2024屆《名師A計劃》高考英語新人教版一輪復習配套練習：必修1 Unit 5《Nelson Mandela-a modern hero》（含解析）
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
(80分鐘106分)
Part A
一、閱讀理解(共8小題;每小題2分,滿分16分)
A
Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice.Gifts are easy—they’re given after all.Choices can be hard.
I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago.I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year.I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast,and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.I had just turned 30 years old,and I’d been married for a year.I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t,and I wasn’t sure what to expect.MacKenzie told me I should go for it.As a young boy,I’d been a garage inventor.I’d always wanted to be an inventor,and she wanted me to follow my passion.
I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people,and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired.I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet.He took me on a long walk in Central Park,listened carefully to me,and finally said,“That sounds like a really good idea,but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t yet have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me,and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision.Seen in that light,it really was a difficult choice,but finally,I decided I had to give it a shot(嘗試).I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing.And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision not to try at all.?
After much consideration,I took the less safe path to follow my passion,and I’m proud of that choice.For all of us,in the end,we are our choices.
1.What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?
A.His dream of being an inventor.
B.The support of his wife.
C.The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.
D.Millions of exciting titles.
2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?
A.The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.
B.He would be very excited if he tried it out.
C.He would be always having a doubt if he didn’t try.
D.The decision not to try the online bookstore would terrify him.
3.We can know from the passage that.?
A.the boss thought the idea was suitable for the author
B.the author wanted someone else to try the idea
C.the author might not regret if he failed the idea
D.the author might go back to his boss if he failed
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Cleverness and kindness
B.The starting of Amazon
C.Following my passion
D.We are what we choose
【文章大意】本文是一篇自傳,作者是亞馬遜網站創始人貝佐斯。文章通過講述“我”辭職創業的經歷,表明自我選擇成就了每一個人。
1.C 細節理解題。根據第二段第二、三句“I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year.I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast,and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.”可知,互聯網的迅速發展讓“我”萌生了創建一個網絡書店的想法。故選C項。
2.A 細節推斷題。根據劃線句子前的“but finally,I decided I had to give it a shot”可知,“我”決定辭職嘗試建網站。結合“And”一詞可知,劃線句子與前一句意思一致,主要是說“我”不害怕嘗試和失敗,但會因為想法沒有付諸實踐而愧疚。故選A項。
3.C 細節理解題。根據第三段倒數第二句“I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing.”可知,“我”不會為嘗試和失敗感到后悔。故選C項。
4.D 標題歸納題。根據最后一段“After much consideration,I took the less safe path to follow my passion,and I’m proud of that choice.For all of us,in the end,we are our choices.”可知,“我”把自己的熱情付諸實踐,并且獲得了成功。因而是我們的選擇成就了我們每一個人。D項概括了文章主旨。
B
Watson entered Mr Smith’s office.The boss was a hard man.He fired people who didn’t do well without giving them a second chance.
“Watson,” said Mr Smith,“this past year your department hasn’t earned money.We’re going to drop that department.It’s finished.I’m sorry,but you’ll have to go.” “But,sir—if I just had a little more time.For the moment I need the job to keep my son at Riverside School.”
“What’s that!” said the boss.“Riverside!I didn’t know you had a boy there.That’s an expensive school for a man with your salary.”
“I know,sir.But he likes there so much!He’s a star athlete and the best boxer in the school.The boys call him Champ(冠軍)there.”
The boss sat perfectly still for a long time—a faraway (恍惚的) look in his eyes.Then,suddenly,he said,“We’ve got to close your department,Watson.But you’ll take over a new job in another department.It means longer hours—maybe more pay.Now get out.You’re here for life.”
Watson got out,with surprise on his face.Then the boss took a letter from the top drawer of his desk.It was Herbie’s last letter from Riverside School—written a few days before he died.He had read it over and over again with sick pain.The letter read:
I can’t say the boys here are any nicer to me than the others were.I guess it’s the same everywhere when you’re a cripple (跛腳的人).But don’t worry about me,Dad.They’ve got a good chemistry department here.And there’s one boy here who is really great.He’s a track star and boxing champ and just tops in chemistry.The boys call him Champ.He made them stop throwing my books around.And he knocked a boy down who hit me.He is the best friend I ever had.Dad,when I grow up,I want to do something for Champ.Something big—that he won’t even know about.
Your son,
Herbie
(2024·吉林實驗中學模擬)
1.Mr Smith wanted to fire Watson because .?
A.Watson would take over a new job in another department
B.Watson had his son study in Riverside School
C.Watson’s son knocked a boy down who hit Herbie
D.Watson’s department didn’t earn money that year
2.We can learn from the passage that .?
A.Mr Smith didn’t know that Champ was Watson’s son at first
B.Mr Smith was told not to fire Watson by Herbie
C.Mr Smith decided to give Watson another chance in no time
D.Mr Smith wanted to realize Champ’s dream
3.According to the passage,which words can best describe Mr Smith?
A.Sympathetic and grateful.
B.Selfish and greedy.
C.Hardworking and strict.
D.Easy-going and optimistic.
4.The author wrote the passage in order to.?
A.make our children enjoy life
B.share a moving story with us
C.provide us with tips on work
D.help us to deal with our boss
【文章大意】本文是記敘文,講述了一個讓人懂得感恩的感人故事。
1.D 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“‘Watson,’ said Mr Smith...but you’ll have to go.”可知Smith先生要開除Watson的原因是Watson負責的部門當年沒有盈利。
2.A 細節理解題。根據第三段中的“I didn’t know you had a boy there.”可知Smith先生起初并不知道Champ是Watson的兒子。
3.A 細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“But you’ll take over a new job in another department.It means longer hours—maybe more pay... You’re here for life.”可知,Smith先生是一個有同情心且懂得感恩的人。
4.B 目的意圖題。通過閱讀文章可知,作者寫這篇文章是為了分享一個讓我們懂得感恩的感人故事。
二、語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
Yangshuo,China
It was raining lightly when I 1.(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn’t care.A few hours 2.,I’d been at home in Hong Kong,with 3.(it) choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.?
I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4. are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5.(painting).Instead,I’d headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,it’s only an hour away 6. car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.?
Yangshuo 7.(be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8.(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it 9.(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10.(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.?
(2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ)
1.arrived。根據“It was raining lightly”可知這里講述的是過去發生的事情,因此用一般過去時。
2.before/earlier。聯系空后的“I’d been at home in Hong Kong”可知,作者在講述幾個小時以前發生的事情。
3.its。結合空后的“choking smog”可知,此處指的是香港的令人窒息的霧霾,應用形容詞性物主代詞。
4.that/which。所填詞引導定語從句,指物,且在從句中作主語,因此用that或which。
5.paintings。空前有so many修飾,因此這里的名詞應該用復數形式。
6.by。聯系空前的“it’s only an hour away”可知,這里指坐車只有一個小時的路程。
7.is。Yangshuo是專有名詞,并且這里陳述的是客觀事實,因此用一般現在時。
8.conducted。根據后面的by可知conduct與study為被動關系,故用過去分詞短語作定語。
9.regularly。此空需用副詞修飾動詞arranges。
10.living。live與people為主動關系,故用現在分詞短語作定語,修飾people。
Part B
一、完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)
Speaking up
I never looked up when my friends were talking and joking about the retarded(智障的) boy a few tables away.It didn’t even cross my mind that he might feel 1 when people whispered about him.So I just let them talk.?
Then came the day when I learned my little brother Martin’s testing for autism(自閉癥) came out positive(陽性).I had never thought about him like that.I broke 2 ,crying.Everything had just changed.He was no longer a(n) 3 little boy.?
Over time,I was able to accept his 4 a little more.We had to 5 because Martin needed treatment.So Martin and I both started at a new school.One day,I was standing in the bus line waiting when a “short” bus(for the retarded) came and 6 up some kids.The children in the other line started making 7 about the “retarded” on that bus and I felt a 8 feeling in my heart.I said quietly that those comments weren’t very nice, 9 no one listened.?
My family moved again.In the new school I got a 10 to speak up pretty soon.That day,in a band class,my teacher 11 our playing to make some comments,“...Guys,we’re playing like the kids on the short bus!Come on!” The entire room was laughing loudly.I felt very 12 .Then,I raised my hand.I wasn’t sure what I was going to say but I wanted to be heard.?
The whole class 13 down.My mouth opened and this came out:“I don’t think we should make fun of the short bus,because there are people on that bus who have a lot in common with us and have the same feelings as we do.” I could feel my 14 getting louder.“So I would 15 it if you didn’t make fun of them.”?
The room was very quiet and everyone stared at me.My teacher 16 for his words and then started the song again.At the end of the class,everyone was giving me strange looks.But I didn’t 17 ,because I knew three things:I had spoken the 18 .I had taught everyone something,and while everyone in the classroom was being a follower,I had 19 to take a different path since I wanted to become a 20 and a role model.?
(2024·北京海淀區期中考試)
1.A.amazed B.hurt
C.uncertain D.cold
2.A.off B.in
C.down D.away
3.A.normal B.noisy
C.outstanding D.impressive
4.A.pain B.interest
C.opinion D.illness
5.A.change B.move
C.quit D.study
6.A.set B.took
C.brought D.picked
7.A.jokes B.complaints
C.choices D.discoveries
8.A.violent B.strange
C.confusing D.clear
9.A.because B.if
C.but D.so
10.A.chance B.position
C.topic D.point
11.A.encouraged B.bothered
C.enjoyed D.stopped
12.A.bad B.embarrassed
C.tense D.guilty
13.A.sat B.slowed
C.quieted D.looked
14.A.pace B.voice
C.pulse D.breath
15.A.excuse B.appreciate
C.stand D.permit
16.A.apologized B.fought
C.allowed D.argued
17.A.understand B.notice
C.return D.care
18.A.wisdom B.importance
C.matter D.truth
19.A.helped B.decided
C.agreed D.hoped
20.A.reporter B.thinker
C.leader D.trainer
【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。講述作者目睹到智障者遭人取笑最終大膽地表達了自己的憤懣和不平,并為智障者進行了辯護。
1.B 當人們在悄悄議論的時候,“我”根本就沒有想到過他會受到傷害。拿智障者開玩笑自然會使其受到傷害,B項符合語境。amazed“吃驚的”;hurt“受傷害的”;uncertain“不確定的”。
2.C “我”從未想到會是這種情況,不禁失聲痛哭起來。由crying可知,應選擇C項。break down意為“感情失控,精神崩潰”。break off“突然結束,中斷(談話)”;break in“闖入,插嘴”;break away“逃脫,掙脫”。
3.A 一切都發生了變化,他不再是一位正常的小男孩了。A項與前句含義吻合。normal“正常的”;noisy“嘈雜的,喧鬧的”;outstanding“杰出的,顯著的”;impressive“感人的,給人印象深刻的”。
4.D 隨著時間的推移,“我”逐漸接受了他的病情。D項符合語境。
5.B 由下文“So Martin and I both started at a new school.”和第四段第一句“My family moved again.”可知,此處表示“因馬丁需要治療,我們必須要搬家”,故選擇B項。
6.D set up“建立,豎起”;take up“拿起,開始從事,占據(時間、地方)”;bring up“養育,教育,嘔吐”;pick up“搭載,讓人乘車”。D項符合語境。
7.A 另一隊里的孩子們開始取笑那輛班車上的“智障者”。make jokes about sb“取笑某人”,A項符合文意。complaint“抱怨”;choice“選擇”;discovery“發現”。
8.B “我”心中萌生了一種異樣的感受,B項符合語境。violent“暴力的”;strange“奇怪的”;confusing“令人困惑的,混亂的”;clear“清楚的,清澈的”。
9.C “我”平靜地說這樣評論人不好,但沒有人聽“我”的。此處前后句為轉折關系,應選C項。
10.A 在這所新學校里,“我”很快就得到了一次為智障者辯護的機會。A項順承下文文意。speak up“大膽地說出來,進行辯護”。
11.D 由下文“...Guys,we’re playing like the kids on the short bus!Come on!”可以推知老師認為我們的演奏很糟糕,讓我們停止演奏,所以選D項。stop在此意為“制止,阻止”。
