牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:309 過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)有時(shí)保持不變
A 從理論上講，間接引語(yǔ)中一般過(guò)去時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但在口語(yǔ)中，如果不至于使人對(duì)于動(dòng)作發(fā)生的相對(duì)時(shí)間產(chǎn)生混淆，則常保持不變。
例如：He said，I loved her(他說(shuō)：我愛(ài)過(guò)她)必須變成He said he had loved her(他說(shuō)他愛(ài)過(guò)她)，否則句子的意思就會(huì)不一樣了。但He said，Ann arrived on Monday(他說(shuō)：安是星期一到的)可以轉(zhuǎn)述為He said Ann arrived/had arrived on Monday(他說(shuō)安是星期一到的/他說(shuō)安已于星期一到達(dá))。
B 從理論上講，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但實(shí)際上除非所指的是已完成的動(dòng)作，否則一般都不變：
She said，We were thinking of selling the house but we have decided not to.
她說(shuō)：我們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。相當(dāng)于：
She said that they had been thinking of selling the house but had decided not to.
她說(shuō)他們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。
但是：
He said，When I saw them they were playing tennis.
他說(shuō)：我看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when he saw them they were playing tennis.
他說(shuō)他看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。
C 英語(yǔ)書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，一般過(guò)去時(shí)在間接引語(yǔ)中固然常常變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但也有以下幾種例外情況：
1 時(shí)間從句中的一般過(guò)去時(shí)及過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常不需改變：
He said，When we were living /lived in Paris
他說(shuō)：我們住在巴黎的時(shí)候相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living in Paris
他說(shuō)他們住在巴黎的時(shí)候
這類間接引語(yǔ)的主句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~既可保持不變，也可以變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)：
He said，When we were living/lived in Paris we often saw Paul.
他說(shuō)：我們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living/lived in Paris they often saw/had of- ten seen Paul.
他說(shuō)他們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。
2 如一般過(guò)去時(shí)被用來(lái)敘述轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍繼續(xù)存在的情況，則在間接引語(yǔ)中保持不變：
She said，I decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road.
她說(shuō)：我決定不買(mǎi)這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀Ｏ喈?dāng)于：
She said that she had decided not to buy the house because it was on amain road.
她說(shuō)她決定不買(mǎi)這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀?/p>
A 從理論上講，間接引語(yǔ)中一般過(guò)去時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但在口語(yǔ)中，如果不至于使人對(duì)于動(dòng)作發(fā)生的相對(duì)時(shí)間產(chǎn)生混淆，則常保持不變。
例如：He said，I loved her(他說(shuō)：我愛(ài)過(guò)她)必須變成He said he had loved her(他說(shuō)他愛(ài)過(guò)她)，否則句子的意思就會(huì)不一樣了。但He said，Ann arrived on Monday(他說(shuō)：安是星期一到的)可以轉(zhuǎn)述為He said Ann arrived/had arrived on Monday(他說(shuō)安是星期一到的/他說(shuō)安已于星期一到達(dá))。
B 從理論上講，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但實(shí)際上除非所指的是已完成的動(dòng)作，否則一般都不變：
She said，We were thinking of selling the house but we have decided not to.
她說(shuō)：我們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。相當(dāng)于：
She said that they had been thinking of selling the house but had decided not to.
她說(shuō)他們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。
但是：
He said，When I saw them they were playing tennis.
他說(shuō)：我看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when he saw them they were playing tennis.
他說(shuō)他看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。
C 英語(yǔ)書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，一般過(guò)去時(shí)在間接引語(yǔ)中固然常常變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但也有以下幾種例外情況：
1 時(shí)間從句中的一般過(guò)去時(shí)及過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常不需改變：
He said，When we were living /lived in Paris
他說(shuō)：我們住在巴黎的時(shí)候相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living in Paris
他說(shuō)他們住在巴黎的時(shí)候
這類間接引語(yǔ)的主句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~既可保持不變，也可以變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)：
He said，When we were living/lived in Paris we often saw Paul.
他說(shuō)：我們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living/lived in Paris they often saw/had of- ten seen Paul.
他說(shuō)他們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。
2 如一般過(guò)去時(shí)被用來(lái)敘述轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍繼續(xù)存在的情況，則在間接引語(yǔ)中保持不變：
She said，I decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road.
她說(shuō)：我決定不買(mǎi)這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀Ｏ喈?dāng)于：
She said that she had decided not to buy the house because it was on amain road.
她說(shuō)她決定不買(mǎi)這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀?/p>
