聽力試題的命題規(guī)律與解題技巧2

　　3)計(jì)算題

　　計(jì)算題在四六級(jí)英語聽力中屬于比較難的題型，要求同學(xué)們不僅能分辨不同的時(shí)間、金錢等數(shù)量概念，還應(yīng)能將聽到的各個(gè)數(shù)量聯(lián)系起來進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算。如：

　　① M： Your son seems to have made much progress in playing the

　　piano. Does he attend any piano classes?

　　W： Yes，he takes lessons twice a week，but from next week on，he

　　will go to the class on Saturday evenings， too.

　　Q： How often will the womans son have piano lessons from next

　　week on?

　　A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.

　　C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.

　　兩次加一次自然是三次，答案是C.

　　② W： Professor Clark said that the mid-term exam would cover the

　　first 15 lessons.

　　M： Really?I thought it only included the first 12 lessons.Then

　　I must spend the weekend to go over the rest of the lessons.

　　Q： How many lessons must the man review over the weekend?

　　A. Five lessons. B. Three lessons.

　　C. Twelve lessons D. Fifteen lessons.

　　這是最簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算題，只要同學(xué)們不將答案誤認(rèn)為是C或D，就不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。

　　③ W：Heres a 10-dollar bill.Give me two tickets for tonights

　　show please.

　　M： Sure. Two tickets and here is $1，40 change.

　　Q： How much does one ticket cost?

　　A. $1.40. B. $4.30. C. $6.40. D. $8.60

　　10美元，兩張票，找零1.40美元，說明每張票為4.30美元。

　　從以上例子可以看出，含有數(shù)量概念的題，對(duì)話中提到的數(shù)量一般不可能為正確答案，總要同學(xué)們進(jìn)行一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減運(yùn)算。

　　4)言外之意、弦外之音

　　推測(cè)說話者話中之話是聽力中必考的題型。從試題的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)來看，大體有一下幾種：

　　(1)對(duì)虛擬語氣的考查

　　包含虛擬語氣的聽力考題中一般都有是不非相對(duì)的選項(xiàng)，這就要求同學(xué)們了解虛擬語氣的表意功能，根據(jù)虛擬語氣判斷正確選項(xiàng)。如：

　　① W：Im thinking of going to Austin for a visit.Do you think its

　　worth seeing?

　　M： Well， I wish I had been there.

　　Q： What do we learn from the conversation?

　　A. The man is planning a trip to Austin.

　　B. The man has not been to Austin before.

　　C. The man doesnt like Austin.

　　D. The man has been to Austin before.

　　I wish I had been there.說明說話人沒有去過。

　　② W：If it hadnt been snowing so hard，I might have been home by 9

　　oclock.

　　M：Its too bad you didnt make it.Jane was here and she wanted

　　to see you.

　　Q： What happened to the woman?

　　A. She got home before 9 oclock.

　　B. She had a bad cold.

　　C. She had a car accident.

　　D. She was delayed.

　　If it hadnt been snowing so hard， I might have been home by 9 oclock.說明因?yàn)檠┨螅f話者未能在9點(diǎn)前到家。也就是說she was delayed.

　　(2)對(duì)建議的考查

　　建議題要求同學(xué)們掌握建議的各種表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)建議選擇正確選項(xiàng)。如：

　　① W：The movie starts in 5 minutes and theres bound to be a long

　　time.

　　M：Why dont we come back for the next show?Im sure it would be

　　less crowded.

　　Q： What is the man suggesting?

　　A. Coming back for a later show.

　　B. Waiting in a queue.

　　C. Coming back in five minutes.

　　D. Not going to the movie today.

　　Why dont?上一種建議表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)該句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容可以判斷答案是A.

　　② W：We do need another bookshelf in this room.But the problem is

　　the space for it.

　　M： How about moving the old dining table to the kitchen?

　　Q： What does the man suggest they should do?

　　A. Finding a larger room. B. Sell the old table.

　　C. Buy two bookshelves. D. Rearrange some furniture.

　　根據(jù)moving the dining table to the kitchen來判斷答案為D.

　　建議的表達(dá)方式還有：

　　Why not ? What do you think of ?

　　If I were you/If I were in your shoes， I would

　　Shall we ? I suggest 。

　　Youd better/You ought to。

　　(3) 對(duì)話題的考查

　　話題指會(huì)話雙方所談?wù)摰脑掝}，要求同學(xué)們具有概括能力。如：

　　① W： Do you want a day course or an evening course?

　　M： Well， it would have to be an evening course since I work

　　during the day.

　　Q： What are they talking about?

　　A. The choice of courses. B. A day course.

　　C. An evening course. D. Their work.

　　兩個(gè)人談?wù)摰氖沁x白天的課還是晚上的課，由此可以判斷答案應(yīng)該是A.

　　② M：I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up

　　and left in the middle of the performance.

　　W：Well， some people just cant seem to appreciate the real-life

　　drama.

　　Q： What are they talking about?

　　A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech.

　　從對(duì)話中的audience， performance與其說 drama可以判斷他們所談?wù)摰氖莂 play.

　　(4)同義表達(dá)方式的考查

　　四六級(jí)聽力測(cè)試中對(duì)隱含意思的考查很大程度上依賴于同義表達(dá)方式，也就是同學(xué)們對(duì)具體句式、短語、詞組甚至單詞的理解。如：

　　①M(fèi)： What do you think of Professor Browns lecture?

　　W： The topic was interesting， but the lecture was much more

　　difficult to follow than I had expected.

　　Q： What does the woman say about the lecture?

　　A. It was a long lecture， but easy to understand.

　　B. It was not as easy as she had expected.

　　C. It was as difficult as she had expected.

　　D. It was interesting and easy to follow.

　　與much more difficult to follow than I had expected同義的應(yīng)該是B.

　　②M： Nancy， why were you late today?

　　W： I overslept and missed the bus.

　　Q： Why was Nancy late?

　　A. She got up later than usual. B. The bus was late.

　　C. She forgot she had class. D. Her clock was slow.

　　overslept也就是got up later than usual.

　　③M：Did you mind coming back by coach instead of by train?

　　W：No， we didnt mind at all. It took a lot longer， but it was

　　very comfortable and it was much cheaper.

　　Q：How did the woman feel about the coming back by coach?

　　A. She felt it was tiring. B. She felt it was very nice.

　　C. She felt it took less time.D. She thought it was expensive.

　　從comfortable和 much cheaper來看，女士的感覺應(yīng)該是very nice，答案應(yīng)該是B.

　　3)計(jì)算題

　　計(jì)算題在四六級(jí)英語聽力中屬于比較難的題型，要求同學(xué)們不僅能分辨不同的時(shí)間、金錢等數(shù)量概念，還應(yīng)能將聽到的各個(gè)數(shù)量聯(lián)系起來進(jìn)行加減運(yùn)算。如：

　　① M： Your son seems to have made much progress in playing the

　　piano. Does he attend any piano classes?

　　W： Yes，he takes lessons twice a week，but from next week on，he

　　will go to the class on Saturday evenings， too.

　　Q： How often will the womans son have piano lessons from next

　　week on?

　　A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.

　　C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.

　　兩次加一次自然是三次，答案是C.

　　② W： Professor Clark said that the mid-term exam would cover the

　　first 15 lessons.

　　M： Really?I thought it only included the first 12 lessons.Then

　　I must spend the weekend to go over the rest of the lessons.

　　Q： How many lessons must the man review over the weekend?

　　A. Five lessons. B. Three lessons.

　　C. Twelve lessons D. Fifteen lessons.

　　這是最簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算題，只要同學(xué)們不將答案誤認(rèn)為是C或D，就不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。

　　③ W：Heres a 10-dollar bill.Give me two tickets for tonights

　　show please.

　　M： Sure. Two tickets and here is $1，40 change.

　　Q： How much does one ticket cost?

　　A. $1.40. B. $4.30. C. $6.40. D. $8.60

　　10美元，兩張票，找零1.40美元，說明每張票為4.30美元。

　　從以上例子可以看出，含有數(shù)量概念的題，對(duì)話中提到的數(shù)量一般不可能為正確答案，總要同學(xué)們進(jìn)行一些簡(jiǎn)單的加減運(yùn)算。

　　4)言外之意、弦外之音

　　推測(cè)說話者話中之話是聽力中必考的題型。從試題的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)來看，大體有一下幾種：

　　(1)對(duì)虛擬語氣的考查

　　包含虛擬語氣的聽力考題中一般都有是不非相對(duì)的選項(xiàng)，這就要求同學(xué)們了解虛擬語氣的表意功能，根據(jù)虛擬語氣判斷正確選項(xiàng)。如：

　　① W：Im thinking of going to Austin for a visit.Do you think its

　　worth seeing?

　　M： Well， I wish I had been there.

　　Q： What do we learn from the conversation?

　　A. The man is planning a trip to Austin.

　　B. The man has not been to Austin before.

　　C. The man doesnt like Austin.

　　D. The man has been to Austin before.

　　I wish I had been there.說明說話人沒有去過。

　　② W：If it hadnt been snowing so hard，I might have been home by 9

　　oclock.

　　M：Its too bad you didnt make it.Jane was here and she wanted

　　to see you.

　　Q： What happened to the woman?

　　A. She got home before 9 oclock.

　　B. She had a bad cold.

　　C. She had a car accident.

　　D. She was delayed.

　　If it hadnt been snowing so hard， I might have been home by 9 oclock.說明因?yàn)檠┨螅f話者未能在9點(diǎn)前到家。也就是說she was delayed.

　　(2)對(duì)建議的考查

　　建議題要求同學(xué)們掌握建議的各種表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)建議選擇正確選項(xiàng)。如：

　　① W：The movie starts in 5 minutes and theres bound to be a long

　　time.

　　M：Why dont we come back for the next show?Im sure it would be

　　less crowded.

　　Q： What is the man suggesting?

　　A. Coming back for a later show.

　　B. Waiting in a queue.

　　C. Coming back in five minutes.

　　D. Not going to the movie today.

　　Why dont?上一種建議表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)該句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容可以判斷答案是A.

　　② W：We do need another bookshelf in this room.But the problem is

　　the space for it.

　　M： How about moving the old dining table to the kitchen?

　　Q： What does the man suggest they should do?

　　A. Finding a larger room. B. Sell the old table.

　　C. Buy two bookshelves. D. Rearrange some furniture.

　　根據(jù)moving the dining table to the kitchen來判斷答案為D.

　　建議的表達(dá)方式還有：

　　Why not ? What do you think of ?

　　If I were you/If I were in your shoes， I would

　　Shall we ? I suggest 。

　　Youd better/You ought to。

　　(3) 對(duì)話題的考查

　　話題指會(huì)話雙方所談?wù)摰脑掝}，要求同學(xué)們具有概括能力。如：

　　① W： Do you want a day course or an evening course?

　　M： Well， it would have to be an evening course since I work

　　during the day.

　　Q： What are they talking about?

　　A. The choice of courses. B. A day course.

　　C. An evening course. D. Their work.

　　兩個(gè)人談?wù)摰氖沁x白天的課還是晚上的課，由此可以判斷答案應(yīng)該是A.

　　② M：I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up

　　and left in the middle of the performance.

　　W：Well， some people just cant seem to appreciate the real-life

　　drama.

　　Q： What are they talking about?

　　A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech.

　　從對(duì)話中的audience， performance與其說 drama可以判斷他們所談?wù)摰氖莂 play.

　　(4)同義表達(dá)方式的考查

　　四六級(jí)聽力測(cè)試中對(duì)隱含意思的考查很大程度上依賴于同義表達(dá)方式，也就是同學(xué)們對(duì)具體句式、短語、詞組甚至單詞的理解。如：

　　①M(fèi)： What do you think of Professor Browns lecture?

　　W： The topic was interesting， but the lecture was much more

　　difficult to follow than I had expected.

　　Q： What does the woman say about the lecture?

　　A. It was a long lecture， but easy to understand.

　　B. It was not as easy as she had expected.

　　C. It was as difficult as she had expected.

　　D. It was interesting and easy to follow.

　　與much more difficult to follow than I had expected同義的應(yīng)該是B.

　　②M： Nancy， why were you late today?

　　W： I overslept and missed the bus.

　　Q： Why was Nancy late?

　　A. She got up later than usual. B. The bus was late.

　　C. She forgot she had class. D. Her clock was slow.

　　overslept也就是got up later than usual.

　　③M：Did you mind coming back by coach instead of by train?

　　W：No， we didnt mind at all. It took a lot longer， but it was

　　very comfortable and it was much cheaper.

　　Q：How did the woman feel about the coming back by coach?

　　A. She felt it was tiring. B. She felt it was very nice.

　　C. She felt it took less time.D. She thought it was expensive.

　　從comfortable和 much cheaper來看，女士的感覺應(yīng)該是very nice，答案應(yīng)該是B.