[分詞]分詞作定語
不及物動詞的現在分詞作定語表達強調動作正在進行,過去分詞強調完成;及物動詞的現在分詞作定語強調主動,過去分詞強調被動。分詞的完成式一般不作定語。分詞作其他成分時,也是如此。分詞作定語,單個的分詞作定語一般前置;分詞詞組,個別分詞如given, left等,修飾不定代詞等的分詞,作定語需后置。例如:
We can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到東升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
There was a girl sitting there. 有個女孩坐在那里
This is the question given. 這是所給的問題
There is nothing interesting. 沒有有趣的東西
分詞作定語相當于定語從句,如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.
典型例題
1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 書與寫作是被動關系,應用過去分詞做定語表被動,相當于定語從句 which was written
2)Whats the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
答案B. 主語language與謂語動詞之間有被動的含義。spoken,在句中作定語,修飾主語language, spoken 與 language有被動關系。該句可以理解為:Whats the language (which is) spoken in German?
不及物動詞的現在分詞作定語表達強調動作正在進行,過去分詞強調完成;及物動詞的現在分詞作定語強調主動,過去分詞強調被動。分詞的完成式一般不作定語。分詞作其他成分時,也是如此。分詞作定語,單個的分詞作定語一般前置;分詞詞組,個別分詞如given, left等,修飾不定代詞等的分詞,作定語需后置。例如:
We can see the rising sun. 我們可以看到東升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
There was a girl sitting there. 有個女孩坐在那里
This is the question given. 這是所給的問題
There is nothing interesting. 沒有有趣的東西
分詞作定語相當于定語從句,如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.
典型例題
1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 書與寫作是被動關系,應用過去分詞做定語表被動,相當于定語從句 which was written
2)Whats the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
答案B. 主語language與謂語動詞之間有被動的含義。spoken,在句中作定語,修飾主語language, spoken 與 language有被動關系。該句可以理解為:Whats the language (which is) spoken in German?