高中英語 語法精講（Unit 20 Humour）人教版
語法精講The -ing Form(1)—used as Attribute and Object Complement
動詞-ing形式(1)——作定語和賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作定語
1.動名詞作定語，說明被修飾詞的性質和用途。
He has a reading room.
他有一個閱覽室。
2.現在分詞作定語，單個的放在所修飾名詞前，分詞短語放在所修飾名詞后，其被動式一般只作后置定語。
This is a most interesting book.
Tell the boys playing there not to make any noise.
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed now.
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
1.現在分詞作賓補常用于下列動詞之后：see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice,catch,leave,get等，表示動作正在進行，還沒有結束；或者表示使一直處于某種狀態/使一直做某事。
注意：當句子變成被動語態時，仍用現在分詞，只是原來的賓補變成了主補。
We had the fire burning all night.
我們整夜都點著火。
He left,leaving the machine running.
他走了，機器卻一直在轉著。
I heard someone knocking at the door.Go and see who it was.
我聽見有人在敲門，去看看是誰。
Tom was caught smoking in the workshop and was dismissed.
湯姆在車間抽煙的時候被發現，然后被解雇了。
2.現在分詞還經常用于“with結構”中，充當with的賓語補足語。
With the old man leading the way,we had no trouble finding his house.
由那位老人帶路，我們毫不費力地找到了他的家。
【考例1】(2006湖南高考，21)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
A.covering
B.covered
C.cover
D.to cover
解析:本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。因blanket與cover之間是主謂關系，因此應用現在分詞作定語。答案:A
【考例2】(2006四川高考，27)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes,I’ve never been to ________ one before.
A. a more excited
B.the most excited
C.a more excitingD.the most exciting
解析:“否定詞+比較級”表達最高級意義，“我以前從沒有參加過比這更好的派對(這是我參加過的最好的派對)”。
答案:C
【考例3】The cook was fired immediately when he was found ________ in the kitchen.
A.smoke
B.smoking
C.to smoke
D.smoked
解析:選項在句中作主語補足語，且與主語之間為主動關系，故應使用動詞-ing形式。
答案:B
【考例4】The students completed their task in advance with the expert ________ them.
A.help
B.helps
C.helped
D.helping
解析:選項在句中充當with的賓語補足語，與賓語expert之間為主動關系，故應使用現在分詞。
答案:D
語法精講The -ing Form(1)—used as Attribute and Object Complement
動詞-ing形式(1)——作定語和賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作定語
1.動名詞作定語，說明被修飾詞的性質和用途。
He has a reading room.
他有一個閱覽室。
2.現在分詞作定語，單個的放在所修飾名詞前，分詞短語放在所修飾名詞后，其被動式一般只作后置定語。
This is a most interesting book.
Tell the boys playing there not to make any noise.
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed now.
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
1.現在分詞作賓補常用于下列動詞之后：see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice,catch,leave,get等，表示動作正在進行，還沒有結束；或者表示使一直處于某種狀態/使一直做某事。
注意：當句子變成被動語態時，仍用現在分詞，只是原來的賓補變成了主補。
We had the fire burning all night.
我們整夜都點著火。
He left,leaving the machine running.
他走了，機器卻一直在轉著。
I heard someone knocking at the door.Go and see who it was.
我聽見有人在敲門，去看看是誰。
Tom was caught smoking in the workshop and was dismissed.
湯姆在車間抽煙的時候被發現，然后被解雇了。
2.現在分詞還經常用于“with結構”中，充當with的賓語補足語。
With the old man leading the way,we had no trouble finding his house.
由那位老人帶路，我們毫不費力地找到了他的家。
【考例1】(2006湖南高考，21)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
A.covering
B.covered
C.cover
D.to cover
解析:本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。因blanket與cover之間是主謂關系，因此應用現在分詞作定語。答案:A
【考例2】(2006四川高考，27)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes,I’ve never been to ________ one before.
A. a more excited
B.the most excited
C.a more excitingD.the most exciting
解析:“否定詞+比較級”表達最高級意義，“我以前從沒有參加過比這更好的派對(這是我參加過的最好的派對)”。
答案:C
【考例3】The cook was fired immediately when he was found ________ in the kitchen.
A.smoke
B.smoking
C.to smoke
D.smoked
解析:選項在句中作主語補足語，且與主語之間為主動關系，故應使用動詞-ing形式。
答案:B
【考例4】The students completed their task in advance with the expert ________ them.
A.help
B.helps
C.helped
D.helping
解析:選項在句中充當with的賓語補足語，與賓語expert之間為主動關系，故應使用現在分詞。
答案:D
