2024屆高考英語一輪復習話題晨背學案：話題二 家庭、朋友和周圍的人（北師大版）
話題二家庭、朋友和周圍的人
子話題(一) 相關人員
1．家人
①grandparents n．祖父母，外祖父母
②grandfather n.
爺爺，外公
③grandmother n.
奶奶，外婆
④grandchild n.
(外)孫子或孫女
⑤grandson n.
孫子，外孫
⑥granddaughter n.
(外)孫女
⑦stepfather n.
繼父
⑧stepmother n.
繼母
⑨father-in-law n.
岳父；公公
⑩mother-in-law n.
岳母；婆婆
brother-in-law n.
姐(妹)夫；小叔；大伯
sister-in-law n.
嫂子，弟媳
daughter-in-law n.
兒媳
uncle n.
叔；伯；舅；姑父；姨父
aunt n.
嬸；伯母；舅媽；姑媽；姨
nephew n.
侄子，外甥
niece n.
侄女，外甥女
cousin n.
堂(表)兄弟，堂(表)姐妹
housewife n.
家庭主婦
couple n.
夫婦，一對
host n.
主人；節目主持人
hostess n.
女主人
bride n.
新娘
bridegroom n.
新郎
twin n.
雙胞胎
2．朋友和周圍的人
①relative n.
親屬，親戚
②partner n.
伙伴；同伴
③fellow n.
同伴；伙伴
④monitor n.
班長
⑤pen-pal n.
筆友
⑥net-pal n.
網友
⑦stranger n.
陌生人
⑧director n.
主任
⑨headteacher n.
班主任；中小學校長
⑩headmaster n.
(中小學)校長
neighbour n.
鄰居，鄰人
villager n.
村民
roommate n.
室友，舍友
?acquaintance n.
熟人；相識
elder n.
長輩；老人；父輩
senior n.
年長者；高年級生
junior n.
年幼者；低年級生
adult n.
成年人
teenager n.
青少年
middle age n.
中年
companion n.
同伴；同事；伴侶
colleague n.
同事，同僚
president n.
總統；董事長；大學校長
chairman n.
主席
manager n.
經理
子話題(二) 人際關系
1．和諧的人際關系
①harmony n．和睦，和諧
②harmonious adj.
和諧的
③friendly adj.
友好的
④considerate adj.
體貼的
⑤admirable adj.
值得贊賞的，可欽佩的
⑥respectful adj.
恭敬的，有禮貌的
⑦consult vt.
請教；商量
⑧appreciate vt.
欣賞；感激
⑨associate vt.
使聯合
⑩respect vt.& n.
尊重
understand vt.
理解；領會
understanding n.
理解
accompany vt.
陪同，陪伴
share vt.
分享，共同使用
cooperate vi.
合作
forgive vt.
原諒
congratulate vt.
祝賀
congratulation n.
祝賀
enthusiastic adj.
熱情的
precious adj.
珍貴的
grateful adj.
感激的
sincere adj.
真誠的
conscience n.
良心；良知
merciful adj.
寬大的；仁慈的
modest adj.
謙虛的；謙遜的
reliable adj.
可信賴的
patient adj.
有耐心的
trust vt.
相信；信任
promote vt.
促進；提升
make up
和解
communicate with
與……交流
be ready to help others
樂于助人
be concerned for/about
對……擔心/關心
share ...with ...
與……分享……
depend/rely on
依靠，相信，信賴
have ...in common
有共同之處
fit in with
與……相適應/相融洽
get on/along well with sb.
與某人相處融洽
be in harmony with ...
與……和諧相處/協調
be on good terms with sb.
與某人關系好
2．不和諧的人際關系
①fight n．& vi.
打架；打斗
②quarrel n．& vi.
爭吵；吵架
③conflict n.
沖突
④tolerance n.
忍受
⑤barrier n.
屏障，障礙
⑥friction n.
摩擦
⑦prejudice n.
偏見，成見
⑧tension n.
緊張局勢
⑨abandon vt.
拋棄，舍棄，放棄
⑩abuse vt.
虐待；辱罵；濫用
divorce vt.
離婚
condemn vt.
譴責，指責，宣判
blame
vt.
責備，指責
complain vt.& vi.
抱怨
embarrass vt.
使尷尬
misunderstand vt.
誤會；誤解
bother vt.
打擾；麻煩
break up
分手；解散；結束
be bored with
厭煩
be fed up with
受夠了
be to blame
應受責備
have words with
與……發生口角
1．I didnt realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.
直到上高中我被選為班長時我才意識到與他人合作的重要性。
2．Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesnt make a forest”， our success is based on cooperating with others.
正如諺語所言：“獨木難成林”，我們的成功是建立在與他人合作的基礎上的。
3．We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.
我們應當彼此友善，這對于享受和諧的生活是絕對必要的。
4．With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate.
擁有友誼，生活就會快樂又和諧；沒有友誼，生活就會充滿敵意與不幸。
5．As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.
就我個人而言，要建立良好的關系，我們首先應該彼此信任。
6．As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart-to-heart talks with their parents when they grow older.
眾所周知，當孩子們長大的時候，他們與他們的父母進行知心交談的時間更少了。
7．As we all know, making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmonious society.
眾所周知，交友有助于我們建立良好的人際關系，也有利于構建和諧社會。
8．It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.
正是你的幫助和熱心讓我在英國的學習和生活既特別又快樂。
9．I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to know more about the Chinese and British culture.
我希望我們之間能相互保持聯系，這樣我們就可以相互交流，從而了解更多的中國和英國的文化。
10．Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in this way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.
因此，不管將來發生什么事情我們都應該保持冷靜，只有用這種方式我們才能恰當地處理問題并維護好我們的友誼。
(2024·邢臺高三模擬)“言語能夠傷人”，請結合生活中的事例說明這一觀點。詞數：100左右。
[范文必背]
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” ①Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate’s face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
②Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others when we speak.
[佳句演練]
(1)寫出句①的同義句
The_moment_they_heard_this,_the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmate’s face turned red.
(2)用強調句式改寫句②(強調時間狀語)
It_was_not_until_then_that I realized words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.
話題二家庭、朋友和周圍的人
子話題(一) 相關人員
1．家人
①grandparents n．祖父母，外祖父母
②grandfather n.
爺爺，外公
③grandmother n.
奶奶，外婆
④grandchild n.
(外)孫子或孫女
⑤grandson n.
孫子，外孫
⑥granddaughter n.
(外)孫女
⑦stepfather n.
繼父
⑧stepmother n.
繼母
⑨father-in-law n.
岳父；公公
⑩mother-in-law n.
岳母；婆婆
brother-in-law n.
姐(妹)夫；小叔；大伯
sister-in-law n.
嫂子，弟媳
daughter-in-law n.
兒媳
uncle n.
叔；伯；舅；姑父；姨父
aunt n.
嬸；伯母；舅媽；姑媽；姨
nephew n.
侄子，外甥
niece n.
侄女，外甥女
cousin n.
堂(表)兄弟，堂(表)姐妹
housewife n.
家庭主婦
couple n.
夫婦，一對
host n.
主人；節目主持人
hostess n.
女主人
bride n.
新娘
bridegroom n.
新郎
twin n.
雙胞胎
2．朋友和周圍的人
①relative n.
親屬，親戚
②partner n.
伙伴；同伴
③fellow n.
同伴；伙伴
④monitor n.
班長
⑤pen-pal n.
筆友
⑥net-pal n.
網友
⑦stranger n.
陌生人
⑧director n.
主任
⑨headteacher n.
班主任；中小學校長
⑩headmaster n.
(中小學)校長
neighbour n.
鄰居，鄰人
villager n.
村民
roommate n.
室友，舍友
?acquaintance n.
熟人；相識
elder n.
長輩；老人；父輩
senior n.
年長者；高年級生
junior n.
年幼者；低年級生
adult n.
成年人
teenager n.
青少年
middle age n.
中年
companion n.
同伴；同事；伴侶
colleague n.
同事，同僚
president n.
總統；董事長；大學校長
chairman n.
主席
manager n.
經理
子話題(二) 人際關系
1．和諧的人際關系
①harmony n．和睦，和諧
②harmonious adj.
和諧的
③friendly adj.
友好的
④considerate adj.
體貼的
⑤admirable adj.
值得贊賞的，可欽佩的
⑥respectful adj.
恭敬的，有禮貌的
⑦consult vt.
請教；商量
⑧appreciate vt.
欣賞；感激
⑨associate vt.
使聯合
⑩respect vt.& n.
尊重
understand vt.
理解；領會
understanding n.
理解
accompany vt.
陪同，陪伴
share vt.
分享，共同使用
cooperate vi.
合作
forgive vt.
原諒
congratulate vt.
祝賀
congratulation n.
祝賀
enthusiastic adj.
熱情的
precious adj.
珍貴的
grateful adj.
感激的
sincere adj.
真誠的
conscience n.
良心；良知
merciful adj.
寬大的；仁慈的
modest adj.
謙虛的；謙遜的
reliable adj.
可信賴的
patient adj.
有耐心的
trust vt.
相信；信任
promote vt.
促進；提升
make up
和解
communicate with
與……交流
be ready to help others
樂于助人
be concerned for/about
對……擔心/關心
share ...with ...
與……分享……
depend/rely on
依靠，相信，信賴
have ...in common
有共同之處
fit in with
與……相適應/相融洽
get on/along well with sb.
與某人相處融洽
be in harmony with ...
與……和諧相處/協調
be on good terms with sb.
與某人關系好
2．不和諧的人際關系
①fight n．& vi.
打架；打斗
②quarrel n．& vi.
爭吵；吵架
③conflict n.
沖突
④tolerance n.
忍受
⑤barrier n.
屏障，障礙
⑥friction n.
摩擦
⑦prejudice n.
偏見，成見
⑧tension n.
緊張局勢
⑨abandon vt.
拋棄，舍棄，放棄
⑩abuse vt.
虐待；辱罵；濫用
divorce vt.
離婚
condemn vt.
譴責，指責，宣判
blame
vt.
責備，指責
complain vt.& vi.
抱怨
embarrass vt.
使尷尬
misunderstand vt.
誤會；誤解
bother vt.
打擾；麻煩
break up
分手；解散；結束
be bored with
厭煩
be fed up with
受夠了
be to blame
應受責備
have words with
與……發生口角
1．I didnt realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.
直到上高中我被選為班長時我才意識到與他人合作的重要性。
2．Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesnt make a forest”， our success is based on cooperating with others.
正如諺語所言：“獨木難成林”，我們的成功是建立在與他人合作的基礎上的。
3．We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.
我們應當彼此友善，這對于享受和諧的生活是絕對必要的。
4．With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate.
擁有友誼，生活就會快樂又和諧；沒有友誼，生活就會充滿敵意與不幸。
5．As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.
就我個人而言，要建立良好的關系，我們首先應該彼此信任。
6．As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart-to-heart talks with their parents when they grow older.
眾所周知，當孩子們長大的時候，他們與他們的父母進行知心交談的時間更少了。
7．As we all know, making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmonious society.
眾所周知，交友有助于我們建立良好的人際關系，也有利于構建和諧社會。
8．It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.
正是你的幫助和熱心讓我在英國的學習和生活既特別又快樂。
9．I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to know more about the Chinese and British culture.
我希望我們之間能相互保持聯系，這樣我們就可以相互交流，從而了解更多的中國和英國的文化。
10．Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in this way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.
因此，不管將來發生什么事情我們都應該保持冷靜，只有用這種方式我們才能恰當地處理問題并維護好我們的友誼。
(2024·邢臺高三模擬)“言語能夠傷人”，請結合生活中的事例說明這一觀點。詞數：100左右。
[范文必背]
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” ①Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate’s face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
②Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others when we speak.
[佳句演練]
(1)寫出句①的同義句
The_moment_they_heard_this,_the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmate’s face turned red.
(2)用強調句式改寫句②(強調時間狀語)
It_was_not_until_then_that I realized words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.
