魔法英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法手冊(cè)第三章冠詞四、零冠詞
在英語(yǔ)中,許多情況下名詞前不用冠詞。?
①在專有名詞前不用冠詞。例如:?
China 中國(guó) John 約翰 Australia 澳大利亞?
No.1.Middle School 第一中學(xué)?National Day國(guó)慶節(jié)?
②在名詞前已有作定語(yǔ)用的指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格時(shí),不用冠詞。例如:?
The radio is on her desk. 收音機(jī)在她書桌上。?
Are there any birds in that tree??那棵樹上有鳥兒?jiǎn)??
Some young pioneers are working on the farm.?一些少先隊(duì)員正在農(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)。?
③復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí),名詞前不用冠詞。例如:?
My uncle and aunt are both doctors.?我的叔叔和嬸嬸都是醫(yī)生。?
My mother likes cakes. 我媽媽喜歡吃蛋糕。?
Horses are useful animals. 馬是有用的動(dòng)物。?
④在稱呼語(yǔ)或表示頭銜的名詞前不加冠詞。例如:?
Uncle Wang 王叔叔 Mr Green 格林先生?Miss Li 李小姐 Chairman Hu 胡主席?
Dr Smith史密斯博士 Professor Chen 陳教授?
⑤在季節(jié)、月份、星期的名稱前不用冠詞。例如:?
Its very hot in summer. 夏季天氣很熱。?
This kind of flowers comes out in February.?這種花在二月份開(kāi)放。?
We usually have class meetings on Wednesday.?我們通常在周三開(kāi)班會(huì)。?
⑥在一日三餐、學(xué)科、球類、棋牌類名詞前不用冠詞。例如:?
We have Chinese, maths, English, and other subjects at school.
我們?cè)趯W(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語(yǔ)和其他課程。?
I have lunch at a quarter to twelve every day.?我每天11:45吃午飯。?
Children love to play football. 孩子們熱愛(ài)踢足球。?
⑦在表示交通方式的介詞短語(yǔ)中,不用冠詞。例如:?
Do you usually come to Guangzhou by plane or by train? 你通常是乘飛機(jī)還是乘火車來(lái)廣州??
We are going to the zoo on foot tomorrow.?我們打算明天步行去動(dòng)物園。?
How do you like going there by bike??你覺(jué)得騎自行車去那兒怎樣??
⑧當(dāng)抽象名詞或物質(zhì)名詞來(lái)表示一般概念時(shí)不用冠詞。例如:?
The girl enjoys music very much.?這個(gè)小姑娘非常熱愛(ài)音樂(lè)。?
Please put sugar into it. 請(qǐng)往里面加糖。?
Milk is necessary for children.?牛奶是兒童所必需的。?
⑨兩個(gè)相同及相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí),也不用冠詞。例如:?
father and son 父與子 hand in hand 手拉手?
day and night 日夜 face to face 面對(duì)面?
sun and moon 日月 side and side 肩并肩?
⑩用于某些搭配中。例如:?
go to work 去上班 go to school 去上學(xué)?on time 按時(shí);準(zhǔn)時(shí)at home 在家?
go to college上大學(xué)?go to church去教堂(做禮拜)?by bike 騎自行車
on foot 步行?in bed 在睡覺(jué) in front of 在前面?at table 進(jìn)餐
in future 今后?on earth 究竟 in hospital 住院?
五、 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中使用冠詞和不使用冠詞的差異與辨析
① in front of 在的前面(外部)?
in the front of在的前面(內(nèi)部) ?
{ Dont put the chair in front of me.?別把椅子放在我的前面。?
Lin Tao sits in the front of his classroom.?林濤坐在教室的前面。?
② at table 在進(jìn)餐?
at the table 在餐桌旁 ?
{ Look!The Whites are at table.?看!懷特一家人正在吃飯。?
They usually have a rest at the table after meals.?飯后他們?cè)谧雷优赃呅菹⒁粫?huì)兒。
③ go to school 去上學(xué)?
go to the school 去學(xué)校 ?
{ The boy doesnt like to go to school in his fathers car.
?那個(gè)男孩不喜歡乘他父親的小汽車去上學(xué)。?
He hurried off to go to the school.?他匆匆忙忙離開(kāi)去那個(gè)學(xué)校了。?
④ in hospital 住院?
in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里 ?
{ Its said that his father has been ill in hospital for? several months.
據(jù)說(shuō)他的父親已生病住院好幾個(gè)月。?
My parents both work in the hospital.?我父母雙方都在醫(yī)院里工作。?
⑤ in future (從今以后的)將來(lái)?
in the future (較為遙遠(yuǎn)的)將來(lái) ?
{ You should be careful with your pronunciation.?從今以后你應(yīng)該注意發(fā)音。?
Well go to the moon by spaceship in the future.? 我們將來(lái)將乘宇宙飛船去月球。 ?
⑥ next week 下一周?
the next week 第二周(過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間之后) ?
{ A famous doctor will give us a talk next week.?
下周一位著名的醫(yī)生將給我們做報(bào)告。?
The singer left Yunnan the next week.?第二周那個(gè)歌手離開(kāi)了云南。 ?
⑦ on earth 究竟?
on the earth 在地球上 ?
{ What on earth are you looking for??你究竟在找什么??
Elephants are the biggest animals on the earth.?大象是世界上最大的動(dòng)物。 ?
⑧ in bed 在睡覺(jué)?
in the bed 在床上 ?
{ Its 12.oclock at night now. And my father has been in bed.
現(xiàn)在是晚上十二點(diǎn)鐘。我父親已經(jīng)睡覺(jué)了。?
We are playing cards in the bed now.?我們現(xiàn)在正在床上玩牌。 ?
⑨ go to church 去做禮拜?
go to the church 去教堂 ?
{ The old lady goes to church every week.?這位老太太每周都去做禮拜。?
The thief went to the church to steal oil.?這個(gè)小偷曾去教堂偷過(guò)油。 ?
⑩ take place 發(fā)生?
take the place of 代替 ?
{ What took place last night? 昨晚發(fā)生了什么事??
Who will take the place of yours? 誰(shuí)會(huì)來(lái)代替你? ?
注意. 在一些短語(yǔ)中,有無(wú)冠詞并無(wú)區(qū)別。 例如:?
at least至少?at most至多?
turn to right向右拐?in face of面對(duì)?
on one handon the other hand一方面另一方面
在英語(yǔ)中,許多情況下名詞前不用冠詞。?
①在專有名詞前不用冠詞。例如:?
China 中國(guó) John 約翰 Australia 澳大利亞?
No.1.Middle School 第一中學(xué)?National Day國(guó)慶節(jié)?
②在名詞前已有作定語(yǔ)用的指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格時(shí),不用冠詞。例如:?
The radio is on her desk. 收音機(jī)在她書桌上。?
Are there any birds in that tree??那棵樹上有鳥兒?jiǎn)??
Some young pioneers are working on the farm.?一些少先隊(duì)員正在農(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)。?
③復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí),名詞前不用冠詞。例如:?
My uncle and aunt are both doctors.?我的叔叔和嬸嬸都是醫(yī)生。?
My mother likes cakes. 我媽媽喜歡吃蛋糕。?
Horses are useful animals. 馬是有用的動(dòng)物。?
④在稱呼語(yǔ)或表示頭銜的名詞前不加冠詞。例如:?
Uncle Wang 王叔叔 Mr Green 格林先生?Miss Li 李小姐 Chairman Hu 胡主席?
Dr Smith史密斯博士 Professor Chen 陳教授?
⑤在季節(jié)、月份、星期的名稱前不用冠詞。例如:?
Its very hot in summer. 夏季天氣很熱。?
This kind of flowers comes out in February.?這種花在二月份開(kāi)放。?
We usually have class meetings on Wednesday.?我們通常在周三開(kāi)班會(huì)。?
⑥在一日三餐、學(xué)科、球類、棋牌類名詞前不用冠詞。例如:?
We have Chinese, maths, English, and other subjects at school.
我們?cè)趯W(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語(yǔ)和其他課程。?
I have lunch at a quarter to twelve every day.?我每天11:45吃午飯。?
Children love to play football. 孩子們熱愛(ài)踢足球。?
⑦在表示交通方式的介詞短語(yǔ)中,不用冠詞。例如:?
Do you usually come to Guangzhou by plane or by train? 你通常是乘飛機(jī)還是乘火車來(lái)廣州??
We are going to the zoo on foot tomorrow.?我們打算明天步行去動(dòng)物園。?
How do you like going there by bike??你覺(jué)得騎自行車去那兒怎樣??
⑧當(dāng)抽象名詞或物質(zhì)名詞來(lái)表示一般概念時(shí)不用冠詞。例如:?
The girl enjoys music very much.?這個(gè)小姑娘非常熱愛(ài)音樂(lè)。?
Please put sugar into it. 請(qǐng)往里面加糖。?
Milk is necessary for children.?牛奶是兒童所必需的。?
⑨兩個(gè)相同及相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí),也不用冠詞。例如:?
father and son 父與子 hand in hand 手拉手?
day and night 日夜 face to face 面對(duì)面?
sun and moon 日月 side and side 肩并肩?
⑩用于某些搭配中。例如:?
go to work 去上班 go to school 去上學(xué)?on time 按時(shí);準(zhǔn)時(shí)at home 在家?
go to college上大學(xué)?go to church去教堂(做禮拜)?by bike 騎自行車
on foot 步行?in bed 在睡覺(jué) in front of 在前面?at table 進(jìn)餐
in future 今后?on earth 究竟 in hospital 住院?
五、 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中使用冠詞和不使用冠詞的差異與辨析
① in front of 在的前面(外部)?
in the front of在的前面(內(nèi)部) ?
{ Dont put the chair in front of me.?別把椅子放在我的前面。?
Lin Tao sits in the front of his classroom.?林濤坐在教室的前面。?
② at table 在進(jìn)餐?
at the table 在餐桌旁 ?
{ Look!The Whites are at table.?看!懷特一家人正在吃飯。?
They usually have a rest at the table after meals.?飯后他們?cè)谧雷优赃呅菹⒁粫?huì)兒。
③ go to school 去上學(xué)?
go to the school 去學(xué)校 ?
{ The boy doesnt like to go to school in his fathers car.
?那個(gè)男孩不喜歡乘他父親的小汽車去上學(xué)。?
He hurried off to go to the school.?他匆匆忙忙離開(kāi)去那個(gè)學(xué)校了。?
④ in hospital 住院?
in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里 ?
{ Its said that his father has been ill in hospital for? several months.
據(jù)說(shuō)他的父親已生病住院好幾個(gè)月。?
My parents both work in the hospital.?我父母雙方都在醫(yī)院里工作。?
⑤ in future (從今以后的)將來(lái)?
in the future (較為遙遠(yuǎn)的)將來(lái) ?
{ You should be careful with your pronunciation.?從今以后你應(yīng)該注意發(fā)音。?
Well go to the moon by spaceship in the future.? 我們將來(lái)將乘宇宙飛船去月球。 ?
⑥ next week 下一周?
the next week 第二周(過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間之后) ?
{ A famous doctor will give us a talk next week.?
下周一位著名的醫(yī)生將給我們做報(bào)告。?
The singer left Yunnan the next week.?第二周那個(gè)歌手離開(kāi)了云南。 ?
⑦ on earth 究竟?
on the earth 在地球上 ?
{ What on earth are you looking for??你究竟在找什么??
Elephants are the biggest animals on the earth.?大象是世界上最大的動(dòng)物。 ?
⑧ in bed 在睡覺(jué)?
in the bed 在床上 ?
{ Its 12.oclock at night now. And my father has been in bed.
現(xiàn)在是晚上十二點(diǎn)鐘。我父親已經(jīng)睡覺(jué)了。?
We are playing cards in the bed now.?我們現(xiàn)在正在床上玩牌。 ?
⑨ go to church 去做禮拜?
go to the church 去教堂 ?
{ The old lady goes to church every week.?這位老太太每周都去做禮拜。?
The thief went to the church to steal oil.?這個(gè)小偷曾去教堂偷過(guò)油。 ?
⑩ take place 發(fā)生?
take the place of 代替 ?
{ What took place last night? 昨晚發(fā)生了什么事??
Who will take the place of yours? 誰(shuí)會(huì)來(lái)代替你? ?
注意. 在一些短語(yǔ)中,有無(wú)冠詞并無(wú)區(qū)別。 例如:?
at least至少?at most至多?
turn to right向右拐?in face of面對(duì)?
on one handon the other hand一方面另一方面