ABCs and 123s
B.Karen Bierman:freeing kids from boring learning
C.Learning self-regulation in preschool:why it matters?
D.Academic and social-emotional skills:which is more important?
Ⅱ.七選五
Five simple things that are actually complex
The proof for “1+1=2”is 300 pages long
1. In the early 20th century,Bertrand Russell wanted to prove that mathematics worked,so he decided to start with the simplest concept and prove 1+1=2.However,it took the mathematician and philosopher 372 pages of complex sums.?
Defining the word “the” is really difficult
The word “the”is one of the most common words in English.2. For example,why do we say,“I have the flu,”but not“I have the headache?”In the Oxford English Dictionary,there are almost two dozen different ways the word can be used in a sentence correctly:?
Yawning
Some people say we yawn to keep us alert(警覺的) by taking in oxygen.However,various experiments have shown that yawning actually cools down the brain.3. As for why yawning is contagious(感染性的),no one knows that either.?
Left and right have been confusing philosophers for years
Would you explain the concept of left and right in terms of your relative position to a well-known landmark(地標性建筑)?4. It’s a question that has been puzzling philosophers for years because,without a point of reference,it’s difficult to define what left and right actually are.?
5.?
You’d think that the reason we enjoy things is because it feels good in some way,but it’s only half the story.There’s a famous experiment where wine experts were fooled into thinking a cheap bottle of wine was an outstanding one just by switching the labels.Their enjoyment of the product wasn’t based on appreciation of wine—it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.
A.What you feel may not be the truth.
B.We enjoy things for reasons other than enjoyment.
C.But what if you were talking to one who couldn’t see?
D.We all know that one plus one equals two,but do you know why?
E.In fact,there is no universally agreed theory for why we actually yawn.
F.Maybe you’d refer to the move of the Earth or something comparably huge.
G.Most of us have probably never stopped to think about how strange a word it actually is.
Ⅲ.書面表達
假設你是李華。你的美國同學戴維曾在中國與你一起學習了半年,但回國后就失去了聯系。請你給他的爸爸史密斯先生發一封郵件,感謝戴維對你英語學習的幫助,詢問他的近況和聯系方式并邀請他在春節期間來中國旅游。
注意:1.詞數100左右;
2.可適當增加細節,以使行文連貫;
3.郵件的格式已給出,不計入總詞數。
Dear Mr.Smith,
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
?導學號95480051?
考點規范練32(選修7 Unit 2)
.【語篇導讀】本文是說明文。未來的機器人將會設計得越來越像人類,并能完成復雜的任務。
1.A 細節理解題。根據第一段中的“If you’re a humanoid...access can be increased and you can use available tools...a humanoid robot will be able to drive trucks,and enter power plants.”可知,類人化的機器人可以到更多的地方,完成復雜的任務。
2.C 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Cheetah,a four-legged robot capable of running 28 miles per hour”可知,Cheetah是四腳著地的機器人,故選C項。
3.A 篇章結構題。根據第三段內容可知,地球上一半的道路都不適合輪子通過,但是人類和動物可以到達這些地方,所以人們模仿自己和動物設計出了“有腿的”機器人。上段中提到的Cheetah可以一小時跑28英里,Legged Squad Support System可以在山區等地方幫助人們馱東西,因此說這兩個機器人是研發成功的例子,能夠做我們人類做的事情。
4.D 推理判斷題。根據最后一段末的“Robots for me are tools to help society,not to fight in wars.But once a technology leaves our lab,there’s no way to control how people can use it.”可知,Dennis Hong認為設計機器人是為了造福社會,而不是為了戰爭,但是一旦一項技術離開了他們的實驗室,他們就無法控制人們怎樣利用這項技術。由此可推測,他對于機器人被使用在戰爭中感到無能為力。
【語篇導讀】本文是議論文。有人認為應該教授學前兒童基本的知識及學習技能以應對將來的學習生活,有人認為應該著重發展學前兒童的社交能力并讓他們學會管理自己的情緒。Karen Bierman則認為這兩者不應該相互排斥,一個好的學前教育應該包含這兩方面的內容。
5.B 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Half were taught the traditional curriculum(課程).The other half were given the basic curriculum as well as social and emotional teachings.”不難看出,Karen Bierman和她的研究小組把研究對象平均分成兩組,分別教授不同的課程。
6.A 詞義猜測題。根據最后兩段內容,尤其是“Goal-oriented(面向目標的) and motivated learning is best taught in preschool...”可推測,教授包括面向目標的學習及有動機的學習在內的情緒管理的“最佳時間”是在孩子入學前。
7.A 細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“And the ability to regulate behavior is what helps children get motivated at school.”可知答案為A項。
8.A 主旨大意題。文章第一段是本文的主題段:學前教育不應該僅僅教授基本知識,還應該包括社交能力和情緒管理方面的內容。A項符合本文主題。
.【語篇導讀】本文是說明文。文章列舉了五件讓人琢磨不透的簡單事。
1.D 根據本段標題可知,本段是介紹“關于1+1=2的論證有300多頁”。D項中的one plus one equals two符合本段內容。
2.G 根據本空后的例子可知,同樣是在說生病,但是有的時候用the,有的時候不用the,所以說the“這個詞實際上非常奇怪”,只是因為它太常見了,所以“大部分人從來沒想過這回事”。
3.E 本空前兩句分別介紹了關于打哈欠的兩種不同理論,由此可推測“實際上,關于我們為什么打哈欠現在還沒有一個一致同意的理論”。本空后一句中的no one knows that either 也提示了大家還不知道為什么會打哈欠、打哈欠為什么會傳染。
4.C 根據本空前的內容可知,我們有時會以自己與某一地標性建筑的相對位置來定義左右,“但是如果我們是同一個盲人交談呢”,又該如何定義左右呢?這也是為什么如何定義左右困擾了哲學家很多年。
5.B 根據本段列舉的例子及最后一句“Their enjoyment of the product wasn’t based on appreciation of wine—it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.”可知,“我們喜歡一樣東西不是因為它能帶給我們愉悅,而是因為其他的原因”。
.Dear Mr.Smith,?
I’m writing to express my warmest thanks to your son,David.He offered me great help with my English learning while he was studying in China.
I’ve sent several e-mails after his returning to America.However,I haven’t got any reply so far.It’s possible that I’ve got a wrong e-mail address.It has been a long time since I saw him.I wonder if he is having a good time.Can you do me a favor and help me get in touch with him?
With the Spring Festival drawing near,I’d like to invite him to travel in China.I can act as his tour guide.
Yours sincerely,?
Li Hua?
考點規范練32(選修7 Unit 2)
.閱讀理解
A
Robots have proven very useful in different situations.But those robots are small remote-controlled tanks with a mechanical arm,and they can get hung up on narrow stairwells(樓梯井) and are stopped by ladders.“A lot of the places where you do disaster recovery are only accessible for people,”says Marc Raibert,the president of Boston Dynamics,which is providing advice and help for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)—the scientific research department of the U.S. military(軍隊)—to create the most advanced robots on earth.“If you’re a humanoid—a machine or creature with the appearance and qualities of a human—access can be increased and you can use available tools.”In the future DARPA hopes,a humanoid robot will be able to drive trucks,and enter power plants.
That future is a long way off.Simple movements like squatting(蹲) are almost impossible for something with metal parts and skin that cannot bend,says Raibert.Still,recent progress is impressive enough that the military has begun to bet on legged bots.The Office of Naval Research is working with Virginia Tech on a humanoid firefighting robot,and Dynamics showed off two of its latest projects:Cheetah,a four-legged robot capable of running 28 miles per hour,and the Legged Squad Support System,a big and awkward headless robot funded by DARPA and the Marine Corps to help carry things in places like mountain areas.
“Half the land on earth is too rough,sandy,or rocky for wheeled things,”says Raibert.“Humans and animals can go to those places.They are the only examples of successful systems that do what we’re trying to do.”
None of the walking robots is meant to fight.They’re designed to put out fires and clean up industrial accidents.But they are all funded by the military.“I’m well aware of how the world works,”says Dennis Hong,founding director of Virginia Tech’s robotics lab.“Robots for me are tools to help society,not to fight in wars.But once a technology leaves our lab,there’s no way to control how people can use it.”
1.In Marc Railbert’s opinion,robots need to be designed like humans to .?
A.accomplish complex tasks
B.be controlled efficiently
C.survive disasters
D.appear friendly
2.Which of the following is most likely to be Cheetah?
3.The underlined word “They”in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to .?
A.Cheetah and the Legged Squad Support System
B.humans and animals
C.wheeled things
D.legged robots
4.How does Dennis Hong feel about using robots in wars?
A.Surprised.B.Cautious.
C.Uninterested. D.Helpless.
B
When it comes to preschool education,there are two lines of thought.One says that preschoolers need to be taught early academic skills in order to get a leg up on future school achievement.Another says the focus should be on social and emotional development.But,new research from Penn State University says a high quality preschool program should do both.
Karen Bierman,Penn State Professor of Psychology,and her team studied 350 preschoolers.Half were taught the traditional curriculum(課程).The other half were given the basic curriculum as well as social and emotional teachings.
The results show that the half students taught with a curriculum that includes social lessons,such as sharing,listening,and self-control,score higher in both the social and academic areas of school readiness that the other half students.
The other finding is that when you work on both academic and social-emotional skills,you get stronger gains in both areas.“You get the combined power when you put both together,so neither area is weakened,”she says.
Clearly,knowing how to share,develop healthy friendships,and learn side-by-side with others is important to a child’s academic achievement in the classroom.But,Bierman says the importance of social and emotional education goes beyond that.Preschool is prime time for the development of self-regulation,which not only tells a child not to hit another child,but also tells a child how to set personal goals and focus himself enough to follow through with those goals.And the ability to regulate behavior is what helps children get motivated at school.“When they get upset,bored,or frustrated,it doesn’t defeat them,”she says.?
Goal-oriented(面向目標的) and motivated learning is best taught in preschool,Bierman says,when the prefrontal part of the brain,which controls decision-making,is at the height of development.“First grade teachers can teach letter names,but preschool is when that behavior is peaking and language is just beginning to develop,”she says.
5.Karen Bierman and her team carried out the research by .?
A.tracking 350 preschoolers for years
B.separating children into two equal groups
C.working out a high quality preschool program
D.analyzing the importance of social and emotional teaching
6.The underlined words “prime time”in the text probably refer to .?
A.the best time B.the only time
C.the earliest time D.the suitable time
7.According to the text,self-regulation can help children .?
A.be willing to study
B.become emotionless
C.memorize letter names
D.learn language quickly
8.What’s the best title for the text?
A.Preschool learning:more than ABCs and 123s
B.Karen Bierman:freeing kids from boring learning
C.Learning self-regulation in preschool:why it matters?
D.Academic and social-emotional skills:which is more important?
Ⅱ.七選五
Five simple things that are actually complex
The proof for “1+1=2”is 300 pages long
1. In the early 20th century,Bertrand Russell wanted to prove that mathematics worked,so he decided to start with the simplest concept and prove 1+1=2.However,it took the mathematician and philosopher 372 pages of complex sums.?
Defining the word “the” is really difficult
The word “the”is one of the most common words in English.2. For example,why do we say,“I have the flu,”but not“I have the headache?”In the Oxford English Dictionary,there are almost two dozen different ways the word can be used in a sentence correctly:?
Yawning
Some people say we yawn to keep us alert(警覺的) by taking in oxygen.However,various experiments have shown that yawning actually cools down the brain.3. As for why yawning is contagious(感染性的),no one knows that either.?
Left and right have been confusing philosophers for years
Would you explain the concept of left and right in terms of your relative position to a well-known landmark(地標性建筑)?4. It’s a question that has been puzzling philosophers for years because,without a point of reference,it’s difficult to define what left and right actually are.?
5.?
You’d think that the reason we enjoy things is because it feels good in some way,but it’s only half the story.There’s a famous experiment where wine experts were fooled into thinking a cheap bottle of wine was an outstanding one just by switching the labels.Their enjoyment of the product wasn’t based on appreciation of wine—it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.
A.What you feel may not be the truth.
B.We enjoy things for reasons other than enjoyment.
C.But what if you were talking to one who couldn’t see?
D.We all know that one plus one equals two,but do you know why?
E.In fact,there is no universally agreed theory for why we actually yawn.
F.Maybe you’d refer to the move of the Earth or something comparably huge.
G.Most of us have probably never stopped to think about how strange a word it actually is.
Ⅲ.書面表達
假設你是李華。你的美國同學戴維曾在中國與你一起學習了半年,但回國后就失去了聯系。請你給他的爸爸史密斯先生發一封郵件,感謝戴維對你英語學習的幫助,詢問他的近況和聯系方式并邀請他在春節期間來中國旅游。
注意:1.詞數100左右;
2.可適當增加細節,以使行文連貫;
3.郵件的格式已給出,不計入總詞數。
Dear Mr.Smith,
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
?導學號95480051?
考點規范練32(選修7 Unit 2)
.【語篇導讀】本文是說明文。未來的機器人將會設計得越來越像人類,并能完成復雜的任務。
1.A 細節理解題。根據第一段中的“If you’re a humanoid...access can be increased and you can use available tools...a humanoid robot will be able to drive trucks,and enter power plants.”可知,類人化的機器人可以到更多的地方,完成復雜的任務。
2.C 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Cheetah,a four-legged robot capable of running 28 miles per hour”可知,Cheetah是四腳著地的機器人,故選C項。
3.A 篇章結構題。根據第三段內容可知,地球上一半的道路都不適合輪子通過,但是人類和動物可以到達這些地方,所以人們模仿自己和動物設計出了“有腿的”機器人。上段中提到的Cheetah可以一小時跑28英里,Legged Squad Support System可以在山區等地方幫助人們馱東西,因此說這兩個機器人是研發成功的例子,能夠做我們人類做的事情。
4.D 推理判斷題。根據最后一段末的“Robots for me are tools to help society,not to fight in wars.But once a technology leaves our lab,there’s no way to control how people can use it.”可知,Dennis Hong認為設計機器人是為了造福社會,而不是為了戰爭,但是一旦一項技術離開了他們的實驗室,他們就無法控制人們怎樣利用這項技術。由此可推測,他對于機器人被使用在戰爭中感到無能為力。
【語篇導讀】本文是議論文。有人認為應該教授學前兒童基本的知識及學習技能以應對將來的學習生活,有人認為應該著重發展學前兒童的社交能力并讓他們學會管理自己的情緒。Karen Bierman則認為這兩者不應該相互排斥,一個好的學前教育應該包含這兩方面的內容。
5.B 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Half were taught the traditional curriculum(課程).The other half were given the basic curriculum as well as social and emotional teachings.”不難看出,Karen Bierman和她的研究小組把研究對象平均分成兩組,分別教授不同的課程。
6.A 詞義猜測題。根據最后兩段內容,尤其是“Goal-oriented(面向目標的) and motivated learning is best taught in preschool...”可推測,教授包括面向目標的學習及有動機的學習在內的情緒管理的“最佳時間”是在孩子入學前。
7.A 細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“And the ability to regulate behavior is what helps children get motivated at school.”可知答案為A項。
8.A 主旨大意題。文章第一段是本文的主題段:學前教育不應該僅僅教授基本知識,還應該包括社交能力和情緒管理方面的內容。A項符合本文主題。
.【語篇導讀】本文是說明文。文章列舉了五件讓人琢磨不透的簡單事。
1.D 根據本段標題可知,本段是介紹“關于1+1=2的論證有300多頁”。D項中的one plus one equals two符合本段內容。
2.G 根據本空后的例子可知,同樣是在說生病,但是有的時候用the,有的時候不用the,所以說the“這個詞實際上非常奇怪”,只是因為它太常見了,所以“大部分人從來沒想過這回事”。
3.E 本空前兩句分別介紹了關于打哈欠的兩種不同理論,由此可推測“實際上,關于我們為什么打哈欠現在還沒有一個一致同意的理論”。本空后一句中的no one knows that either 也提示了大家還不知道為什么會打哈欠、打哈欠為什么會傳染。
4.C 根據本空前的內容可知,我們有時會以自己與某一地標性建筑的相對位置來定義左右,“但是如果我們是同一個盲人交談呢”,又該如何定義左右呢?這也是為什么如何定義左右困擾了哲學家很多年。
5.B 根據本段列舉的例子及最后一句“Their enjoyment of the product wasn’t based on appreciation of wine—it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.”可知,“我們喜歡一樣東西不是因為它能帶給我們愉悅,而是因為其他的原因”。
.Dear Mr.Smith,?
I’m writing to express my warmest thanks to your son,David.He offered me great help with my English learning while he was studying in China.
I’ve sent several e-mails after his returning to America.However,I haven’t got any reply so far.It’s possible that I’ve got a wrong e-mail address.It has been a long time since I saw him.I wonder if he is having a good time.Can you do me a favor and help me get in touch with him?
With the Spring Festival drawing near,I’d like to invite him to travel in China.I can act as his tour guide.
Yours sincerely,?
Li Hua?
