2024屆福建省高考英語一輪復習語法專題練：6 動詞的時態和語態（新人教版含解析）
語法專題六 動詞的時態和語態
對應演練
遷移運用
.用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空
1.(2024·課標全國改編)It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.?
2.(2024·課標全國改編)This cycle (go) day after day.?
3.(2024·湖南改編)He must have sensed that I (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”?
4.(2024·福建改編)—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.?
5.(2024·天津改編)Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.?
6.(2024·天津改編)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.?
7.(2024·四川改編)More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.?
8.(2024·安徽江南十校聯考改編)About China,the most frequently used word by people is “exciting”,since the country (change)every day.?
9.(2024·山西四校聯考改編)That meant she was surrounded by either teachers who were busy teaching or students who (devote) to their studies.?
10.(2024·安徽江淮十校聯考改編)—How long do you suppose it (be) before the African can keep Ebola under control??
—As soon as possible.
11.(2024·重慶巴蜀中學模擬改編)The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an,one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China,(date) back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty.?
12.(2024·湖南衡陽五校聯考改編)—You seem to be familiar with this city.
—I (live)here for four years.It’s great to be back.?
13.(2024·江蘇揚州中學質檢改編)As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot,I was sure I (pass).?
14.(2024·廣州一模改編)While still a beginner,he felt he should be given the freedom to do what he wished on stage and often (ignore) his directors’ instructions.?
15.(2024·云南部分名校1月統考改編)It is true that the Internet (change) the way we work and communicate.?
16.(2024·甘肅部分普通高中聯考改編)The new discovery (make)by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) last year.?
17.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)In the traditional Chinese calendar,each year (give) a name of 12 kinds of animal.?
18.(2024·山東改編)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we (expect).?
19.(2024·山東改編)They made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.?
20.(2024·陜西改編)During his stay in Xi’an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends (recommend).?
21.(2024·湖南改編)Since the time humankind started gardening,we (try) to make our environment more beautiful.?
22.(2024·安徽改編)The twins,who (finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.?
23.(2024·重慶改編)You’d better write down her phone number before you (forget) it.?
24.(2024·江西改編)—Tony,why are your eyes red?
—I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.?
25.(2024·浙江改編)Sofia looked around at all the faces:she had the impression that she (see) most of the guests before.?
.完成句子
1.她現在正在手術室接受手術。
She in the operating room now.?
2.我到門口時,他們正在看電視。
They TV when I came to the door.?
3.到上周末為止,我們已經學了100篇短文了。
We 100 passages by the end of last weekend.?
4.明年的這個時候,我們肯定坐在大學的教室里了。
By this time next year,we in a classroom in university.?
5.這間辦公室禁止吸煙。
Smoking in this office.?
6.剛才我們給小女孩5分鐘時間決定是否做這件事。
The little girl five minutes to decide whether to do it or not just now.?
7.如果不制止城市噪音的持續上升,人們20年后甚至在同一張飯桌上都要提高嗓門說話才能聽見。
If city noises from increasing,people will have to shout to be heard even at the same dinner table in 20 years.?
8.這工作一定是他昨天做的。
This work by him yesterday.?
9.要湊齊這套郵票,我還需要一張。
I need one more stamp before my collection of this kind .?
10.這種材料摸起來很柔軟。
This material very soft.?
.閱讀下面短文,用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空
My name is Robert Arthur.I work as a pilot for a major commercial airline.I 1.(work) as a pilot for over 30 years.After college I went into the U.S.Air Force,where I 2.(serve) for ten years.After I left the Air Force,I got a job with a major commercial airline and 3.(fly) commercially ever since.Lately I have been thinking about retirement because pilots have to 4.(retire) at the age of 60.?
People have often asked me how I 5.(become) interested in flying.Like most pilots,my interest in aviation(航空) 6. (go) back to my childhood,when I 7. (watch) birds and airplanes fly through the sky.?
My job has taken me away from my home and my family much of the time.I’ve lived in many locations.For the past few years,however,I 8. (live) in Pittsburgh.To be a pilot,I have had to make many sacrifices.But there is nothing else I’d rather 9. (do).For me,flying 10. (present) an understanding of how one fits in with the rest of the world.
##
語法專題六 動詞的時態和語態
對應演練·遷移運用
.1.arrived 根據前面的“was raining”可知,此句應用一般過去時。
2.goes 本句講述的是事實,故應用一般現在時;又因為主語this cycle為第三人稱單數,故用goes。
3.was looking 句意:他肯定已經意識到我正在看著他。他突然看了我一眼,悄悄地說:“你為什么那樣盯著我?”。根據后句可知是“正在看著”,所以應用過去進行時。
4.has been writing 句意:——彼得在哪里?我到處找不到他。——早飯后他去圖書館了,之后一直在那里寫論文。根據時間狀語ever since可知,此處用現在完成進行時表示動作從過去持續到現在,接下來可能繼續進行。
5.will be teaching 句意:簡不能參加今天下午三點的會議了,因為那個時候她將正在上課。根據句意可知,“今天下午三點”是一個將來的時間;表示將來某一時刻正在做某事,應該用將來進行時。故填will be teaching。
6.has been reached 句意:盡管之前有好幾輪的會談,但是迄今為止雙方仍然沒有達成協議。根據時間狀語so far可知,空格處用現在完成時,agreement與reach之間為被動關系。故填has been reached。
7.will be built 根據時間狀語soon可以判斷,句子應用將來時;高速公路和建造之間是動賓關系,所以用被動形式。故填will be built。句意:為了促進當地經濟,四川不久將建造更多的高速公路。
8.is changing 句意:關于中國,人們使用最多的詞就是“激動人心”,因為這個國家每天都在變化。根據句中時間狀語every day可知此處表示變化一直都在進行,沒有停下,所以用現在進行時。
9.were devoted 固定搭配be devoted to...“致力于……”;句中的or后是一個定語從句,因為先行詞是students,再由前一個定語從句的時態是一般過去時可知,此處填were devoted。
10.will be 句意:——你認為還用多長時間非洲能夠控制住埃博拉?——盡可能快。題干中before引導的是時間狀語從句,從句用一般現在時,主句用一般將來時。根據句型:It will be+時間段+before+從句“要過多久才……”。故用will be。
11.dates 題干中的one of短語是主語的同位語,題干中缺少謂語動詞,date back“追溯”,沒有被動語態。指從現在追溯到唐朝,故用一般現在時。
12.lived 句意:——你看起來對這個城市很熟。——我在這里生活了四年,回來真好。結合語境可知,這里只是描述的是過去的事情,故用動詞的過去式。
13.had passed 句意:只要我的駕駛教練告訴我駛進停車場,我相信我就通過了。pass“通過(考試等)”,根據題干中的was sure可知,此處表示發生在此之前的動作,故判斷應該用過去完成時。
14.ignored ignore與前文的felt是并列的謂語動詞,它們應在人稱、數、時態上保持一致。故填ignored。
15.has changed 句意:因特網已經改變了我們工作和交流的方式。根據主句時態及常識可知從句應用現在完成時態,且the Internet為第三人稱單數形式,故用has changed。
16.was made 新發現是一個由幾個科學家組成的團隊做出的,動作發生在過去;the discovery和make之間是動賓關系,且是謂語,故用was made。
17.is given 句意:在中國傳統的農歷年中,每年都被給予了12種動物中的一種動物名稱。根據題干中的主語應是give的動作承受者,且題干說明的是客觀事實,應用一般現在時。
18.had expected 句意:手寫出所有的這些請帖比我們原先預料的更費時。根據前面的was可以看出,此處表示過去的動作,且expect發生在“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。
19.would buy 句意:他們決定一旦拉里換了工作,他們就買一所新房子。根據句意可知buy這個動作應在made up their mind之后,故應用過去將來時。
20.had recommended 定語從句中的謂語動作“推薦”發生在主句謂語動作“品嘗”之前,也就是“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。
21.have been trying 句意:自從人類開始園藝勞動以來,我們一直在設法使我們的環境變得更加美麗。根據時間狀語Since the time humankind started gardening可知,主句的謂語動詞用現在完成進行時,表示動作從過去持續到現在并且可能還將繼續持續下去。
22.had finished “完成作業”發生在“被允許打羽毛球”之前,表示“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。句意:已經完成了作業的這對雙胞胎被允許在操場上打羽毛球。
23.forget 句意:你趁著還沒忘,最好把她的電話號碼記下來。此處是before引導的時間狀語從句,用一般現在時表將來。
24.have been cutting 句意:——托尼,你的眼睛怎么是紅的?——最近五分鐘我一直在切辣椒。根據for the last five minutes及語境可知用現在完成進行時。
25.had seen “她以前已經見過絕大多數客人”是在“有這樣的印象”之前,即“過去的過去”,所以用過去完成時。句意:索菲婭環顧四周看了一下所有的面孔,她有這樣的印象:她以前見過絕大多數客人。
.1.is being operated on 2.were watching
3.had learned 4.shall/will be sitting 5.is forbidden/banned 6.was given 7.are not kept 8.must have been done 9.is completed
10.feels
.1.have been working 根據后面的for over 30 years可知此處表示從過去到現在一直進行的動作,而且以后也可能繼續下去,故用現在完成進行時。
2.served 此處表示過去的動作,故用過去式。
3.have been flying 根據后面的時間狀語ever since可知此處表示從過去一直持續到現在的動作,根據首句可知,“我”現在仍是一名飛行員。故用現在完成進行時。
4.retire have to do sth.“不得不做某事”為固定句式。
5.became 根據上下文可知“我”對“飛行”感興趣是過去的動作。故用過去式became。
6.goes 此處指現在的動作,“對航空的興趣要追溯到童年”。
7.watched 此處指童年時期的動作,故用過去式。
8.have been living 根據時間狀語“For the past few years”可知,此處表示從過去持續到現在的動作,故用現在完成進行時。
9.do 此處為固定句式would rather do sth.“寧愿做某事”。
10.presents 根據下文的“fits”可知此處表示現在的動作。故用一般現在時。
語法專題六 動詞的時態和語態
對應演練
遷移運用
.用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空
1.(2024·課標全國改編)It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.?
2.(2024·課標全國改編)This cycle (go) day after day.?
3.(2024·湖南改編)He must have sensed that I (look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”?
4.(2024·福建改編)—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.?
5.(2024·天津改編)Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.?
6.(2024·天津改編)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.?
7.(2024·四川改編)More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.?
8.(2024·安徽江南十校聯考改編)About China,the most frequently used word by people is “exciting”,since the country (change)every day.?
9.(2024·山西四校聯考改編)That meant she was surrounded by either teachers who were busy teaching or students who (devote) to their studies.?
10.(2024·安徽江淮十校聯考改編)—How long do you suppose it (be) before the African can keep Ebola under control??
—As soon as possible.
11.(2024·重慶巴蜀中學模擬改編)The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an,one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China,(date) back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty.?
12.(2024·湖南衡陽五校聯考改編)—You seem to be familiar with this city.
—I (live)here for four years.It’s great to be back.?
13.(2024·江蘇揚州中學質檢改編)As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot,I was sure I (pass).?
14.(2024·廣州一模改編)While still a beginner,he felt he should be given the freedom to do what he wished on stage and often (ignore) his directors’ instructions.?
15.(2024·云南部分名校1月統考改編)It is true that the Internet (change) the way we work and communicate.?
16.(2024·甘肅部分普通高中聯考改編)The new discovery (make)by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) last year.?
17.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)In the traditional Chinese calendar,each year (give) a name of 12 kinds of animal.?
18.(2024·山東改編)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we (expect).?
19.(2024·山東改編)They made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.?
20.(2024·陜西改編)During his stay in Xi’an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends (recommend).?
21.(2024·湖南改編)Since the time humankind started gardening,we (try) to make our environment more beautiful.?
22.(2024·安徽改編)The twins,who (finish) their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.?
23.(2024·重慶改編)You’d better write down her phone number before you (forget) it.?
24.(2024·江西改編)—Tony,why are your eyes red?
—I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.?
25.(2024·浙江改編)Sofia looked around at all the faces:she had the impression that she (see) most of the guests before.?
.完成句子
1.她現在正在手術室接受手術。
She in the operating room now.?
2.我到門口時,他們正在看電視。
They TV when I came to the door.?
3.到上周末為止,我們已經學了100篇短文了。
We 100 passages by the end of last weekend.?
4.明年的這個時候,我們肯定坐在大學的教室里了。
By this time next year,we in a classroom in university.?
5.這間辦公室禁止吸煙。
Smoking in this office.?
6.剛才我們給小女孩5分鐘時間決定是否做這件事。
The little girl five minutes to decide whether to do it or not just now.?
7.如果不制止城市噪音的持續上升,人們20年后甚至在同一張飯桌上都要提高嗓門說話才能聽見。
If city noises from increasing,people will have to shout to be heard even at the same dinner table in 20 years.?
8.這工作一定是他昨天做的。
This work by him yesterday.?
9.要湊齊這套郵票,我還需要一張。
I need one more stamp before my collection of this kind .?
10.這種材料摸起來很柔軟。
This material very soft.?
.閱讀下面短文,用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空
My name is Robert Arthur.I work as a pilot for a major commercial airline.I 1.(work) as a pilot for over 30 years.After college I went into the U.S.Air Force,where I 2.(serve) for ten years.After I left the Air Force,I got a job with a major commercial airline and 3.(fly) commercially ever since.Lately I have been thinking about retirement because pilots have to 4.(retire) at the age of 60.?
People have often asked me how I 5.(become) interested in flying.Like most pilots,my interest in aviation(航空) 6. (go) back to my childhood,when I 7. (watch) birds and airplanes fly through the sky.?
My job has taken me away from my home and my family much of the time.I’ve lived in many locations.For the past few years,however,I 8. (live) in Pittsburgh.To be a pilot,I have had to make many sacrifices.But there is nothing else I’d rather 9. (do).For me,flying 10. (present) an understanding of how one fits in with the rest of the world.
##
語法專題六 動詞的時態和語態
對應演練·遷移運用
.1.arrived 根據前面的“was raining”可知,此句應用一般過去時。
2.goes 本句講述的是事實,故應用一般現在時;又因為主語this cycle為第三人稱單數,故用goes。
3.was looking 句意:他肯定已經意識到我正在看著他。他突然看了我一眼,悄悄地說:“你為什么那樣盯著我?”。根據后句可知是“正在看著”,所以應用過去進行時。
4.has been writing 句意:——彼得在哪里?我到處找不到他。——早飯后他去圖書館了,之后一直在那里寫論文。根據時間狀語ever since可知,此處用現在完成進行時表示動作從過去持續到現在,接下來可能繼續進行。
5.will be teaching 句意:簡不能參加今天下午三點的會議了,因為那個時候她將正在上課。根據句意可知,“今天下午三點”是一個將來的時間;表示將來某一時刻正在做某事,應該用將來進行時。故填will be teaching。
6.has been reached 句意:盡管之前有好幾輪的會談,但是迄今為止雙方仍然沒有達成協議。根據時間狀語so far可知,空格處用現在完成時,agreement與reach之間為被動關系。故填has been reached。
7.will be built 根據時間狀語soon可以判斷,句子應用將來時;高速公路和建造之間是動賓關系,所以用被動形式。故填will be built。句意:為了促進當地經濟,四川不久將建造更多的高速公路。
8.is changing 句意:關于中國,人們使用最多的詞就是“激動人心”,因為這個國家每天都在變化。根據句中時間狀語every day可知此處表示變化一直都在進行,沒有停下,所以用現在進行時。
9.were devoted 固定搭配be devoted to...“致力于……”;句中的or后是一個定語從句,因為先行詞是students,再由前一個定語從句的時態是一般過去時可知,此處填were devoted。
10.will be 句意:——你認為還用多長時間非洲能夠控制住埃博拉?——盡可能快。題干中before引導的是時間狀語從句,從句用一般現在時,主句用一般將來時。根據句型:It will be+時間段+before+從句“要過多久才……”。故用will be。
11.dates 題干中的one of短語是主語的同位語,題干中缺少謂語動詞,date back“追溯”,沒有被動語態。指從現在追溯到唐朝,故用一般現在時。
12.lived 句意:——你看起來對這個城市很熟。——我在這里生活了四年,回來真好。結合語境可知,這里只是描述的是過去的事情,故用動詞的過去式。
13.had passed 句意:只要我的駕駛教練告訴我駛進停車場,我相信我就通過了。pass“通過(考試等)”,根據題干中的was sure可知,此處表示發生在此之前的動作,故判斷應該用過去完成時。
14.ignored ignore與前文的felt是并列的謂語動詞,它們應在人稱、數、時態上保持一致。故填ignored。
15.has changed 句意:因特網已經改變了我們工作和交流的方式。根據主句時態及常識可知從句應用現在完成時態,且the Internet為第三人稱單數形式,故用has changed。
16.was made 新發現是一個由幾個科學家組成的團隊做出的,動作發生在過去;the discovery和make之間是動賓關系,且是謂語,故用was made。
17.is given 句意:在中國傳統的農歷年中,每年都被給予了12種動物中的一種動物名稱。根據題干中的主語應是give的動作承受者,且題干說明的是客觀事實,應用一般現在時。
18.had expected 句意:手寫出所有的這些請帖比我們原先預料的更費時。根據前面的was可以看出,此處表示過去的動作,且expect發生在“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。
19.would buy 句意:他們決定一旦拉里換了工作,他們就買一所新房子。根據句意可知buy這個動作應在made up their mind之后,故應用過去將來時。
20.had recommended 定語從句中的謂語動作“推薦”發生在主句謂語動作“品嘗”之前,也就是“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。
21.have been trying 句意:自從人類開始園藝勞動以來,我們一直在設法使我們的環境變得更加美麗。根據時間狀語Since the time humankind started gardening可知,主句的謂語動詞用現在完成進行時,表示動作從過去持續到現在并且可能還將繼續持續下去。
22.had finished “完成作業”發生在“被允許打羽毛球”之前,表示“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。句意:已經完成了作業的這對雙胞胎被允許在操場上打羽毛球。
23.forget 句意:你趁著還沒忘,最好把她的電話號碼記下來。此處是before引導的時間狀語從句,用一般現在時表將來。
24.have been cutting 句意:——托尼,你的眼睛怎么是紅的?——最近五分鐘我一直在切辣椒。根據for the last five minutes及語境可知用現在完成進行時。
25.had seen “她以前已經見過絕大多數客人”是在“有這樣的印象”之前,即“過去的過去”,所以用過去完成時。句意:索菲婭環顧四周看了一下所有的面孔,她有這樣的印象:她以前見過絕大多數客人。
.1.is being operated on 2.were watching
3.had learned 4.shall/will be sitting 5.is forbidden/banned 6.was given 7.are not kept 8.must have been done 9.is completed
10.feels
.1.have been working 根據后面的for over 30 years可知此處表示從過去到現在一直進行的動作,而且以后也可能繼續下去,故用現在完成進行時。
2.served 此處表示過去的動作,故用過去式。
3.have been flying 根據后面的時間狀語ever since可知此處表示從過去一直持續到現在的動作,根據首句可知,“我”現在仍是一名飛行員。故用現在完成進行時。
4.retire have to do sth.“不得不做某事”為固定句式。
5.became 根據上下文可知“我”對“飛行”感興趣是過去的動作。故用過去式became。
6.goes 此處指現在的動作,“對航空的興趣要追溯到童年”。
7.watched 此處指童年時期的動作,故用過去式。
8.have been living 根據時間狀語“For the past few years”可知,此處表示從過去持續到現在的動作,故用現在完成進行時。
9.do 此處為固定句式would rather do sth.“寧愿做某事”。
10.presents 根據下文的“fits”可知此處表示現在的動作。故用一般現在時。
