習近平接受《華爾街日報》書面采訪（雙語全文）
Ahead of his first official state visit to the U.S., Chinese President Xi Jinping provided written answers to questions submitted by The Wall Street Journal. Here is the full transcript:
中國國家主席習近平在啟程對美國進行官方國事訪問前接受了《華爾街日報》的書面采訪，這是習近平就任國家主席以來首次對美進行國事訪問。以下是書面采訪全文：
1. Under your leadership, China has been active in promoting new economic and security arrangements. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, in particular, has been a notable achievement. Is China trying to rearrange the architecture of global governance, away from the U.S. and toward China?
《華爾街日報》：在您的領導下，中國在推動新的經濟和安全安排方面表現得十分活躍，尤其是亞洲基礎設施投資銀行更是取得明顯進展。中國是否正在有意將此前以美國為主的全球治理結構加以調整使其更向中國傾斜?
XI: The global governance system is built and shared by the world, not monopolized by a single country. China certainly has no intention to do so. China is involved in building the current international system, and has always done its part to uphold the international order and system with the U.N. as its core and the purposes and principles of the U.N. charter as its foundation.
習近平：全球治理體系是由全球共建共享的，不可能由哪一個國家獨自掌握。中國沒有這種想法，也不會這樣做。中國是現行國際體系的參與者、建設者、貢獻者，一直維護以聯合國為核心、以聯合國憲章宗旨和原則為基礎的國際秩序和國際體系。
Many visionary people hold that as the global landscape evolves and major transnational and global challenges facing mankind increase, it is necessary to adjust and reform the global governance system and mechanism. Such reform is not about dismantling the existing system and creating a new one to replace it. Rather, it aims to improve the global governance system in an innovative way. We in China have a saying, “When all means are exhausted, changes are necessary; once changes are made, things will improve. Whether for a country or the entire world, adaptation to keep pace with the times is necessary in order to maintain its vigor. To build a more equitable, just and effective architecture of global governance meets the common aspiration of all countries. China and the U.S. share broad interests in this respect and should work together to improve the global governance system. This will not only leverage our respective strengths to enhance cooperation, but also enable our two countries to jointly respond to major challenges facing mankind.
世界上很多有識之士都認為，隨著世界不斷發展變化，隨著人類面臨的重大跨國性和全球性挑戰日益增多，有必要對全球治理體制機制進行相應的調整改革。這種改革并不是推倒重來，也不是另起爐灶，而是創新完善。“窮則變，變則通。無論是一個國家，還是世界，都需要與時俱進，這樣才能保持活力。推動全球治理體系朝著更加公正合理有效的方向發展，符合世界各國的普遍需求。中美在全球治理領域有著廣泛共同利益，應該共同推動完善全球治理體系。這不僅有利于雙方發揮各自優勢、加強合作，也有利于雙方合作推動解決人類面臨的重大挑戰。
China owes much of its progress in development over the past decades to international cooperation; we thus feel duty-bound to make greater contribution to international development endeavors. Many other developing countries have also expressed similar strong wishes to China. The Asian Infrastructure Development Bank (AIIB) is established mainly as a response to the need of Asian countries for infrastructure development and their aspirations for further cooperation. According to the projection of the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, from 2010 to 2023, the annual shortfall in funding for Asian infrastructural development is around US$800 billion. The AIIB serves as a new option to meet this shortfall, and it is therefore welcomed by both Asian countries and the wider international community. But as the funding shortage is huge, it is clear that the AIIB alone cannot possibly meet such demand. As an open and inclusive multilateral development agency, the AIIB will complement other multilateral development banks. In addition to Asian countries, countries outside Asia such as Germany, France and the U.K. have also joined the AIIB. China welcomes the U.S. to join the AIIB. This has been our position from the very outset.
中國幾十年的發展很大程度上得益于國際合作。因此，我們應該為國際發展事業作出貢獻，很多發展中國家朋友對中國提出了這方面的強烈愿望。建立亞投行，主要是為滿足亞洲地區基礎設施建設的需求以及亞洲各國在深化合作方面的愿望。據世行、亞開行測算，2010年到2023年，亞洲地區每年基礎設施建設資金缺口達8000億美元。亞投行可以為這種需求多提供一種資金投入選擇，因而受到亞洲國家和國際社會歡迎。面對這么大的需求，亞投行只是一個渠道，不可能包打天下。亞投行是一個開放和包容的多邊開發機構，將同現有多邊開發銀行相互補充。除了域內國家，德國、法國、英國等國家也都加入了亞投行。中方歡迎美國參與亞投行，從一開始我們就是這個態度。
I don't believe any country is capable of rearranging the architecture of global governance toward itself. Obviously, such practice goes against the trend of the times. The improvement of global governance architecture should be decided by all countries. As the U.N. summit commemorating the 70th anniversary draws nearer, China stands ready to work with all the other U.N. member states to build a new type of international relationship featuring win-win cooperation, improve the architecture of global governance, and build a community of shared future for mankind.
我不認為世界上哪個國家可以使全球治理結構向自己傾斜，也不認為這樣做是符合時代潮流的。全球治理結構如何完善，應該由各國共同來決定。聯合國馬上就要舉行成立70周年系列峰會。中國愿同廣大成員國一道，推動建設以合作共贏為核心的新型國際關系，完善全球治理結構，共同構建人類命運共同體。
2. China is playing an increasingly assertive role in regions around the world, from the Middle East to Africa and the Korean peninsula. Where do China's interests align or differ from theU.S.? What's China's view of the recent nuclear deal on Iran? How worried are you about North Korea's nuclear ambitions?
《華爾街日報》：中國在處理地區和國際事務方面越來越自信，從中東到非洲到朝鮮半島都是如此。中美在哪些領域利益一致，在哪些領域又存在分歧?中方如何看待最近達成的伊朗核協議?您是否擔心朝鮮的核野心?
XI:China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace and is committed to world peace and common development. In today's world, it is impossible for China to develop on its own; only when the world thrives can China prosper. China has never been absent in efforts to promote world economic recovery, seek political settlement of international and regional hotspots and respond to various global problems and challenges. This is what the international community expects of China, and to do so is China's responsibility.
習近平：中國奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，愿意為維護世界和平、促進共同發展作出努力。當今世界，中國不可能獨善其身，只有世界好，中國才能好。在推動世界經濟復蘇、政治解決國際和地區熱點、應對各種全球性問題和挑戰等方面，中國都沒有缺席。這是國際社會的希望，也是中國的責任。
Both being permanent members of the U.N. Security Council, China and the U.S. shoulder important responsibility of upholding regional and world peace and security, and our interests converge in a broad range of areas. China wishes to join hands with the U.S. to tackle major regional and global issues. As a matter of fact, we have done a great deal together in this area and will continue to do so. For example, China and the U.S. have been engaged in close coordination and cooperation in addressing various regional and international issues as well as global challenges, ranging from the Korean nuclear issue and the Iranian nuclear issue to Palestine-Israel peace talks, South Sudan, climate change and major epidemic diseases. Admittedly, there are differences in our respective thinking on and approach to some issues. However, differences are the reason why we should complement each other and find best solutions to issues.
中美兩國都是聯合國安理會常任理事國，肩負著維護世界和地區和平與安全的重要責任，存在廣泛共同利益。中方愿同美方攜手應對重大全球和地區性問題，己經做了很多事，還將繼續做下去。中美在應對朝核、伊朗核、巴以和談、南蘇丹、氣候變化、重大傳染性疾病等一系列國際和地區問題及全球性挑戰方面開展了密切協調和合作。當然，中美在處理一些問題時思路和方法并不完全一致，有不同才能相互補益，找到問題的最佳解決方案。
In addressing regional and international issues, China adheres to the principles of equality, fairness and justice and calls for seeking political settlement of relevant issues through peaceful negotiation. In addressing these issues, China bases its position and policy on the merit of each particular case and endeavors to uphold justice. China opposes arbitrary interference in other countries' internal affairs and stands for resolving issues through consultation. No matter how difficult and complex the challenges are, the international community should meet them with confidence and strive to resolve them through peaceful means.
在處理國際和地區事務時，中國堅持平等、公平、正義，倡導以和為貴，主張通過和平談判政治解決有關問題。處理國際和地區事務，應該根據事情本身的是非曲直決定立場和政策，說公道話，辦公道事。我們不贊成強行干涉別國內政，認為很多事情應該商量著辦。不管遇到多么大的困難、多么復雜的情況，國際社會都應該堅定信心，持之以恒堅持和平努力。
The political settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue represents a major achievement of the international community, and China and the U.S. worked hard to make this possible. It shows that our approaches have worked well. Going forward, China will work with all parties involved to ensure the deal is fully implemented.
伊朗核問題政治解決取得重大成果，中美為此進行了共同努力。這說明我們的主張和方法是有效的。中方將同各方一道，推動全面協議得到有效落實。
China's position for denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula is firm and clear-cut. At the same time, we believe that the denuclearization, peace and stability of the Korean Peninsula should be achieved through peaceful means. The current situation of the Korean Peninsula is intricate and sensitive. China will maintain close communication and coordination with the U.S. and relevant parties to properly address issues relating to the Korean Peninsula and ensure long-term stability ofNortheast Asia.
中方堅持朝鮮半島無核化的立場是堅定的、明確的，同時我們認為應該通過和平手段實現半島無核化、維護半島和平穩定。當前，半島局勢復雜敏感。中方愿同美方及相關各方繼續就妥善處理半島事務、實現東北亞地區長治久安等問題保持密切溝通和協調。
3. One of the first slogans you raised upon taking office was the “China Dream. It proved popular at home and has the ring of the “American dream. In speeches you've given, you've said the “China Dream is about building a strong nation and strong military. What do you see as the similarities and differences between the “China Dream and the “American dream?
《華爾街日報》：中國夢是您就職后最早提出的概念之一，這個提法現在在中國很流行，同時也讓人想起我們在美國常會提到的美國夢。您曾經說過，中國夢是強國夢也是強軍夢。您覺得中國夢和美國夢有哪些相似的地方?又有哪些不同的地方?
XI: The Chinese dream is fundamentally about making life better for the Chinese people, and I think one should approach this concept from two angles: history and reality. Starting from the Opium War in 1840, the Chinese nation went through a century of social turbulence, foreign aggression and the sufferings of war. Yet throughout all this trying time, our people stood on their feet and struggled tenaciously for a better future. They never gave up the longing for their cherished dream. To understand today's China, one needs to fully appreciate the Chinese nation's deep suffering since modern times and the profound impact of such suffering on the Chinese minds. That is why we regard the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its greatest dream since modern times. The Chinese dream is as much the dream of every Chinese as it is the dream of the whole nation. It is not an illusion, nor is it an empty slogan. The Chinese dream is deeply rooted in the hearts of the Chinese people.
習近平：中國夢最根本的是實現中國人民的美好生活。關于這個問題，需要從歷史和現實兩個向度來認識。1840年鴉片戰爭之后，中華民族經歷了長達一個世紀的社會動蕩、外族侵略、戰爭磨難，但中國人民始終自強不息、頑強斗爭，從未放棄對美好夢想的向往和追求。看待當今中國，一定要深刻認識中國近代以后所遭受的民族苦難，一定要深刻認識這種長期的民族苦難給中國人民精神世界帶來的深刻影響。所以我們說，實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢是近代以來中華民族最偉大的夢想。中國夢是中華民族的夢，也是每個中國人的夢。中國夢不是鏡中花、水中月，不是空洞的口號，其最深沉的根基在中國人民心中。
Every country and every nation has its own dream, and dream brings hope. During my last visit to the United States, my old friends in Muscatine, Iowa, talked to me about their dream. I have the impression that the Americans and people in all other countries share the same dream about the future: world peace, social security and stability, and a decent life. Naturally, owing to differences in history, culture and stage of development, China, the United States and other countries may not have the exact same dream, and they pursue their dreams in different ways. But all roads lead toRome. The dreams of various peoples, however different in meaning, are sources of inspiration for them, and all these dreams create important opportunities for China and the United States, as well as other countries to engage in cooperation.
每個國家、每個民族都有自己的夢想。有夢想才有希望。上次訪美時，我在艾奧瓦州馬斯卡廷的老朋友們也向我提起他們的夢想。我深深感到，各國人民包括美國人民都對未來有著共同夢想：世界和平，社會安寧，生活富足。當然，由于歷史文化、發展階段的不同，中國夢、美國夢以及其他國家人民的夢想內涵不盡相同，實現的具體途徑和方式也可能不完全一樣。條條大路通羅馬。各國人民對夢想的追求，不論有什么異同，都是激勵他們頑強奮斗的強大動力，也為中美合作和各國合作提供了重要機遇。
4. Relations between the two countries are strained by many issues - from China's island-building in the South China Sea to allegations of cyber-spying and complaints by American businesses of unfair regulations. Some in the U.S. are even calling for a new containment policy against China. How do you answer these critics? What's the glue that holds U.S.-China relations together and how can it be made stronger?
《華爾街日報》：中美兩國間的關系近年來受到諸多問題的困擾，如南海島礁建設、網絡間諜、美國跨國公司認為在華業務受到不平等待遇等問題。在美國國內一些人甚至提出要對中國采取新的遏制政策。您如何回應這些涉及中國的批評意見?您認為維系中美關系的重要因素是什么?如何能使得兩國之間的紐帶更加緊密?
XI:In approaching China-U.S. relations, one should see the larger picture and not just focus on differences, just as a Chinese saying tells us, “When important things are addressed first, secondary issues will not be difficult to settle. Together, China and the United States account for one-third of the world economy, one-fourth of the global population, and one-fifth of global trade. If two big countries like ours do not cooperate with each other, just imagine what will happen to the world. Both history and reality show that China and the United States stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. When President Obama and I met at the Annenberg Estate, California, in the summer of 2023, we made the strategic decision of jointly building a new model of major-country relationship between China and the United States featuring nonconflict or confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation. In the past two years and more since then, guided by this agreement, our exchanges and cooperation across the board have kept deepening and been upgraded. We maintain close and effective dialogue and cooperation on almost all major international and regional issues and global challenges. Facts have shown that the interests ofChina and the U.S. have grown increasingly intertwined. The growth of the China-U.S. relationship has not only benefited our two peoples, it has also enhanced peace, stability and development in the Asia-Pacific and beyond.
習近平：看待中美關系，要看大局，不能只盯著兩國之間的分歧，正所謂“得其大者可以兼其小。中美兩國經濟總量占世界三分之一、人口占世界四分之一、貿易總量占世界五分之一。這兩個“大塊頭不合作，世界會怎樣?歷史和現實都表明，中美兩國合則兩利、斗則俱傷。2023 年夏天，我同奧巴馬總統在加利福尼亞州安納伯格莊園舉行會晤，作出共同構建中美新型大國關系的戰略抉擇，其核心內容就是不沖突、不對抗、相互尊重、合作共贏。兩年多來，圍繞這一共識，兩國各領域交流合作日益深化，水平不斷提升，雙方就幾乎所有重大國際和地區問題及全球性挑戰保持著密切有效的溝通和協調。事實證明，中美兩國利益己日趨緊密地聯系在一起，兩國關系發展不僅造福兩國人民，也有力促進了亞太地區和世界和平、穩定、發展。
Naturally, we have some differences, even family members don't always see eye to eye with each other. Our two countries should understand and respect each other, expand common ground and properly handle differences, and respect and accommodate each other's core interests and major concerns. On issues that can be resolved, the two sides should make joint efforts to seek a solution; as to those issues that cannot be resolved for the time being, we should manage them in a constructive way, make sure that they are not exacerbated or escalated, and prevent them from derailing the overall relationship of the two countries and cooperation that has served our two peoples so well.
