奧巴馬要求國會(huì)同意關(guān)閉關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄

由雕龍文庫 分享時(shí)間：2024-03-25 12:58:27 收藏本文

President Barack Obama has proposed a plan to close the US prison at Guantánamo Bay in a final effort to persuade a sceptical Congress to help him shut the controversial site before he leaves office, fulfilling a campaign pledge.

美國總統(tǒng)巴拉克奧巴馬(Barack Obama)提出了一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，擬關(guān)閉美國在關(guān)塔那摩灣(Guantánamo Bay)的監(jiān)獄。這是他最后一次試圖勸說持懷疑態(tài)度的美國國會(huì)幫他在離任前關(guān)閉這一備受爭議的場(chǎng)所，以讓他能夠兌現(xiàn)在競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)作出的承諾。

Fifteen years after Guantánamo was opened to detain prisoners captured in Afghanistan, the US is holding 91 inmates at the site. While 35 detainees have been approved for transfer to other nations, the plan proposes moving the remaining detainees to one of 13 unnamed prisons in the US.

關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄設(shè)立于15年前，用來關(guān)押在阿富汗俘獲的囚犯。目前里面關(guān)著91名囚犯，其中35人已獲批轉(zhuǎn)至其他國家，而上述計(jì)劃建議將剩下的囚犯轉(zhuǎn)至美國境內(nèi)13所未具名監(jiān)獄中的一所。

“For many years, it’s been clear that the detention facility at Guantánamo Bay does not advance our national security,” Mr Obama said on Tuesday. “Guantánamo harms our partnerships with allies and other countries, whose co-operation we need against terrorism...It is viewed as a stain on our broader record of upholding the highest standards of rule of law.”

奧巴馬在周二表示：“多年來，關(guān)塔那摩灣的這座關(guān)押設(shè)施顯然并未提升我們的國家安全。關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄破壞了我們與盟國及其他國家的合作關(guān)系，而我們需要這種合作來打擊恐怖主義……在人們眼中，關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄是我們捍衛(wèi)最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)法治的整個(gè)記錄中的一個(gè)污點(diǎn)?！?/p>

Guantánamo has remained a thorn in the side of the administration since Mr Obama took office in 2008, following a presidential campaign in which he made closing the site one of the pillars of his foreign policy, along with ending the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. While critics of Guantánamo argue that it serves as a recruiting tool for terrorists, proponents of keeping it open say that it helps prevent future terrorist attacks against the US.

自奧巴馬2008年上任以來，關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄就一直是奧巴馬政府的眼中釘。在競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)，奧巴馬曾表示，關(guān)閉關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄以及結(jié)束伊拉克和阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭是他外交政策的支柱。雖然關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄的批評(píng)者聲稱該監(jiān)獄起到了恐怖分子招募工具的作用，但支持繼續(xù)設(shè)立這座監(jiān)獄的人士表示，它有助于防范未來針對(duì)美國的恐怖襲擊。

During his seven years in office, Mr Obama has failed to persuade Congress to help him close the prison. Congress has passed measures that ban the administration from moving detainees from Guantánamo to US soil. Most of the Republican presidential contenders have vowed to keep the prison open.

奧巴馬在任7年以來，一直未能說服國會(huì)幫他關(guān)閉這座監(jiān)獄。美國國會(huì)已通過法令，禁止政府將關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄關(guān)押的囚犯轉(zhuǎn)至美國境內(nèi)。大多數(shù)共和黨總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選人都發(fā)誓要繼續(xù)設(shè)立這座監(jiān)獄。

In urging Congress to work with his administration, Mr Obama on Tuesday said he was “clear-eyed about the hurdles to finally closing Guantánamo”. To make his case, he argued that his predecessor, George W Bush, had wanted to close the site. He also stressed that the military commissions being used to try 10 detainees — including alleged 9/11 mastermind Khaled Sheikh Mohammed — at Guantánamo had not produced “a single verdict”.

周二，奧巴馬在勸說國會(huì)與政府合作時(shí)表示，他“對(duì)最終關(guān)閉關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄面臨的障礙有著清楚的認(rèn)識(shí)”。為了證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，他指出他的前任小布什(George W Bush)也曾想關(guān)閉這一場(chǎng)所。奧巴馬還強(qiáng)調(diào)，用來審判10名關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄囚犯（其中包括涉嫌策劃了“九一一”事件的哈立德謝赫穆罕默德(Khaled Sheikh Mohammed)）的特別軍事法庭連“一個(gè)判決”都沒有做出。

Mr Obama argued that the site, which last year cost $450m to run, was a big financial drain.Tackling claims that it would pose a threat to US security or complicate efforts to try the detainees, he pointed out that federal courts have already convicted terrorists such as Richard Reid, the shoe bomber.

關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄去年運(yùn)營開銷達(dá)4.5億美元，奧巴馬認(rèn)為該監(jiān)獄是一項(xiàng)巨大的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)。他駁斥了關(guān)閉該場(chǎng)所將對(duì)美國安全構(gòu)成威脅或使在押犯審判工作復(fù)雜化的說法，指出聯(lián)邦法院已為一些恐怖分子定了罪，比如“鞋子炸彈手”理查德里德(Richard Reid)。