高中英語 詞匯講解（Unit 16 Scientists at work）人教版
Unit 16 Scientists at work Warming up,Listening and Speaking
詞匯講解
三點剖析
1....discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following scientific discoveries...
討論下列科學發(fā)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點和缺點……
advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)點
【典型例句】
Given a good education,Tom has an advantage over other boys.
接受過良好教育,湯姆比其他男孩占優(yōu)勢。
He always takes advantage of the mistakes made by others.他總是吸取別人所犯錯誤的教訓。
Attending more scientific lectures is of great advantage to me.
多參加一些科學講座對我很有益。
【要點歸納】
advantage作“優(yōu)點，有利條件”講時是可數(shù)名詞;作“利益,好處”講時是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配:have/gain/win an advantage over...占/獲得優(yōu)勢;take advantage of sth.利用;be to one’s advantage/to the advantage of...對某人有利;have the advantage of sb.較某人有利,比某人強。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
disadvantage是advantage的反義詞,表示“不利,損失”時不可數(shù),表示“不利的情況,不便之事”時可數(shù)。多用于搭配:be at a disadvantage處于不利地位;to one’s disadvantage對某人不利。例如:
It’s a disadvantage not to know English when you go abroad.
出國時不懂英語是個不利條件。
Your behavior is a disadvantage to your reputation.
你的行為有損你的聲譽。完成句子
(1)The present international situation is _______________(對中國有利).
(2)In working out maths problems,my desk-mate ______________(比大部分女生強).
(3)I feel_______________(處于不利地位) playing with him.
(4)The Chinese government is trying to _________________(利用寶貴的時間) to develop the economy.
(5)Age and experience are __________________(他的主要優(yōu)點).
答案:(1)to China’s advantage
(2)has the advantage of most of the girls
(3)at a disadvantage
(4)take advantage of the valuable time
(5)his main advantages
選擇
（6）—How about the coins?
—Well,coins have many __________.They can be stored without worrying that they will rot away.
A.effects
B.advantages
C.disadvantages D.uses
提示:由答語的后一句看出答案,應使用advantages(優(yōu)點)。答案:B
2.It brings people more comfort.
它使人們更舒適。
comfort n.舒適;安慰
【典型例句】
I took comfort in her words,feeling more comfortable.
我從她的話中得到安慰,感到好受多了。
Taken good care of,the retired men live in comfort.
由于被照顧得很好,退休人員生活舒適。
Her success in her cause is a great comfort to her parents.
她在事業(yè)上的成功對父母來說一大慰藉。
These fivestar level hotels offer modern comforts.
這些五星級賓館有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備。
【要點歸納】
comfort表示“安慰;舒服;舒適”不可數(shù);指“使生活舒適之物;帶來安慰的人或物”時可數(shù)。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
(1)comfort用作動詞,表示“安慰;慰問”。例如:
It comforts me to know that the crew is safe.
機組人員平安無事的消息使我寬心。
No one comforted me when I was sad about my pet dog’s death.在我因?qū)櫸锕返乃劳龆瘋麜r沒有人安慰我。
(2)comfortable adj. 安慰的,舒適的,輕松的。反義詞 uncomfortable 例如:
She wanted to find a comfortable job after graduation.
她畢業(yè)后想找個輕松的工作。
選擇
(1)A hot cup of tea on a cold winter night is _________.
A.real comfort
B.a real comfort
C.real comforts
D.real comfortable
提示:“使人安慰或舒服的人或事”,comfort用作可數(shù)名詞。
答案:B
(2)I feel _______ at home than outside.
A.even comfortable
B.much comfortable
C.much more comfortable
D.comfortabler
提示:comfortable是多音節(jié)詞,故加more構(gòu)成比較級,前面的much表示“程度”。
答案:C
翻譯
(3)和你在一起真愉快。
_______________________________________
(4)我盡力安慰她從而使她平靜下來。
_______________________________________
答案:
(3)It’s a comfort to be with you.
(4)I tried to comfort her to make her settle down.
3.It is unnecessary.
那是沒有必要的。
unnecessary adj.不必要的;多余的
【典型例句】
Your rude reply is unnecessary.
你大可不必粗野地回答。
It’s unnecessary to telephone him at such time.
沒有必要此時給他打電話。
Dictionaries are necessary to all students.
字典是學生都需要的。
It is necessary for him to do more in the house because his mother is ill.
他媽媽有病使他有必要做更多的家務(wù)。It’s necessary that we(should) improve the method of study.
我們有必要改進自己的學習方法。
【要點歸納】
necessary/unnecessary是指事物的形容詞,作表語時,可用事物名詞作主語,不能用人作主語。常用于下列兩個句型:(1)It is necessary/unnecessary for sb.to do sth.(2)It’s necessary/unnecessary that+從句,都表示“某人有必要/沒必要做某事”,但接從句時,從句中的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略。【相關(guān)鏈接】
There is no need(for sb.) to do sth.(某人)沒有必要做某事。例如:
There is no need to import so many cars now.
現(xiàn)在沒有必要進口這么多汽車。改錯
(1)He is necessary to get up early tomorrow morning.
_____________________________________________________________________
(2)It is no need to send more fire fighters because the fire has been put out.
_____________________________________________________________________
答案:
(1)It is necessary for him to get up early tomorrow morning./It is necessary that he should get up early next morning.
(2)It→There
選擇
(3)We have found _________ necessary to put away some money for old age.
A.this
B.which
C.that
D.it
提示:it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語。
答案:D
(4)All agree that it is ____________ to bring in more foreign films in order to protect China’s film industry.
A.necessary
B.unnecessary
C.no need
D.much need
提示:句中的不定式短語暗示“沒有必要進口更多的外國電影”,故使用unnecessary。
答案:B
Unit 16 Scientists at work Warming up,Listening and Speaking
詞匯講解
三點剖析
1....discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following scientific discoveries...
討論下列科學發(fā)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點和缺點……
advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)點
【典型例句】
Given a good education,Tom has an advantage over other boys.
接受過良好教育,湯姆比其他男孩占優(yōu)勢。
He always takes advantage of the mistakes made by others.他總是吸取別人所犯錯誤的教訓。
Attending more scientific lectures is of great advantage to me.
多參加一些科學講座對我很有益。
【要點歸納】
advantage作“優(yōu)點，有利條件”講時是可數(shù)名詞;作“利益,好處”講時是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配:have/gain/win an advantage over...占/獲得優(yōu)勢;take advantage of sth.利用;be to one’s advantage/to the advantage of...對某人有利;have the advantage of sb.較某人有利,比某人強。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
disadvantage是advantage的反義詞,表示“不利,損失”時不可數(shù),表示“不利的情況,不便之事”時可數(shù)。多用于搭配:be at a disadvantage處于不利地位;to one’s disadvantage對某人不利。例如:
It’s a disadvantage not to know English when you go abroad.
出國時不懂英語是個不利條件。
Your behavior is a disadvantage to your reputation.
你的行為有損你的聲譽。完成句子
(1)The present international situation is _______________(對中國有利).
(2)In working out maths problems,my desk-mate ______________(比大部分女生強).
(3)I feel_______________(處于不利地位) playing with him.
(4)The Chinese government is trying to _________________(利用寶貴的時間) to develop the economy.
(5)Age and experience are __________________(他的主要優(yōu)點).
答案:(1)to China’s advantage
(2)has the advantage of most of the girls
(3)at a disadvantage
(4)take advantage of the valuable time
(5)his main advantages
選擇
（6）—How about the coins?
—Well,coins have many __________.They can be stored without worrying that they will rot away.
A.effects
B.advantages
C.disadvantages D.uses
提示:由答語的后一句看出答案,應使用advantages(優(yōu)點)。答案:B
2.It brings people more comfort.
它使人們更舒適。
comfort n.舒適;安慰
【典型例句】
I took comfort in her words,feeling more comfortable.
我從她的話中得到安慰,感到好受多了。
Taken good care of,the retired men live in comfort.
由于被照顧得很好,退休人員生活舒適。
Her success in her cause is a great comfort to her parents.
她在事業(yè)上的成功對父母來說一大慰藉。
These fivestar level hotels offer modern comforts.
這些五星級賓館有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備。
【要點歸納】
comfort表示“安慰;舒服;舒適”不可數(shù);指“使生活舒適之物;帶來安慰的人或物”時可數(shù)。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
(1)comfort用作動詞,表示“安慰;慰問”。例如:
It comforts me to know that the crew is safe.
機組人員平安無事的消息使我寬心。
No one comforted me when I was sad about my pet dog’s death.在我因?qū)櫸锕返乃劳龆瘋麜r沒有人安慰我。
(2)comfortable adj. 安慰的,舒適的,輕松的。反義詞 uncomfortable 例如:
She wanted to find a comfortable job after graduation.
她畢業(yè)后想找個輕松的工作。
選擇
(1)A hot cup of tea on a cold winter night is _________.
A.real comfort
B.a real comfort
C.real comforts
D.real comfortable
提示:“使人安慰或舒服的人或事”,comfort用作可數(shù)名詞。
答案:B
(2)I feel _______ at home than outside.
A.even comfortable
B.much comfortable
C.much more comfortable
D.comfortabler
提示:comfortable是多音節(jié)詞,故加more構(gòu)成比較級,前面的much表示“程度”。
答案:C
翻譯
(3)和你在一起真愉快。
_______________________________________
(4)我盡力安慰她從而使她平靜下來。
_______________________________________
答案:
(3)It’s a comfort to be with you.
(4)I tried to comfort her to make her settle down.
3.It is unnecessary.
那是沒有必要的。
unnecessary adj.不必要的;多余的
【典型例句】
Your rude reply is unnecessary.
你大可不必粗野地回答。
It’s unnecessary to telephone him at such time.
沒有必要此時給他打電話。
Dictionaries are necessary to all students.
字典是學生都需要的。
It is necessary for him to do more in the house because his mother is ill.
他媽媽有病使他有必要做更多的家務(wù)。It’s necessary that we(should) improve the method of study.
我們有必要改進自己的學習方法。
【要點歸納】
necessary/unnecessary是指事物的形容詞,作表語時,可用事物名詞作主語,不能用人作主語。常用于下列兩個句型:(1)It is necessary/unnecessary for sb.to do sth.(2)It’s necessary/unnecessary that+從句,都表示“某人有必要/沒必要做某事”,但接從句時,從句中的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略。【相關(guān)鏈接】
There is no need(for sb.) to do sth.(某人)沒有必要做某事。例如:
There is no need to import so many cars now.
現(xiàn)在沒有必要進口這么多汽車。改錯
(1)He is necessary to get up early tomorrow morning.
_____________________________________________________________________
(2)It is no need to send more fire fighters because the fire has been put out.
_____________________________________________________________________
答案:
(1)It is necessary for him to get up early tomorrow morning./It is necessary that he should get up early next morning.
(2)It→There
選擇
(3)We have found _________ necessary to put away some money for old age.
A.this
B.which
C.that
D.it
提示:it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語。
答案:D
(4)All agree that it is ____________ to bring in more foreign films in order to protect China’s film industry.
A.necessary
B.unnecessary
C.no need
D.much need
提示:句中的不定式短語暗示“沒有必要進口更多的外國電影”,故使用unnecessary。
答案:B
