2024高考四川省廣安市英語閱讀理解一輪系列訓(xùn)練：5（含解析）
廣安市2024高考英語閱讀理解一輪系列訓(xùn)練（5）
閱讀理解。
Many people eventually get round to trading in their first car. But not Mike Harrison. He loves his 1931 black Bentley sports car so much that he’s still driving it – 54 years after be bought it.
Mr Harrison was 20 when he paid ￡150 (about ￡3,000 now) for the car after passing his test in 1956. It had already done 85,000 miles and he has since driven it a further 100,000, yet the car still runs like clockwork.
It is now one of only three left in the country and is worth ￡250,000. Despite its value, Mr Harrison, 74, says he would never sell the car “which has been my best friend and part of my family all my life”.
Mr Harrison courted his wife Jenny in it during the early sixties and it was their family car when children Caroline, now 46, and Ben, 42, came along. Even when he took a job as an advertising executive which came with the company car of his choice, Mr Harrison kept the Bentley.
He said: 'How many people still have their first car these days when everything is so disposable? But it is a real eye-catcher. It has something that modern cars just don't have - style and character. 'I still drive it most days, even though it only does about 15 miles to the gallon!' Petrol was just six shillings (30p) a gallon when Mr Harrison bought the Bentley, which had a top speed of 120mph.
He has spent thousands of pounds on repairs over the years but has kept the bodywork in good condition himself, hand-painting the underneath and spraying the black panels of the bodywork.
For decades the Bentley was a regular sight on the roads near Mr Harrison's home in Hampton Court, Surrey. He now uses it as a runaround after retiring to Whitney-on-Wye, Herefordshire.
Mrs Harrison, 71, said: “It was a nuisance(累贅) keeping it in tip-top order with me helping out with the repairs by passing Mike the spanners the whole time. But I wouldn't have changed any of it --- I feel like a Queen every time I'm in it.”
1. When Mike Harrison bought his black Bentley sports car, it was
A. a hand – made car
B. a second – hand car
C. one of only three left D. unique in style
2. Mike Harrison would never sell the car mainly because
A. it has witnessed his life and his family
B. it is very eye – catching
C. it has save much oil
D. it runs very fast
3. It can be concluded from the passage that the car
A. has cost more for repairs than it is worth
B. has almost been retired
C. has caused much trouble to Mrs. Harrison.
D. is priceless to the family
4. What’s the main purpose of this writing?
A. To show that an old car is better than a new one.
B. To share Mike Harrison’s story of his first car.
C. To ask people to treasure old things.
D. To describe the quality of a black Bentley.
1、答案解析：答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由文章第二段第二句話 “It had already done 85,000 miles …” 可知，Mike Harrison 買車的時候，車已經(jīng)跑了85,000 miles，可以推斷, Bentley sports car是二手車。故答案為B。
2、答案解析：答案為A。本題為推理題。由第三段 “Mr Harrison, 74, says he would never sell the car ‘which has been my best friend and part of my family all my life’ ”.和第四段的進(jìn)一步解釋可知，這輛車一直陪伴著他和他的家庭，故答案為A。
3、答案解析：答案為D。本題為文章主旨推理題。通讀全文可知，盡管Mike Harrison 的車現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)速度減慢，需要經(jīng)常修理，但是它見證了Mike Harrison和他的家庭生活，所以這輛車在他們的心中是無價的。故答案為D。
由第三段 “It is now one of only three left in the country and is worth ￡250,000.”和第六段 “He has spent thousands of pounds on repairs over the years …”可知，車的修理費是幾千鎊，但是價值是250,000鎊，故A選項錯誤。 由最后一段最后一句話 “But I wouldn't have changed any of it --- I feel like a Queen every time I'm in it.”可知，這輛車還是在使用，并沒退休，故B選項錯誤。C選項未提及。
4、答案解析：答案為B。本題考查文章的寫作目的，結(jié)合前面的問題可知，全文都是在圍繞Mike Harrison和他的車展開，故答案為B。
【2024·新課標(biāo)全國卷I】閱讀理解B
The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”．I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(維生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables was a 7 a．m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7：00 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.
Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home，they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York.I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.
Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where luckily for me.I was planning to have dinner that night.Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.
【試題分析】 文章講述了作者生活在冬天寒冷的紐約，當(dāng)有一個到佛羅里達(dá)州薩拉索塔一周的機(jī)會，作者體驗到不同的冬天。
1. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?
A．Exciting.
B．Boring.
C．Relaxing.
D．Annoying.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter，”可以推測出作者在紐約冬天的生活是令人厭煩的。故選B。
答案：B
2．What made the author's getting up late early worthwhile?
A．Having a swim.
B．Breathing in fresh air.
C．Walking in the morning sun.
D．Visiting a local farmer's market.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables was a 7 a．m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.”可知作者早上7點到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場是有意義的。可知選D。
答案：D
3. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?
A．They are soft.
B．They look nice.
C．They taste great.
D．They are juicy.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.”可知，紐約的西紅柿在商店里看起來是很吸引人的。可知選B。
答案：B
4．What was the author going to that evening?
A．Go to a farm.
B．Check into a hotel.
C．Eat in
a restaurant.
D．Buy fresh vegetable.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段尤其倒數(shù)第一二句可知，作者晚上計劃在餐館吃飯，并且點西紅柿。故選C。
答案：C
【2024·新課標(biāo)全國卷I】閱讀理解C
Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition，the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and meet with the beginning, the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (無限)．“From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus：amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg.
【試題分析】 本文主要介紹了最受歡迎的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)及薩爾瓦多·達(dá)利的藝術(shù)作品在巴黎蓬皮杜藝術(shù)中心展覽的細(xì)節(jié)。
1．Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?
A．Optimistic.
B．Productive.
C．Generous.
D．Traditional.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”可知達(dá)利作品是多產(chǎn)的。故選B。
答案：B
2．What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?
A．One of his masterworks.
B．A successful screen adaptation.
C．An artistic creation for the stage.
D．One of the beat TV programmes.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知The Persistence of Memory”是他的杰作之一。故選A。
答案：A
3. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?
A．By popularity.
B．By importance.
C．By size and shape.
D．By time and subject.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.”可知展覽是根據(jù)時間和主題安排的。故選D。
答案：D
4. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Artworks.
B．Projects.
C．Donations.
D．Documents.
解析：詞義推測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spian, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg.”可以推測出contribution為“藝術(shù)作品”之一。故選A。
答案：A。
2024高考訓(xùn)練題。閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
Even before there were people, there were cases of air pollution. There were dust storms. Volcanoes erupted, sending ash and poisonous gases into the atmosphere. When people appeared on the scene and began their conquest of nature, they also began to pollute the air. They cleared land, which made possible even larger dust storms. They built cities, and the soot(煤煙) from their hearths filled the air. The Roman author Seneca wrote in AD 61 of the “stink, soot and heavy air” of the imperial city. In 1257, the Queen of England was forced to move away from the city of Nottingham because the heavy smoke was unbearable. The industrial revolution brought even worse air pollution. Coal was burned to power factories and to heat homes. Soot, smoke, and sulfur dioxide(二氧化硫) fill the air.
The good old days? Not in the factory towns. But there were large rural areas unaffected by air pollution.
With increasing population, the entire world is becoming more urban. It is the huge cities that are most affected by air pollution. But rural areas are not unaffected. In the neighborhoods around smoky factories, there is evidence of increased rates of spontaneous abortion(自然流產(chǎn)) and of poor wool quality in sheep, decreased egg production and a high death rate in chickens.
Traffic police in Tokyo have to wear gas masks and take “oxygen breaks”—breathing occasionally from tanks of oxygen. Smog in Athens at times has forced factory closings and traffic restrictions. Acid rain in Canada is caused by air pollution in the United States, contributing to strained relationships between the two countries. Sydney, Rome, Tehran, Ankara, Mexico City, and most other major cities in the world have had frightening experiences of air pollution.
One of the two major types of smog—consisting of smoke, fog, sulfur dioxide, sulfuring acid (H2SO4), ash and soot—is called London smog. Indeed, the word smog is thought to have originated in England in 1905 as a contraction of the words “smoke” and “fog”.
Probably the worst case of smog in history started in London on Thursday, 4 December, 1952. A large cold air mass moved into the valley of the Thames River. A temperature inversion placed a blanket of warm air over the cold air. With nightfall, a dense fog and below-freezing temperatures caused the people of London to put coal into their small stoves. Millions of these fires burned throughout the night, pouring sulfur dioxide and smoke into the air. The next day, Friday, the people continued to burn coal when the temperature remained below freezing. The factories added their smoke and chemical fumes to the atmosphere.
Saturday was a day of darkness. For twenty miles around London, no light came through the smog. The air was cold and still. And the coal fires continued to burn throughout the weekend. On Monday, 8 December, more than one hundred people died of heart attacks while trying desperately to breathe. By the time a breeze cleared the air on Tuesday, 9 December, more than 4,000 deaths had been caused by the smog.
Soot and ash can be removed by electrostatic precipitators(靜電吸塵器). Unfortunately, they use large amounts of electricity, and the electrical energy, which is hardly affordable for most of us, has to come from somewhere. Fly ash removed from the air has to be put on the land or water, although it could be used in some way.
The elimination(去除) of sulfur dioxide is more difficult. Low-sulfur coal is rare and expensive. Although sulfur can be washed from finely pulverized(粉末化) coal, the process is expensive. There are also processes for changing dirty coal into clean liquid and gaseous fuels. These processes may hold promise for the future, but they are too expensive to compete economically with other fuels at present. They also waste a part of the coal’s energy.
1. What is the passage mainly talking about?
A. The type and form of pollution .
B. The cause and effect of pollution.
C. The situation and elimination of pollution.
D. The concept and examples of pollution.
2. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. Human beings should not have begun their conquest of nature.
B. Human activities contribute more to pollution than natural disasters do.
C. Seneca and the Queen of England were both over-sensitive to air pollution.
D. The industrial revolution was a disadvantage in terms of air pollution.
