全國職稱英語考試綜合類C級課堂筆記閱讀理解第4講
閱讀理解解題思路：
1. 解讀文章標題，把握文章主題/中心;
2.看問題句，確認問題句類型：主題題?細節題?并利用問題句中的核心詞和或特征詞作為答案線索;
3. 比較被選項在含義，在句子結構上的相互關系，猜測答案范圍;
4. 利用問題句的核心詞/特征詞(還可考慮被選項中的核心詞/特征詞)作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句，確認答案。
例題解析：
Passage 1
Goal of American education
Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life.Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged elite.Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child，regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself.This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects.It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing，sewing，radio repair, computer programming or driver training，along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics，history, and languages.Students choose their curricula depending on their interests，future goals，and level of ability.The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities，and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and
Americanizing the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal，but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts.Instead，Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time，learning how to use resource materials，libraries，statistics and computers.Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives.Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.
This is Americas answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time：How Can one prepare todays child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?
詞匯：
privileged adj.享有特權的
Elite n.精英，精華
academic adj.學術的
curricula n.課程
underlying adj.潛在的
reason v.推理
練習：
1.Wmch of the following best states the goal of American education?
A)To teach every learner some practical skills.
B)To provide every learner with rich knowledge.
C)To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.
D)To train every student to be a responsible citizen.
2.It is implied in the passage that
A)all high-school students take the same courses.
B)every high-school student must take some practical ability training courses.
C)every public school offers the same academic subjects.
D)the subjects every student takes may vary.
3.American schools place great emphasis on the learners
A)enrichment of knowledge.
B)accumulation of facts.
C)acquisition of the ability to be creative.
D)acquisition of the ability to work with his hands.
4.According to the passage，American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT
A)the brightest students.
B)the slow students.
C)the students from foreign countries.
D)the immigrants.
5.Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?
A)The large number of its schools.
B)The variety of the courses offered in its schools.
C)Its special consideration given to immigrants
D)Its underlying goal to develop every childs abilities to the fullest extent.
1.文章主題分析：Goal of American education
2.直接解題：
1. Which of the following best states the goal of American education?
A. To teach every learner some practical skills
B. To provide every learner with rich knowledge
C. To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.
D. To train every student to be a responsible citizen.
1. C。分析：問題問及美國教育的目的，該問題有關文章主題。利用被選項中的核心結構(practical skills，rich knowledge， fully develop his/her ability，responsible citizen )作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句：
(第2段)The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic(公民的) and community consciousness. 該句說要培養孩子發揮他們最大的潛力， 并讓他們具有公民意識和社會意識，因此判斷C是答案。
2. It is implied in the passage that
A. all high-school students take the same courses.
B. every high-school student must take some practical ability training courses.
C. every public school offers the same academic subjects
D. the subjects every student takes may vary.
2.D.分析：既然借助前面問題的解答知道美國教育的根本目標是在于學生能力的培養，因此推斷D(學生學習的科目是變化的(因人而異))是答案。也可以借助原文，利用被選項中的核心詞(same courses，practical ability training courses，same academic subjects， the subjects vary)作為答案線索： This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as tying, sewing, or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, .. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. 該劃線句表明學生根據他們的興趣，將來的目標和能力水平進行課程的選擇，因此可以推斷出D的含義每個學生學習的課程可能是不同的。
3. American schools place great emphasis on the learners
A. enrichment of knowledge
B. accumulation of facts
C. acquisition of the ability to be creative
D. acquisition of the ability to work with his hands.
3.C.分析：由于前面的問題都涉及到學生能力的培養，因此推斷C或D正確。利用這兩個選項中的核心詞creative和 work with his hands作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關句：Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. 根據該句句意判斷C(獲得創造力)是答案。
4. According to the passage, American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT
A. the brightest students.
B. the slow students
C. the students from foreign countries.
D. the immigrants.
4.C. 分析：借助第1題的了解：美國教育致力于培養每個學生的能力，因此判斷A和B都應該是美國教育能滿足的對象。利用被選項C和D中的核心詞(from foreign countries， immigrants)作為答案線索，這樣發現答案相關句：Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and Americanizing the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. 定語
該句說：美國學校在國家團結和使數百萬美國移民者美國化上起著重要的作用。該句間接的暗示美國教育能滿足移民者的需要，因此只有C沒有提到。
5. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?
A. The large number of its schools.
B. The variety of the courses offered in its schools.
C. Its special consideration given to immigrants.
D. Its underlying goal to develop every childs abilities to the fullest extent.
5.D. 分析：問題問及美國教育和其他國家的教育在什么方面不同，注意文章中提到比較的句子，這樣在文章第2段開頭找到答案相關句：Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged elite. 該句強調了面向每個學生的教育，對比被選項判D正確D中提到了培養每個學生的能力與答案相關句最呼應。 Passage 2
The national park service
Americas national parks are like old friends.You may not see them for years at a time，but just knowing theyre out there makes you feel better.Hearing the names of these famous old friends--Yosemite，Yellowstone，Grand Canyon-revives memories of visits past and promotes dreams of those still to come.
From Acadia to Zion，369 national parks are part of a continually evolving system.
Ancient fossil beds，Revolutionary wall battlefields，magnificent mountain ranges，and monuments to heroic men and women who molded this country。are all a part of our National Park System.The care and preservation for future generations of these special places is entrusted to the National Park Service.Uniformed Rangers，the most visible representatives of the Service，not only offer park visitors a friendly wave，a helpful answer, or a thoughtprovoking history lesson，but also are skilled rescuers，firefighters，and dedicated resource protection professionals.The National Park Service ranks also include architects，historians，archaeologists，biologists，and a host of other experts who preserve and protect everything from George Washingtons teeth to Thomas Edisons wax recordings.
Modem society has brought the National Park Service both massive challenges and enormous opportunities.Satellite and computer technologies are expanding the educational possibilities of a national park beyond its physical boundaries.Cities struggling to revive their urban cores are turning to the Park Service for expert assistance to preserve their cultural heritage, create pocket parks and green spaces，and re-energize local economies.Growing communities thirsty for recreational outlets are also working with the NPS to rum abandoned railroad tracks into bike and hiking trails，as well as giving unused federal property new life as recreation centers.
To help meet these challenges and take advantage of these opportunities，the National Park Service has formed partnershipssome dating back 100 years，some only months old
with other agencies，state and local governments，corporations，American Indian tribes and Alaska Natives， Park Friends groups，cooperating associations，private organizations，community groups and individuals who share the National Park ethic.
National Park Week 1996 is a celebration of these partnerships.
詞匯：
revive vt. 重新喚起，重新記起 蘇醒，復蘇
promote vt.促成，促進 晉升，提升
evolve vi.演化;vt.使逐步形成
fossil aaj.化石的
range n.山地;山脈
entrust vt.委托管理委托
ranger n.國家公園管理員，國有森林護林員
core n.中心核心
trail n.小道，.小徑
ethic n.道德規范，倫理標準
練習：
1.Why are Americas national parks like old friends?
A)Because they are always out there.
B)Because they are very old.
C)Because they make people feel better.
D)Because they are very famous.
2.Which of the following statements is true about uniformed rangers?
A)They take tourists to national parks.
B)They always act as tourist guides.
C)They help setup new national parks.
D)They protect the National Park System.
3.The National Park Service does all of the following EXCEPT
A)offering help to visitors.
B)molding the Nation.
C)keeping people better informed of the National Park System
D)helping preserve the cultural heritage.
4.What is this passage about?
A)It is about the American National Parks.
B)It is about the National Park Service.
C)It is about the National Park Service partnerships.
D)It is about the care and preservation of the National Parks in America
5.What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?
A)The pocket parks in America.
B)The preparations made for the celebration of National Park Week 1996.
C)The work that has been done by the partners.
D)The preservation of national resources in America.
答案及解析
文章標題分析： The national park service
Americas national parks are like old friends. You may not see them for years at a time, but just knowing theyre out there makes you feel better. Hearing the names of these famous old friends Yosemite, Yellowstone, Grand Canyon
根據以上的句子判斷文章將講述的國家公園服務是指在美國國家公園里的服務(服務結構?)
直接解題：
1. Why are Americas national parks like old friends?
A. because they are always out there.
B. because they are very old
C. because they make people feel better
D. because they are very famous
1. A. 分析：利用題干中的核心詞老朋友作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關句：Americas national parks are like old friends. You may not see them for years at a time, but just knowing theyre out there makes you feel better. Hearing the names of these famous old friends Yosemite, Yellowstone, Grand Canyon 劃線句說知道它們總是在那里使你感覺更好，因此判斷A(因為它們總是在那里)是答案。
2. Which of the following statements is true about uniformed rangers(護林員)?
A. they take tourists to national parks.
B. they always act as tourist guides
C. they help set up new national parks
D. they protect the national park system
2.D. 分析：利用題干中的uniformed rangers(護林員)作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關句：Uniformed rangers, the most visible representatives of the service, not only offer park visitors a friendly wave, a helpful answer, or a thought provoking history lesson, but also are skilled rescuers, firefighters, and dedicated resource protection professionals. 該句提到穿著統一制服的護林員是嫻熟的救護者，森林救火員，是專職的保護者。因此判斷D是答案。
3. The Park Service does all of the following EXCEPT
A. offering help to visitors.
B. molding the Nation
C. keeping people better informed of the National Park System
D. helping preserve the cultural heritage.
3.B. 利用題干中的Park Service作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關句：The care and preservation for future generations of these special places is entrusted to the National Park Service. Uniformed rangers, the most visible representatives of the service, not only offer park visitors a friendly wave, a helpful answer(與A一致), or a thought provoking history lesson(與C一致), but also are skilled rescuers, firefighters, and dedicated resource protection professionals.
